• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.43-55
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate conservation and management methods of the Joseon Royal Tombs in the Middle District. Urbanization has damaged many of the original terrains as many buildings and facilities have entered the inner and outer area of Joseon Royal Tombs. Land purchase, relocation and demolition of the building are required for the recovery of the Royal Tombs area, and then it is necessary to recover the original terrain. In the case of land use and pathways, there were many land use which harmed the sacred atmosphere of the area, and many disconnection of the ritual circulation, they should be maintained to remind the sacred atmosphere of the royal tomb. The water system should be changed to natural type canal, and it is necessary to collect accurate information on the lost buildings and stoneworks through literature survey and excavation investigation, and then lead to the exposure or restoration of the ruins. Historical forests require periodic and ongoing monitoring and management, and it is necessary to establish a historical and cultural museum that can provide to visitors information about Joseon Royal Tombs. These works should be classified into short, medium and long-term projects with a long perspective to implement continuous and systematic projects.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.219-232
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to find characteristics of $Pinus$ $densiflora$ forests in previous records and cultural landscape regions and to establish a management method for recovery of $P.$ $densiflora$ landscape. A total of 16 landscape paintings were analyzed to study $P.$ $densiflora$ forests in Inwangsan(Mt.) shown in figure data. As a result of analyzing figure data, $P.$ $densiflora$ $forests$ were found to be distributed mainly in the ridge line of east slope side of Inwangsan(Mt.) from landscape paintings of Jung Seon, Jang Si Heung and Gang Hee Un. In order to analyze the landscape of $P.$ $densiflora$ forests shown in photograph data on Inwangsan(Mt.), photographs of Inwangsan(Mt.) since late 1800s were searched and a total of 24 photographs were used for analysis. As a result of photographic analysis, $P.$ $densiflora$ forests were found to be distributed mainly in the low area and ridge line of western slope side of Inwangsan(Mt.). As a result of analyzing the distribution status of 10 cultural heritages of Inwangsan(Mt.), cultural heritages in the mountain were mainly established with rocks and $P.$ $densiflora$ forests as the background and are establishing their landscape not only as a form of cultural heritage but also including the natural landscape in the background. A method of restoring cultural landscape of P. densiflora forests was necessary. As a result of analyzing 26 rock beds of Inwangsan(Mt.), most of $P.$ $densiflora$ forests were distributed nearby rock beds since the past. Among such regions, restoration and management of introduced species in the accumulated soil regions to $P.$ $densiflora$ forests were deemed necessary. As a result of analyzing current vegetation of $P.$ $densiflora$ forest areas of the past, 51.87% of areas maintained $P.$ $densiflora$ forest and 25.80% were changed to artificial forests. Most of low areas of the mountain were turned into urban area (10.16%). Management type for restoration of $P.$ $densiflora$ landscape of Inwangsan(Mt.) was classified into preservation, $P.$ $densiflora$ restoration and maintenance. Preservation management was configured as $P.$ $densiflora$ distribution and rocky area distribution. The targets of $P.$ $densiflora$ restoration were indigenous broad-leaf trees, vegetation areas with introduced species and damaged regions within the mountain. The targets of maintenance were urban area in the low area of Inwangsan(Mt.) and military base at the top of the mountain.