• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.220-220
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• 2017

일반적으로 XP-SWMM 모형을 이용한 침수모의를 실시할 경우 과부하 맨홀에 손실계수의 적용 시와 미적용 시에 침수 범위의 차이가 상이함에도 불구하고 보다 실제적인 침수면적의 모의를 위하여 에너지 손실 적용에 대한 도시침수해석의 구체적인 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 또한 과부하관거에서의 배수능력을 증대하기 위하여 설치되는 맨홀 내 인버트의 침수저감 효과에 대한 분석이 필요한 실정이다. 이원 등(2015)은 군자배수구역을 대상으로 손실계수의 적용 방안 및 손실계수 적용에 따른 침수면적의 변화를 분석하였으나, 맨홀의 형상 및 인버트의 설치유무에 대한 사항을 고려하지 않았다. 그러므로 기 산정된 과부하 맨홀에서의 손실계수를 적용 및 인버트 설치에 따른 침수범위 변화의 분석이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 손실계수 및 인버트 설치 여부에 따른 침수범위의 변화를 분석하기 위하여 도림천의 도림1배수분구를 대상으로 XP-SWMM을 활용하여 침수해석을 실시하였다. 김정수(2010)가 수리모형실험을 통하여 인버트를 설치하지 않은 기본형 맨홀에서 산정된 손실계수 0.61과 반원형, U자형 인버트를 각각 설치했을 시에 0.37, 0.30으로 산정된 손실계수를 XP-SWMM모형의 각 과부하 맨홀에 적용하였다. 침수모의 결과 과부하 맨홀에 손실계수를 적용하지 않은 경우의 침수면적은 21.14 ha로 모의되어 실제 침수면적과 약 60 % 정도의 일치율을 보였으나, 인버트를 설치하지 않은 기본형 맨홀의 손실계수를 적용한 경우의 침수면적은 37.12 ha로 모의되어 실제 침수면적인 35.65 ha와 거의 유사하게 나타났다. 또한 반원형 인버트를 고려한 경우의 침수면적은 28.04 ha, U자형 인버트 설치를 고려한 경우의 침수면적은 25.90 ha로 모의되었다. 인버트를 미적용한 경우의 침수면적과 비교하면 침수면적이 각각 24 %, 30 % 감소하였다. 따라서 도시 침수피해를 저감하기 위해 과부하 맨홀에 인버트를 설치한다면 맨홀내의 에너지 손실이 저감되고 배수능력이 향상되어 침수피해 면적과 침수심을 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.173-184
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• 1998

This study deals with the visual quality in the future urban landscape and architectural environment, and as such, aims to identify a scientific and objective aesthetic and visual quality from the perspective of empirical aesthetics. The empirical aesthetics provides a framework that can be utilized in understanding human perception, consciousness, and behavior and a way to categorize the visual quality and to explain and predict its effect. The study examines various theories on environmental perception, cognition, and some new approaches to environmental aesthetics, and tries to present aesthetic properties that can be applied to environmental design. First, the aesthetic experience in visual perception can be defined as a combined effect of psychobiological properties and human activity, i.e. an interaction between the formal and symbolic signs in environment and the conceptual framework of man. The effect of visual quality differs and varies a great deal, depending on the sociocultural, personal and collective value system, so it is hard to define it in absolute terms. Second, the impact of visual quality and its aesthetic effect has to do with pleasure, preference, the aptitude for survival, and self regulation. Third, aesthetics is one of the areas that can benefit a great deal from an interdisciplinary approach. and an empirical study such as this can be used as a basis for design, planning, and evaluation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.173-183
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• 2006

Design is inseparably related to aesthetics. In spite of that, it is difficult to explain the precise aesthetic variables that affect the aesthetic value of space or environment. Therefore, this study intended to find the relationships between aesthetic variables by perceptual and affective judgement for space design with focus on complexity and preference variables. The research found low level of 'arousing' as well as high levels of affective dimension variables 'pleasant' and 'relaxing' evoked high preference. High preference also appeared in space design cases with high unity, order, and clarity with low contrast and complexity, which are variables of perceptual dimension. Complexity, one variables of preference by Kaplan, is in an inverse proportion to space preference. Thus, space design with high complexity has high level of 'exciting' and 'arousing' affective responses and relatively low level of 'relaxing' response. Additionally, it was confirmed that the most importantly influential factor on complexity was diverse components rather than visual richness and ornamentation.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20
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• pp.75-85
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• 1997

