• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.242-247
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of oyster shell, fly ash and gypsum on rice yield and quality. The four treatments of soil amelioration were oyster shell 4, fly ash 80, fly ash 56 + gypsum 24 and oyster shell 0.8 + fly ash 40 + gypsum 24 ton/ha. Rice yield were in the order of oyster shell, fly ash and control plats. The pH, EC values and OM, Ca, $SO_4$, moisture contents of the top-soil after rice harvesting in soil amelioration treatments were increased, while Mg, Na, Fe, Zn and Al were decreased than those of control. Rice quality was the best in the fly ash plat due to lower T-N and higher Mg/K ratio.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.310-323
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• 1989

This study was carried out to find out the difference of ripening and growth characteristics among the different florets in same panicle. There were 2 different transplanting date (May 25 and June 10) and 6 varieties were used. Physiological ripening period, ripening speed, 1000 grain weight, germination speed and grain quality were studied among the different florets (1, 5 and 8 days after heading) in same panicle. Physiological ripening period was long in late transplanting, late flowering floret, and late varieties by 3-9 days in Japonica. Ripening speed and 1000 grain weight were high in early transplanting and early flowering florets. There was positive correlation among the ripening speed, 1000 grain weight and a average temperature but negative correlation between the ripening and physiological ripening period. Germination speed was excellent in early flowering floret after heading. There was difference in amylose content within varieties and different flowering grains and there was significant correlation between grain quality and meteorological factors in some varieties.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.258-261
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• 1991

In order to establish the optimum drying temperature of the heated air blast-grain circulation dryer, a 2 ton scale of paddy was used in this experiment. The temperatures of heated air used were 45, 50, 55, 60, 65 and $70^{\circ}C$. Moisture content of the paddy was reduced to 15% from 24% by drying. The higher air temperature, the shorter drying time and the less fuel consumed. The portion of cracked kernels was found to be low as $3{\sim}10%\;at\;40{\sim}55^{\circ}C$, but was very high to $28{\sim}30%\;at\;60{\sim}70^{\circ}C$. The germination percent was very high as 98 and 93% at 40 and $45^{\circ}C$, but it was decreased to 86 and 30% at 50 and $70^{\circ}C$, respectively. The recovery yield of milled rice from paddy was decreased by 1.76, 2.63 and 7.52% at 60, 65 and $70^{\circ}C$, respectively, compared with 75.86% as drying at $40^{\circ}C$. The higher heated air temperature, the less head rice of milled rice was recovered, and the decreased ratio was increased $60^{\circ}C$. The higher heated air temperature, the less alkali disintergation value and gel consistency of milled rice and the more water up take, expanded vlume, total solid in residual liquid and intensity of starch iodine blue value of residual liquid, and those tendency was found clear from $60^{\circ}C$ temperature of heated air.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.800-804
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• 1997

To evaluate the characters related to rice grain quality as affected by silicate application, the ripened color, appearence and physicochemical properties of rice grain which were produced at the silt-loam paddy field of National Yeongnam Agricultural Exeperiment Station with a little poor drainage for trials on long-term effects of continuous application of same fertilizer were analyzed comparing with the NPK fertilizer an the NPK＋compost in 1995. The whiteness value and color space value in ripened color of rice hull by silicate application were higher than those in the plots of NPK and NPK＋compost, because of low percentage of rusty grain and sooty grain, The percentage of perfect grain in brown rice and in milled rice by the silicate application increased by 6.1~7.5% and by 1.8~3.5% respectively, as compared with the NPK application and white core and white belly of milled rice were decreased, The amylose content, protein content and starch-iodine blue value of milled rice by silicate application were lower than those in the plots of NPK and NPK＋compost, while the peak point and breakdown viscosity of gelatinized rice flour on amylograph, and tastes value evaluated as a indicater of pannel test by nireco tester were higher. By silicate application these factors could be affected toward better in eating quality.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.382-387
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• 2008

This study was conducted to determine the effect of rice bran on rice yield, grain quality and weeds control depending on applying times. The redox potential was severely reduced $4{\sim}7$ days after rice bran application but that of conventional practice was reduced 17 days after transplanting. During the decomposing of the rice bran in the water, the dissolved oxygen in the water was exhausted right away after rice bran application. The dry weight of weed increased as the rice bran application time was delayed that weed dry weights increased by 138% in applying before puddling (ABP), 219% in 5 DAT (days after transplanting), 300% in 7 DAT and 619% in 9 DAT compared to conventional practice. The rice yield reduced remarkably in rice bran treatments after transplanting compared to conventional practice and applying before puddling. In the rice quality, the head rice ratio in the rice bran treatment was higher than that in conventional practice, and its protein content decreased. The results confirm that the rice bran application make the rice palatability higher, but there was no difference in rice qualities depending on application times.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.805-809
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• 1997

