• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.82-91
• /
• 2013

This study was performed in order to analysis the landscape change and cause of scenic sites and surrounding environment is located in the Urban Residential Area since modern. The study was carried out using of field observations, literature review, cadaster map analysis from 1962 to 2010, and survey. It trace about Seongnagwon, Mapo Choi Sa-Young's old house, Seoul Seonjamdanji, Seoul Hanyang castle and those can be process of change per period. Also, it examine to original view of cultural assets and analysis about lots alteration with landscape alteration. Seongnagwon has original view which constructed the Songseokjeong and pond in 1954. Mapo Choi Sa-Young's old house has original view that move to Sungbook-dong and restore an old house. Seoul Seonjamdanji has it define original view that remained ruins by 1960's development. Seoul Hanyang castle has original view that stone fortress. Seongnagwon's landscape was changed by institutional factors. Mapo Choi Sa-Young house's landscape was changed by society economic factors. Seoul Seonjamdanji was changed by society economic and institutional factors. Seoul Hanyang castle was changed by technical and institutional factors. Generally cultural heritage of Sungbook-dong was changed by institutional and society economic factors. It is guessed that Seoul urban planning influenced Sungbook-dong development. The establishment of capitalistic economy system was backgrounds to it. Therefore, it expect to realized desirable landscape alteration that recognized potential value as culture resources.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.4-29
• /
• 2015

To protect cultural heritages from damage and destruction, evaluating the crime prevention environments is considered extremely important. This study analyzed the crime patterns related to cultural heritages, classified the crime environments by their types, and deduced the elements of the CPTED(Crime Prevention Through Environment Design), aiming to present the indices for evaluating the crime prevention environments. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the crimes related to cultural heritages that must be prevented were identified as the night time trespassing and arson. According to the results of the analysis of external environments based on crime actions, the crime prevention environments of cultural heritages were classified into 10 types. Second, the important evaluation principles of the cultural heritage CPTED were the access control, surveillance reinforcement and the surrounding environment. Third, the access control that cover the internal region, boundary, external region and surroundings were classified into 22 indices. The surveillance reinforcement covers natural, organized and mechanical surveillance with 21 indices. Fourth, the applicability of the CPTED evaluation index was presented according to the types of the cultural crime prevention environments. The results confirmed that the maximum 43 indices were applicable to the seowon(lecture hall), hyanggyo(Confucian school), and gwana(district government office), and the minimum 10 indices, to the ramparts. Finally, the 43 indices were applied to Donam Seowon to validate their applicability. The results confirmed that most of the indices were applicable with the partial supplements. The evaluation index presented in this study is likely to contribute to studies in the cultural heritage CPTED field and to the protection of cultural heritages. Furthermore, this study is considered significant because it unleashed continuous concerns on and developments of CPTED. However, as the field survey to validate the applicability of the indices was limited to only one type, it may require further objective verification such as through an expert's examination of the validity and applicability of the evaluation index. In addition, to accommodate the index in related policies and systems, more precise verifications of the indices by type are considered necessary.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.5
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 1971

현재상태(現在狀態)에서 기온(氣溫)과 그 관계(關係)의 영역을 결정(決定)함에 있어서 우리는 아직도 실험(實驗)에 의한 충분(充分)한 자료(資料)를 우리 수중(手中)에 갖고 있지 않은데 그 자료(資料)는 극히 방대하고 시간(時間)이 소요되는 것으로서 그 자료(資料)를 모으는 일은 이런 자료(資料)를 현실화(現實化)시키는데 필요(必要)할 것이다. 현재(現在)의 예술품(藝術品)에서 부식(腐蝕)을 관찰(觀察)함으로서 이미 지금(至今)까지 얻어진 실험(實驗)에 의한 사실(事實)들로부터 또 물질(物質)은 락(落)한다는 일반적(一般的)인 인식(認識)과 더불어 이미 고려한 특별(特別)한 자연현상(自然現象)으로부터 우리는 문화재(文化財)의 보호(保護)에 합리적(合理的)으로 알맞다고 여겨지는 기후조건(氣候條件)의 영역을 결정(決定)할 수 있다. 일본(日本)에서는 곤충(昆蟲)과 곰팡이 때문에 발생(發生)하는 손해(損害)도 결코 무시(無視)되어지지 않으며 이 손해(損害)들을 피하기 위하여 20℃ 이하(以下)의 기온(氣溫)과 60% 이하(以下)의 상대습도(相對濕度)의 제한은 바람직하다. 물질(物質)은 형태(形態)에 있어서 보다 낮은 기온(氣溫)과 보다 낮은 습도(濕度)의 변화(變化)에 관(關)한 이론(理論)상의 일반적(一般的)인 상식(常識)과 실험(實驗)에 의한 사실(事實)들은 보다 낮은 기온(氣溫)은 문화재(文化財)를 이루는 물질(物質)의 상태(狀態)에 변화(變化)를 일으키지 않는다는 것을 말해준다. 금속이나 일본(日本)칠기와 같은 몇몇 특별(特別)한 예외는 있지만 권위자는 일반적(一般的)으로 그 물체(物體)를 위해서 10~20℃의 기온(氣溫)과 50~60%의 상대습도(相對濕度)의 영역을 추천(推薦)한다.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.35-50
• /
• 2022

