• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.521-536
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• 2017

Many artists who led European Modernism had emigrated to America from Europe in 1930's after Nazi gave many limitations on art activities. Those artists became professors at the American Universities and started to do design work. So that European Modernism started to be known and gave much influences in America. The designers who was influenced by European artists have stood out in their design work from 1950's. Herb Lubalin, Paul Land, Bradbury Thomson, Saul Bass etc are as the representative designers. Herb Lubalin is one of the most famous graphic designer in 1970's. This study researched historical background how European modernism design has influenced to America. And then analyzed about Herb Lubalin who has influenced from European modernism and led 1960,70's American graphic design. Herb Lubalin identified that typography can be used not only for its original communication function but also the visual expression. Herb Lubalin made numerous new typography expression with his variety experimental sprit and creativity. Also his many different kind of experimental typography raised up a printing techniques in this period.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.159-163
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• 2008

Recently, typography in Korea has been varied. Among them, after 2005 a new trend caligraphy has appeared and in reality people discussed that this has been occurred as a coincidence. However, as a view of one who is interested in Hangeul typography, born of Hangeul caligraphy is not a coincidence. It is because computerizing of Hangeul has been later than U.S. or Japan. Korea was colonized by Japan and experienced the Korean War and economical independence got late and cultural independence got late as well. Our language, Hangeul was independenced in the beginning of 1990's after computer was introduce and original letter of Hangeul was scanned and basic standard was built. From the end of 80's there were many efforts for independence of Hangeul but there were problems on hardware side than software side. In the beginning of 90's basic fonts such as Myungjo or Gothic of Choi Jung-ho's fonts were set for computer hardware, but later 90's can be called as a time for distributing designed fonts for that new fonts that were planned and applying new ideas on fonts were done. In 2000 the two major font company in Korea Sandoll Communication and Yoon Design Institute made a fonts such as When branding had to be done by designer, typo must be written so adjusting size and moving baseline made old style and caligraphy fonts to be born. These cycling process has been natural motive for nowadays' caligraphy and these two major companies' role has made caligraphy to be popular.