After the second world war the vulgar functionalism, which was called as the international style, was developed in the interest of the post capitalistic society. The vulgar functionalism reflected only inhuman commercialism and brought to psycho-mental and social problems. By the result in the mid-sixties the criticism movement of the functionalism had began as a king of the 68-movement in the german architecture and design scene. And it went on in the seventies, and had a decisive influence on the forming of the extended functionalism. The extended functionalism is bases on the definition of functions in the using process of the mass production and consumption society. Those functions, viz. Practical Function, Theoretical Function, Ecological Function, (formal-) Aesthetical Function, Indicating Function, Symbolical Function, have been the core criteria in the analysis and developing phase of the todays' german design scene.

• Archives of design research
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• v.21
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• pp.149-158
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• 1997

Since Macintosh computer was introduced in 1984, important technological evolution has not only changed the computer graphics field but had a significant effect in the graphic design field for its judgement of aesthetic value. In Korea, the development of digital typeface and electronic pre-press business became active due to computer design system since Macintosh computer was introduced in 1987. Currently there are many digital type foundries in Korea and they have produced over 500 typefaces of the Korean alphabet. However, a few technological limitations and aesthetic problems still exist in the development of the Korean typeface. In this study, I have examined the role and function of computer technology in typography. Also I analyzed the aesthetic elements which are found in computer technology and compared them to traditional typography to try to find some opportunity and possibility for new method of development.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.84-94
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• 2019

This paper developed the VSL control algorithms for various traffic conditions in tunnels. Various algorithms determining control speed, buffer speed, and display time were suggested in order to apply three gantry locations. The algorithms were evaluated by constructing simulation environments using python and VISSIM Com-Interface. Results show that speed difference between congested flow and normal flow was 50 km/h without algorithm application, but the difference was reduced to 20 km/h with algorithm application. In addition, the length of congested region in the exit section of the tunnel was also reduced from 800m to 300m with algorithm application. It is expected that the traffic accidents in tunnels may be reduced since the average and standard deviation of the speed are greatly reduced after applying the algorithms suggested.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.18 no.2 s.29
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• pp.168-189
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• 2005

통과분석(通過分析)${\ulcorner}$금궤요약심전(金櫃要略心典) 장부경락선후병맥증제일(臟腑經絡先後病脈證第一)${\lrcorner}$ 중우재경적주석(中尤在據的注釋), 득출여하결론(得出如下結論): 1. 우재경반대이용오행상생상극이론진행장련분석(尤在濫反對利用五行相生相池理論進行長蓮分析), 인위분석일차성상관관계즉가(認爲分析一次性相關關係卽可). 2. 제창오미적오장체용보사이론(提唱五味的五臟體用補瀉理論) 3. 이흡기정도구분삼초각부위적실송(以吸氣程度區分三焦各部位的實訟) : 미수시상초실(微數是上焦實), 촉시중초실(促是中焦實), 원시하초실(遠是下焦實) 4. 이척부출현부맥(以尺部出現浮脈), 판단위표지리(判斷爲表之裏), 장출현요통배강불능행적증상(將出現腰痛背强不能行的症狀), 여과입리(如果入裏), 장출현(將出現) ‘단기이극’적증상(‘短氣而極’的症狀). 5. 종(從)1-13조문중(條文中) '대사(大邪)'. '소사적주석급(小邪'的注釋及)1-17조문중‘소득’등적주석내용(條文中‘所得’等的注釋內容), 가이간출(可以看出), 우재여불근종(尤在濾不謹從)${\ulcorner}$금궤요약(金櫃要略)${\lrcorner}$, 차근거림상실제내진행주석(且根據臨床實際來進行注釋).