The Korean cultural heritage protection act, enacted in 1962, is known to have been enacted in imitation of the Japanese cultural heritage protection act. The Japanese law differs from the current law dealing with intangible cultural heritage, folklore materials, and buried cultural properties. The Japanese law was enacted in consultation with the GHQ, and reflected the historical issues at the time of the enactment. Recently, in Japan, GHQ documents have been released and so research on the cultural heritage protection act is carried out. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the meaning and achievements of the Japanese cultural heritage protection act before comparing it with the Korean law. GHQ stipulated the emperor as a symbolic entity in the Japanese constitution and prescribed the country as a liberal democracy. Influenced by this, the cultural heritage protection act was enacted to identify the people's cultural heritage. Accordingly, the cultural heritage protection committee is a private and independent organization in Japan. The committee designates cultural heritage assets, and it operates as the national museum and the cultural heritage research institute. This system was a part of policy changes shifting cultural heritage management to the private sector. Since many cultural heritages are associated with the imperial family, museums were managed by the imperial family. Meanwhile, the Japanese house of councillors persuaded GHQ, which was negative about including intangible cultural heritage in the cultural heritage protection act. The purpose of this idea was to provide the system of the government support for Japanese imperial court music and dance. In addition, folk materials were included with the consent of the GHQ in that they represent the cultural heritages and the academic achievements of the people at the time in Japan. According to the Korean Law, the subject of designation of cultural heritage is the government, and the cultural heritage committee acts as an advisory body with its limited functions. In the early days, the committee confused the concept of intangible cultural heritage and folklore materials. This was because the concepts of cultural property was borrowed from Japanese law and applied to the Korean law without a full understanding. In response, the cultural heritage committee urged the ministry to investigate the current situation in Japan. The cultural heritage committee, mainly consisting of folklore scholars, was confused about the concepts of intangible cultural heritage and folklore materials, but the concept became clear when the enforcement regulations of the cultural heritage protection Act was enacted in 1964.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2009.12a
• /
• pp.49-52
• /
• 2009

최근 지방 도시들이 지역의 전통 문화와 문화재 그리고 이들과 연관된 지역 문화축제에 관심을 기울이면서 조선시대 각 읍치에 설치되었던 관영시설(官營施設)들을 복원 정비하고 있다. 지방 관영시설의 복원 정비후 대두되는 중요한 과제는 무엇보다 그의 활용 문제라 할 수 있는데, 이와 관련하여 과거 읍치의 관영시설에서 행해졌던 행례의 재현이 자주 거론되고 있다. 그러나 증폭된 관심과 현실적 요구에 비하여 관련분야의 연구는 극히 미약한 실정이다. 이는 무엇보다 관련 자료가 매우 적고 제한적이란 점에 기인한 것으로 관련 자료의 발굴 검토가 중요한 선결 과제로 대두되고 있다. 본고는 이러한 점에 중점을 두고 조선시대 지방관이 작성한 일기류(日記類)를 발굴하여 그 내용을 조사 검토하였으며, 검토된 일기류를 토대로 지방 읍치시설의 이용과 관련된 내용을 살펴 향후 지방관 작성 일기류가 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2011