The influence of cool temperature occurred during the booting stage in 1993 on quality of rice grain was compared with that in favorable weather of 1994. The mean and minimum air temperatures during the reproductive growth stage at the paddy field of Jinbu Substation, National Crop Experiment Station were 2.2~7.4$^{\circ}C$ and 2.0~8.9$^{\circ}C$ lower respectively in 1993 compared to those of 1994. Grain fertility and brown rice yield were 11.8％ and 0.4t /ha, and 84.3％ and 5.5t /ha in 1993 and 1994, respectively. There was no difference in amylose content between two years. However, protein content of brown rice in 1994 were 1.6％ lower than that of 1993. There was no difference in alkali digestion value of milled rice between two years. Gel consistency of rice flour was 45mm in 1993 and 59mm in 1994. Amylogram characteristics of rice flour produced in 1993 showed lower peak hot, cool, and breakdown viscosities, and higher consistency and setback viscosities. The palatability of cooked rice by sensory panel test was considerably better in 1994 rice than in the rice of cool year.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.spc
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• pp.72-77
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• 2008

This study was carried out to determine the response of the rice yield and grain quality by rice leaf folder (RLF, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis G.) and identify the damages caused by different transplanting dates, nitrogen amounts and chlorophyll amounts (SPAD value) of rice leaf. As the damage degree of RLF was getting severer, the ripened grain rate and 1000-grain weight were decreased and due to the increasing of chalky rice rate the rate of head rice was reduced. Therefore, the yield of head rice was decreased by 36% in heavily damaged rice plant. Among the physicochemical characteristics, protein content of rice grain was increased but amylose content was reduced, consequently, the palatability was deteriorated in heavily damaged rice by RLF. The degree of damage of RLF was getting serious as transplanting date was delayed and as the amount of nitrogen was increased. In the relationship between the SPAD value and the damage degree of RLF, as the SPAD value was increased by nitrogen fertilizing, the damage degree was also increased exponential functionally.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2004

Typhoon "MAEMI", happened in September 2003, hit the great damage to Gyeongnam province area. Especially, rice plant was lodged or severe leaf damage was caused. This study was conducted to find out the extents of leaf damage among different rice cultivars, and to evaluate rice yield and eating quality due to leaf damage after typhoon. Rice cultivars torn off over half of the flag leaf length (FLL) were one medium-late maturing cultivar (Donginl), medium maturing cultivar (Yeonganbyeo), eight early maturing cultivars (Samcheonbyeo, Jounghwnbyeo, Munjangbyeo, Taebongbyeo, Odaebyeo, Samhaegbyeo, Sobaegbyeo, Sinunbongbyeo), two long-il type cultivars (Samgangbyeo, Namcheonbyeo), and three special use cultivars (Heukseonchalbyeo, Jinbuchalbyeo, Yangjobyeo). Cultivars torn off below 1/10 FLL were eight medium-late maturing cultivars (Chucheongbyeo, Daecheongbyeo, Saechu cheongbyeo, Donganbyeo, Daeyabyeo, Hwamyeongbyeo, 방eongsanbyeo, Dongjinbyeo) and two medium maturing cultivays (Donghaebyeo, Gumobyeo2). The rest cultivars were tore off by 1/10∼1/2 ELL. In yield components, the longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was ripened grain ratio, grain weight and brown/rough rice ratio, which was severly impacted to late than to ordinary season cultivation. However, rice yield did not decrease up to tearing by 1/10 ELL. Head rice ratio decreased from flag leaf tearing over 1/10 ELL in late season cultivation. The longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was eating quality, which could not show significantly different.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 1997

For the environmental protection, it is more desirable to use compost rather than chemical fertilizer. So in this paper, the effects of compost upon the rice quality were investigated with Hwajin Rice as the test variety. The rice quality and physicochemical characteristics were examined and the resrlts are as follows. As to the rice quality, the rate of polished rice was high in the non-fertilizer and the compost plot, the degree of transparency was high in the order of the traditional, the compost+urea, the compost and the non-fertilizer plot. The amylose content (one of the physicochemical characteristies of the rice), the rate of Mg/K, and the adhesivity and the cohesion power (charateristies of texturogram which show the density of boiled rice) were also high in the compost polt. Among the amylogram characteristics, the gelatinization temperature was lowest in the compost plot ; the lowest and the highest degree of viscosity and the break down were also inclined to be higher in the compost plot than in the traditional plot. After the soil test, the components of available phosphorus, organic matters, calcium, magnesium, potassinm and silicate increased in the soil as compared with those before test.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.338-342
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• 1996

Fodder rye(cv. Coolgrazer) was cultivated on paddy soils under different application rates of animal manures (CM=cow manures mixed with sawdust, SM=swine manure mixed with sawdust) during 1994-1995. Rice crop (CV. Geumo) was transplanted in the same plots after fodder rye. The effects of cattle manure application on the yield performance of rye and their influence to growth, yields and quality of rice were evaluated. Fodder rye produced larger plant growth and higher silage yield in the cattle manure application than in the chemical feltilizer (CF). Dry matter yields of rye silage were 3.08 ton(CF), 4.23 ton(CM) and 6.03 ton/ha(SM), respedively. Under heavy application of cattle manures plant height, number of tillers and grains per panicle were increased, but 1,000 grains weight and total yields of rice were decreased. Yields of brown rice were 5.20 ton(CF), 5.15 ton (CM) and 4.95 ton/ha(SM), respectively. Higher concentration of amylose was found in the heavy application of cattle manures. Amylose contents of rice were 16.8%(CF), 19.1%(CM) and 19.4%(SM).