• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국에너지공학회 1998년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 1998

석탄가스화 복합발전시스템(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, IGCC)은 기존의 미분탄 연소 발전 방식에 비해 발전효율이 5-10%이상 높고, 공해물질 배출 특성에 있어서도 SOx와 NOx를 각각 95% 및 75% 이상 감소시키고 재는 용응 슬러 형태로 처리하는 발전시스템이다. 이와 같은 고효율 및 환경 친화적인 특성으로 인하여 IGCC 시스템은 차세대 석탄화력 발전 방식으로서 각광받고 있으며, 이미 선진 공업국들은 70년대 석유파동 이후 IGCC 기술의 개발을 활발히 진행하여, 최근에는 250MW 이상 출력의 상용화급 플랜트를 가동 또는 건설 중에 있으며, 머지않아 상업화에 도달할 전망이다. 또한 국내에서도 최근 전력 수요의 급증과 전 세계적으로 확산되고 있는 환경 규제의 강화 등으로 우리의 실정에 맞는 IGCC 공정의 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. (중략)

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제12권11호
• /
• pp.1119-1123
• /
• 2006

The flame image processing and analysis system has been investigated for the optimal pulverized coal firing of thermal power plant, especially for lower nitrogen oxide generation and more safe operation. We aimed at gaining the relationship between burner flame image information and emissions of nitrogen oxide and unburned carbon in furnace utilizing the flame image processing methods, by which we quantitatively determine the condition of combustion on the individual humors. Its feasibility test was undertaken with a pilot furnace for coal firing, through which the system was observed to be effective for the monitoring of the combustion condition of pulverized coal firing boilers.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
• /
• 제49권10호
• /
• pp.570-576
• /
• 2000

The discharge and the collection efficiency characteristics of an electrostatic precipitator have been studied under various operating conditions. The specific resistivity of pulverized coal dust was about 1013∼1014[${\Omega}{\cdot}cm$] and reached the maximum value of 6${\times}$1013[${\Omega}{\cdot}cm$] at 150[$^{\circ}C$]. Back corona has been occurred as dust contents and gas temperature increase. In the case of back corona occurrence, collection effciency decreased rapidly. This problem has been solved by increasing moisture contents. Experimental results showed that collection efficiency of the full wave voltage was higher than that of the pulse wave voltage. The modification parameter k of the collection efficiency equation was about 0.42.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
• /
• pp.967-972
• /
• 2001

The emission of $NO_{x}$ during coal combustion is a major reason of environment impact. $NO_{x}$ is an acid rain precursor and participates in the generation of smog through ozone production. $NO_{x}$ can be divided into thermal $NO_{x}$, fuel $NO_{x}$ and prompt $NO_{x}$. Thermal $NO_{x}$ is formed in a highly temperature condition dependent. Fuel $NO_{x}$ is dependent on the local combustion characteristics and initial concentration of nitrogen bound compound, while prompt $NO_{x}$ is formed in a significant quantity in some combustion environments, such as low temperature and short residence times. This paper presents numerical simulation of the flow and combustion characteristics in the furnace of a tangential firing boiler of 500MW with burners installed at the every comer of the furnace. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reduction of $NO_{x}$ emission in a 500MW pulverized coal tangential firing boiler with different OFA's and burner angles. Calculations with different air flow rates of over fired air(OFA) and burner angles are performed.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2004년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
• /
• pp.535-537
• /
• 2004

The flame image processing and it's analysis system has been developed for optimal coal firing of thermal power plant, especially for reducing NOx and safe operations. We aimed at gaining the relationship between burner flame image, emissions of NOx and LOI(Loss on ignition) in furnace by utilizing the flame image processing methods. And the relationship determines quantitatively the conditions of combustion on the individual burners. The test was conducted on Samchonpo thermal power plant #4 unit(560MW) of KOSEP which has 24 burners. The system simplified the burner adjustment works in accordance with the real time trending of flame behavior like NOx profiles and unburned carbon profiles for individual burners. But, This kind of conventional method increases the cost as the number of burner are increased. Also there is a difficulty to measure exhausted gas of each burner because of measurement errors. This paper intends to propose the useful "Flame Monitoring System" that can find Low NOX and LOI at the upper furnace and to compare with the conventional System.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.373-378
• /
• 2003

It is important that overheat protection of super heated tube in boiler operation and maintenance. The overheat of super heat tube can make damage and rupture of tube material, which causes accidental shutdown of boiler. The super heated tube overheat is almost due to the lack of uniformity of gas temperature distribution. There are two ways to protect overheat of super heated tube. The one is to control hot gas operation pattern which is temperature or flow distribution. the other is to control super heated steam flow distribution. The former is difficult than the later, because of control device design. In this paper steam flow control method which uses orifices is proposed to protect overheat of super heat tube.