While consolidants based on tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) have been widely used for the consolidation of decaying stone heritages, TEOS-based consolidants suffer from practical drawbacks, such as crack formation of the gel during the drying phase due to the developed capillary force. We have prepared new TEOS-based consolidants containing flexible (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) in order to reduce capillary force development during gel drying. In this study, we have prepared TEOS/GPTMS-based consolidants containing ETEOS in order to improve the surface hydrophobisity. The physical properties of the TEOS/GPTMS/ETEOS solution with different hydrolysis were compared with those of the commercial products Wacker OH$^{(R)}$. The contact angle of the surface increased with the addition of the ETEOS, which is higher than that of Wacker OH$^{(R)}$. The sol-gel mechanism was manipulated by the degree of hydrolysis as well as the amount of ETEOS. The properties and the applicability of the developed consolidants for the decayed Korean granites are also investigated.

• 방재와보험
• /
• s.125
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 2008

어느 누구도 누군가가 숭례문의 담을 넘어가 불을 질러 무너뜨릴 것이라고 생각하지 못했다. 숭례문에 관련된 사람들뿐만 아니라 불을 지른 방화범도 이렇게 피해가 크게 될 것이라고 예상치 못했을 것이다. 2008년 2월 10일 20시 50분 숭례문에서 연기가 나오고 있다는 신고 후 모두의 염원과 노력에도 불구하고 약 5시간 후인 익일 2시 5분경 숭례문은 훨훨 타 지붕이 무너졌고 사람들은 멍하니 바라볼 수밖에 없었다. 모든 국민이 이번 화재사건을 안타까워하겠지만, 그중 가장 마음이 아픈 사람은 현장에서 활동하였던 소방관이 아닐까 라는 생각이 든다.

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
• /
• 1996.09a
• /
• pp.65-66
• /
• 1996

동굴은 모두가 지구과학적인 면에서, 그리고 물리, 화학, 기상, 생물학적 인 면에서 그밖에도 고고학적인 측면에서도 현실적인 현지 학습장으로 등장하고 있다. 선사시대의 주거지였던 동굴, 변화가 적은 동굴 속의 기온, 그리고 진화가 느린 특수한 동굴 생물, 화학적인 용식과 물리적인 침식작용, 그밖에도 이들 작용에 의한 동굴미지형과 이들을 덮고 있는 지질구조 등 그 모든 것들이 우리들의 모든 학술 연구와 실험실습의 대상이 되고 있어, 그대로 현실과 진실을 관찰할 수 있는 현장이 바로 동굴인 것이다.(중략)

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.471-479
• /
• 2018

Seonunsa Temple is a site of Dancheong cultural significance in Daewoongjeon. Three-dimensional (3D) scanning can be used to create a simulation in 1:1 ratio without touching the Dancheong patterns directly. The traditional method of recreating Dancheong was paining with tracing paper using a fix pin. However, manual direct copy processes can cause and damage to the objects. This study shows the results of a simulation of a tranditional Dancheong patterns as an alternative; the simulation was able to reduce dimensional errors and prevent damage by using 3D scanning. As a result, objective and precise proportions of the simulation were acquired. The 3D scanning method may be applied for work such as the replication and restoration of the drawing, 3D fabrication of the original data, and printing of the additional drawing. In addition, with the production of 3D materials, a virtual museum is possible.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2018

The result of the study on the origin and preservation status of the 'Gongju Junghakdong old missionary house', the Registered Cultural Property No. 233, reveals that the building was approved on October 23, 1921, and missionary Alice H. Sharp was living in the building until her retirement from her missionary life of 39 years in Korea in 1939. In order to review internal and external preservation status of the building, condition of wood material, the composition of the window, the damage of the wall, and the leaning of the building were examined. In particular, in the case of window facilities, it is necessary to restore it to the original upper and lower sliding window. As a result of investigation of the preservation status of the external facilities, it is necessary to restore the original shape of the staircase and a deck of the building on south western side and the well. In addition, the results of the non-destructive diagnosis of the ground revealed that the building was built on uneven surface layer of 2-5 m thickness and the boundary between the surface layer and the upper part of the weathered rock is inclined following geomorphology. This phenomenon shows that when the water content of the ground increases in the rainy season, the bearing capacity of the ground is lowered, and there is a possibility of uneven subsidence. Especially, landslides may occur in case of heavy rain. Therefore, it is desirable to install a masonry facility at the southwest boundary of the site, and it is recommended to install a drainage facility to ensure rapid drainage.