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.314-324
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• 2017

In order to consider application and evaluation of value and class of domestic wetland, we investigated 146 wetlands located Gyeongsangnam-do using Rapid Assessment Method (RAM). We utilized Self-Organizing-Map (SOM) to analysis relationship between evaluation index and land coverage ratio surrounding wetland. Among total 8 evaluation index, 'Fish and herptile habitat' and 'Aesthetic value' were higher, most of the wetlands evaluated as 2, 3 grade. Result of SOM analysis, 'vegetation diversity and wild animals habitat' is negatively related to the 'Fish and herptile habitat', because fishs were not prefer habitat excessively occupied by plant. However, high vegetation diversity can be support high score of 'Aesthetic' in wetland. Also, 'Erosion control' and 'Flood storage and control' were closely related, wetlands with high score of 'Erosion control' have high score of 'Flood storage and control'. When applied RAM in domestic wetland, six out of 6 evaluation index induced biased results, the index of RAM need a little change as some new or modify evaluation index. Therefore, we consider to need adjustable, subdivide, and actualization of some evaluation index for application of RAM in domestic wetlands. Consequently, wetland assessment and class using RAM can be utilized as important indicate for conservation and management of wetland, and contributed greatly to maintain biodiversity include to endangered species by preserving remaining wetland.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.123
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• pp.87-110
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• 2012

The kitsch was emerged from the people's cultural desire in the conditions of the various duplicating technology, the capital economy system, and the civil revolution in the western modern mass society. But it is underestimated constantly because of the conspicious consumption and the aesthetic inadequacy. Even though some kitsches are elevated to the 'kitsch arts' in the historical description of the modern arts, still the most of kitsches are remained as 'just kitsches' and excluded from the aesthetic research according to the double standard. In this essay, I research for whether anti-kitsch theory is convincing theoretically and practically. Anti-kitsch theory criticizes the kitsch on the basis of the modernist aesthetics, in which the 'fine art' provokes the aesthetic pleasure in the disinterested contemplation. But kitsch purposes for the sensual gratification and the sentimentality. So the anti-kitish theorists conclude that the kitsch is the bad taste. In critically analyzing the argumentation of Greenberg's. Kaplan's and $C{\tilde{a}}linescu^{\prime}s$, I refute the privileged prejudice of the ideal critic. They don't justify the criteria of the classification of 'art'/ 'kitsch'. They supplement the economical and the political grounds for the evaluative theory of the kitsch. But the argumentation of the kitsch is consumed conspicuously and results in the unlettered masses is not sufficient. People produce and enjoy the kitsches in the various ways. People envelope the genres, styles and media of the kitsches and they try to suggest the new horizon of the popular aesthetics. So anti-kitsch theories cannot be accepted because they adhere to the elitism and formalism. The exclusion of the kitsch is the derogation for people's taste. Also they didn't reflect the contemporary cultural practice and the aesthetic needs in the system of post-art. The alternative aesthetics of the kitsch is the topic of my next essay.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.125-137
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• 2021

How can we explain the phenomenon of small, old alleyways in the city becoming rising commercial places attracting people from an aesthetic perspective? This research discusses distinctive aesthetic experiences of urban commercial alleyways, which are located on inner roads and consist of small-scale stores and explore the specific aspects of Sharosu-gil, located in Gwanak-gu, Seoul. The aesthetic experience of urban commercial alleyways is generated by the contrast with the refined urban fabric along main roads in terms of space, the gap between the old and the new, and the antagonism between the known and the less known. The approach to Sharosu-gil consists of the high-rise buildings along the main road built in the 2000s, then encountering low-rise buildings on inside roads built from the late 1970s to the present. Therefore, it is judged that the site has sufficient conditions to generate the aesthetic experience as an urban commercial alleyway. As a result of analyzing the street improvement projects, first, the official announcement of the name 'Sharosu-gil' was interpreted as an escape from the place specificity and garnered the acquisition of the characteristics of an alternative. Secondly, the improvement project for old-established signboards was interpreted as harmony between the new and the old and the loss of temporality. Thirdly, in the pedestrian priority road project, the pavement was interpreted as a reinforcement of the identity as an alleyway and the visualization of the area. Since the reality of urban commercial alleyways depends on the user's visiting, it is necessary to interpret alleyways from the perspective of the senses and aesthetics, not just from social phenomena or capital logic perspective. The study will cast implications for relevant schemes and data-driven research.