• 한국연소학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.30-38
• /
• 2016

Flame structure of co-firing coal and palm kernel shell (PKS) was investigated in a pulverized coal swirl burner by particle image velocimetry (PIV). The pulverized coal swirl flame is operated with a PKS blending ratio of 10%, 20%, and 30%. For all operating conditions, flame structures such as internal recirculation zone (IRZ), outer recirculation zone (ORZ), and exhaust tube vortex (ETV) were observed. In the center of flame, the strong velocity gradient is occurred at the stagnation point where the volatile gas combustion actively takes place and the acceleration is increased with higher PKS blending ratio. OH radical shows the burned gas region at the stagnation point and shear layer between IRZ and ORZ. In addition, OH radical intensity increases for a co-firing condition because of high volatile matter from PKS. Because the volatile gas combustion takes place at lower temperature, co-firing condition (more than 20%) leads to oxygen deficiency and reduces the combustibility of coal particle near the burner. Therefore, increasing PKS blending ratio leads to higher OH radical intensity and lower temperature.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.268-274
• /
• 2010

유해대기오염물질인 중금속의 배출은 그 위해성으로 인해 엄격한 법적 규제를 하는 등 지대한 관심이 기우려지고 있다. 무연탄을 사용하는 상용 화력발전시설로부터 배출되는 중금속의 농도 및 배출특성에 대한 연구를 실시하였다. 대상 발전시설은 순환 유동층 연소로, 싸이클론, 보일러, 전기집진기 설비로 구성되었고 가스상 수은을 포함한 주요 중금속의 농도를 측정하기 위해 분진과 가스상 시료를 전기집진기(ESP) 전단과 연돌에서 측정하였다. 총 먼지량(TPM), PM-10, PM-2.5와 같은 입자상 물질의 배출량은 ESP 전단에서 각각 23,274, 9,555, $7,790mg/Sm^3$로 매우 높았으며, 이는 예측했던 바와 같이 미분탄 화력발전소보다 높은 수치였다. 그러나 ESP에 의한 먼지의 제거효율이 높기 때문에 연돌에서의 총 먼지량은 $0.16mg/Sm^3$ 정도였다. 마찬가지로 중금속 배출량 또한 ESP에서 높은 제거효율을 보였다. 입도분포와 입경 범위 별 중금속 농축 정도에 대한 데이터를 살펴볼 때 일부 금속의 농도는 작은 입경 범위에서 더 농축된 것을 보여 입자의 크기와 상관관계를 지어 볼 수 있었다. 수은의 경우 다른 금속들과 다르게 높은 휘발성 때문에 대부분이 가스 상태로 배출되며 그로 인하여 수은의 제거효율은 68% 정도로 다른 중금속들에 대한 제거효율보다 낮았다. ESP를 지나면서 수은 화학종이 원소수은에서 산화수은으로 변하는 것이 확인되었으며, 그로 인하여 습식세정탑이 설비된 다른 석탄 화력발전소에서는 원소 수은이 지배적인 데 반해 본 시설의 경우 연돌에서 총 수은의 절반 정도만 원소수은이었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.38-45
• /
• 2009

Oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal is one of the promising new technologies to reduce $CO_2$ and NOx from coal combustion. However, the stability of pulverized coal flame is reduced in the oxy-fuel combustion. This flame stability is concerned with the flame propagation that is affected by surrounding gas and coal characteristics, such as gas temperature, gas composition, coal volatile, coal activation energy and coal size. In this paper, a study on the influence of surrounding gas and coal characteristics on the flame propagation velocity in oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal was preformed. One dimensional model was used to calculate the flame propagation velocity of pulverized coal clouds. In this model, the radiation is considered to be the main source of heat exchange, and Monte Carlo method was adopted for accurate calculation of radiation heat flux. It was found that the flame propagation velocity become higher with the decrease of coal activation energy and the increase of coal volatile. Also, according to the increase of gas temperature and $O_2$ concentration, flame propagation velocity increased.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2020

대규모 화력 발전소 제어용 시뮬레이터 개발은 급수/증기 계통, 공기/연소가스 계통, 미분탄 계통 및 터빈/발전기 계통으로 구성되며, 기계적인 터빈/발전기를 제외하고 모든 계통에 대하여 모델링이 가능하다. 현재까지 화력발전의 일부 계통에 대한 신경망 시뮬레이터 개발에 대한 시도는 있었으나 전체 계통에 대한 시뮬레이터 개발은 완성된 적이 없다. 특히 모든 발전사의 핵심 기술 개발중 하나인 오토튜닝은 정확도가 높은 모든 계통에 대한 모델링이 완성되어야 이룰 수 있는 기술이다. 이에 본 논문은 신경망 알고리즘을 이용하여 시스템을 설계할 경우 가장 핵심인 입출력 관계에 대한 변수를 모든 계통에 대하여 정의하였다. 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과 실제 보일러 계통의 95~99% 이상 정확도를 보임에 따라 본 시뮬레이터에 현장 PID 제어기를 결합할 경우 고장진단이나 오토튜닝에 활용 가능할 것이다.