• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.10-22
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• 1992

퇴비화는 유기물이 생물의 작용에 의해 분해되면서 보다 안정화된 형태로 변형되어 가는 과정으로 여러가지 환경요인에 의해 영향을 받는다. 본 논문에서는 유기물의 퇴비화 과정에 영향을 주는 요인을 토양 생화학적 및 미생물학적 측면으로 분석하여 퇴비화 공정설계에 있어 분해원리의 이해에 도움을 주고자 하며, 퇴비화 후 최종적인 사용, 즉 농업적 이용 가능성에 대해서도 간략하게 기술하고자 한다.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.15-19
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 lignin 분해시 lignin peroxidase와 glucose oxidase의 역할을 규명하기 위하여 백색부후균의 일종인 Pleurotus ostreatus를 실험 재료로 하여 glucose oxidase와 세포의 peroxidase를 분리하여 그 특성을 규명하여 이미 분리된 타 균주의 효소와 비교 분석하고, .betha.-O-4 linkage를 지닌 이합체 모델화합물에 작용시켜 그 산물을 분석함으로서 간접적이나마 두 효소의 역할및 분해기작을 추정하여 보았다.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.356-359
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• 2001

The ability of Pseudomonas putida to degrade toluene was studied in toluene-containing vials. The strain grows anaerobically in toluene as a sole source of carbon. When the initial toluene concentrations injected in the vial are varied, the changes of headspace toluene concentration and cell density are observed. We set a model for this vial and simulated the vial reactor using Matlab. With a variation of model parameters, simulated results were compared with the experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.117-125
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• 2006

A microorganism capable of degrading toluene was isolated from crude oil contaminated soil and identified as Pseudomonas fluorescence. The effects of environmental factors on the degradation of toluene were investigated. The optimum temperature for toluene degradation was $30^{\circ}C$ and the maximum specific cell growth and toluene degradation rates were $0.76hr^{-1}$ and $0.36hr^{-1}$, respectively. Although the wild cells were not able to degrade toluene at $10^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$, the cells adapted to toluene at $30^{\circ}C$ degraded 100mg/L of toluene completely at $10^{\circ}C$ and 80% of the toluene at $40^{\circ}C$. The wild cells were not able to degrade more than 200mg/L of toluene but the toluene-adapted cells degraded up to 300mg/L of toluene. Although the optimum pH was 7.0, the degradation rates were not much different in the range of 5.5 to 9.0. When nitrate was used as a nitrogen source instead of ammonium, the adaptation period became longer by 2~10 hours and the cell growth yield became lower by 45%. The toluene degradation rates after adaptation period, however, were almost same in both cases. The observations in this study will be used in the future biofilter design and operation.

• Bioindustry News
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.35-40
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• 2001

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6B
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• pp.695-701
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• 2006

A toluene-degrading bacterial strain was isolated from a mixed culture that was maintained using toluene as a sole carbon and energy source. The isolated bacterium was classified as Pseudomonas sp. TBD4 based on the close relationship to bacteria belonging to this genus. A bottle study to determine biodegradation rates of individual aromatic compounds showed that the biodegradation was faster in the order of toluene, benzene, styrene, and p-xylene. However, when various mixtures were subjected to TDB4, styrene was degraded at the highest rate, indicating that both toluene and p-xylene could stimulate the degradation of other substrates whereas styrene played as an inhibitor. In addition, the mixed culture and TDB4 were inoculated to the bioactive foam reactor (BFR), and the reactor performance and the corresponding change of microbial community were monitored using the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method. When an inlet concentration of the VOC mixture increased to greater than 250 ppm, the overall removal efficiency dropped significantly. The FISH measurement demonstrated that the ratio of TDB4 to the total bacteria also decreased to less than 20% along with the decline in removal efficiency in the BFR. As a result, the periodic addition of the pre-grown TDB4 might have been beneficial to achieve a stable performance in the BFR operated over an extended period.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.861-866
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the biodegradation of dissolved organic matter derived from animal carcass disposal soil using soil inhabited bacteria and to identify the bacteria involved in the biodegradation. The two soils were obtained from the animal carcass burial sites located in Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. The results indicated that during the biodegradation experiments (56 days), 48% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was mineralized within 13 days in soil-derived solution 1 (initial DOC = 19.88 mgC/L), and the DOC concentration at 56 days was $8.8{\pm}0.4$ mg C/L, indicating 56% mineralization of DOC. In soil-derived solution 2 (initial DOC = 19.80 mgC/L), DOC was mineralized drastically within 13 days, and the DOC concentration was decreased to $6.0{\pm}0.4$ mg C/L at 56 days (76% mineralization of DOC). Unlike DOC value, the specific UV absorbance ($SUVA_{254}$) value, an indicator of proportion of aromatic structures in total organic carbon, tended to increase until 21 days and then decreased thereafter. The $SUVA_{254}$ values in soil-derived solutions 1 and 2 were the highest at 21 days. The microbial analysis demonstrated that Pseudomonas fluorescens, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Nocardioides simplex, Pseudomonas mandelii, Bosea sp. were detected at 14 days of incubation, whereas Pseudomonas veronii appeared as a dominant species at 56 days.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.31-37
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• 1994

For a microbiological study of composting process, screening and assay method for biopolymer degrading enzymes and microorganisms were developed and for the study of the possibility of composting in anaerobic state, distribution of sulfate reducing bacteria which plays a final role in anaerobic degradation was investigated. Substrates used for the development of assay methods for biopolymer degradation are ${\beta}-glucan$, xylan, dextran, CMC(carboxy methly cellulose), casein, and collagen. These substrates were made insoluble by a cross-linking agent and linked with dye to make chromogenic substrates. ${\beta}-glucan$ and xylan substrates could substitute congo-red method for screening of polymer degrading microorganisms without damaging the colonies. Sulfate reducing bacteria contained in the sample sludge showed preference to lactic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and formic acid and could use acetic acid and valeric acid.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2024

It was known that crude oil can be mainly divided into saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes. If microbial biodegradation of asphaltenes is effectively viable, additional oil production will be expected from depleted oil reservoir. Meanwhile, biodegradation can be applied to other aspects, such as the bioremediation of spilled oil. In this case, the biodegradation of asphaltenes also plays an important role. It has been already reported that asphaltenes are decomposed by bacterial consortia. However, the biodegradation mechanism of asphaltenes has not been clearly presented. The major reason is that the molecular structure of asphaltenes is complicated and is mainly in a aggregated form. In this paper, it was presumed that the biodegradation process of asphaltenes may follow the microbial oxidation mechanism of saturates and aromatics which are easier biodegradable than asphaltenes among the crude oil components. In other words, the biodegradation process was explained by serial stages; the contact between asphaltenes and bacteria in the presence of biosurfactants, and the decomposition of alkyl groups and fused-rings within the asphaltene structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1978.10a
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• pp.205.1-205
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• 1978

일반적으로 쌀막걸리 중에는 풍미에 관여한다고 생각되는 핵산관련물질이 핵산분해효소인 PDase (phosphodiesterase) 및 PMase (phospomonoesterase) 등의 작용을 받아 대부분이 분해되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 저자등은 쌀막걸리 제조공정을 통하여 핵산관련물질의 분포와 그와 관련된 핵산 분해효소에 대한 실험을 하였다. 본보에서는 제국중 핵산관련물질과 핵산관련물질을 분해하는 효소의 경시적 변화를 조사하였으며 이들 분해효소의 효소학적 성질을 검토하여 몇가지 결과를 얻었으므로 보고하는 바이다.