• Smart Media Journal
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.24-29
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• 2018

Text analysis technique for natural language processing in deep learning represents words in vector form through word embedding. In this paper, we propose a method of constructing a document vector and classifying it into spam and normal text message, using word embedding and deep learning method. Automatic spacing applied in the preprocessing process ensures that words with similar context are adjacently represented in vector space. Additionally, the intentional word formation errors with non-alphabetic or extraordinary characters are designed to avoid being blocked by spam message filter. Two embedding algorithms, CBOW and skip grams, are used to produce the sentence vector and the performance and the accuracy of deep learning based spam filter model are measured by comparing to those of SVM Light.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.266-279
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose machine printed character recognition methods which utilize the character type information and divide the character clusters. The characters are subdivided into a total of seven types, of which six types are for Hangul according to the grapheme combination fashions and one type for English characters, numerals, and symbols. According to the character type, we separate input character image into several recognition units and recognize them by using the direction angle feature. The recognition for each character type is completed by combining recognition units which are recognized by neural networks respectively For combining a total of seven character recognizers, we implemented seven methods such as switching method, integrating method, and their several variants. As experimental results, we obtained 98.2% recognition rate of simple switching method, 90.54% of integrating one, and between 97.35% and 98.65% of five variants.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.179-189
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• 1995

To make vector data from a map which has no negative plates by using vectoring tool, it is necessary that we can extract objects to be vectorized from a scanned map. In this paper, we studied on extracting vectoring objects from scanned color maps. To do this, we classified vectoring objects into three types : line type, filled - area type and character/symbol type. To make the extraction method effective, we analyzed characteristics of vectoring objects and color distribution in scanned color maps. Then, we applied these characteristics to designing process of the extraction method. To extract the line type object, our line tracing method was designed by using the masks which considered connectivity and geometrical characteristics of lines. By using the local thresholding method and the similarity function for comparing the color distribution between two NxN blocks, we extracted character/symbol and the filled-area objects effectively. The method proposed in this paper can be used for constructing the small scale GIS application economically using existing color maps.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-106
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• 2005

History of mathematics must be analysed to discuss mathematical reality and thinking. Analysis of history of mathematics is the method of understanding mathematical activity, by these analysis can we know how historically mathematician' activity progress and mathematical concepts develop. In this respects, we investigate teaching algebra through historico-genetic analysis and propose historico-genetic analysis as alternative method to improve of teaching school algebra. First the necessity of historico-genetic analysis is discussed, and we think of epistemological obstacles through these analysis. Next we focus two concepts i.e. letters(unknowns) and negative numbers which is dealt with school algebra. To apply historico-genetic analysis to school algebra, some historical texts relating to letters and negative numbers is analysed, and mathematics educational discussions is followed with experimental researches.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.253-255
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 한글, 숫자, 영문자, 기호 통이 혼용된 컬러용 품지 또는 A4지 처방전을 자동으로 인식하는 시스템을 설계하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 구현하기 위해 먼저 처방전을 스캐너를 이용하여 스캔하고 컬러 정보를 이용하여 회전된 처방전을 보정한 다음 처방전의 종류를 결정한다. 그리고, 문자의 형태학적 특징에 따라 한글과 그 외의 문자(비한글)를 구분한다. 그리고, 구분된 비한글의 경우는 다양할 특징 벡터를 이용한 가중 페널티 방법을 이용하여 인식한다

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.211-214
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• 2003

지도는 기호, 주기, 색상, 경위선, 축척 등과 같은 여러 요소들을 사용하여 지도 사용자들에게 다양한 지리적 사상들(geographic features)의 존재와 그들의 상관관계를 전달하는 일종의 의사소통 수단이다(황철수, 2002). 주기(label)는 $\ulcorner$지역, 인공물, 자연물의 고유명칭 및 고유명이 없는 것의 종류 또는 상태 등을 표시하는 설명 및 표고와 등고선수치 등을 문자 또는 숫자로서 표기하는 것1)$\lrcorner$, 즉 지도에 나타나는 사상들에 대해 설명하기 위해 입력되는 문자열을 의미하는 것으로 지도의 여러 가지 요소들 중에서도 가장 직접적이고 구체적으로 사상을 표현할 수 있는 요소이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.199-203
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• 2006

Typography's original meaning was printing by a plate or a printing type. Nowadays, Typography covers graphic design that composes types visually. Typography has an important mean because of two functions-linguistic and image building functions. Typography helps conveying information and making images. As new media appears, audio-visual factors take an important role. Therefore Typography's image building function be more important than linguistic function. This thesis will handle the relationship between typography and game contents. How typography is described through game contents and how typography's meaning are explained in game contents are topics. And typography's functions and factors on On-line game will be discussed.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.109-128
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• 2021

This paper is to explore considerations in authority control to accommodate LRM nomen entities through the literature reviews, the analysis of RDA rules, and the opinion survey of domestic catalog experts. As a result, for authority control, considerations were proposed in the aspect of nomen's attribute elements, catalog description, and MARC authority format. First, it is necessary to describe in as much detail as possible the category, the scheme, intended audience, the context of use, the reference source, the language, the script, the script conversion as the attributes of the nomen with the status of identification, note, and indifferentiated name indicators added in RDA. Second, the description method of attribute elements and relational elements of nomen can be unstructured, structured, identifier, and IRI as suggested in RDA, and vocabulary encoding scheme (VES) and string encoding scheme (SES) should be written for structured description, Also, cataloging rules for structuring authorized access points and preferred names/title should be established. Third, an additional expansion plan based on Maxwell's expansion (draft) was proposed in order to prepare the MARC 21 authority format to reflect the LRM nomen. (1) The attribute must be described in 4XX and 5XX so that the attribute can be entered for each nomen, and the attributes of the nomen to be described in 1XX, 5XX and 4XX are presented separately. (2) In order to describe the nomen category, language, script, script conversion, context of use, and date of usage as a nomen attribute, field and subfield in MARC 21 must be added. Accordingly, it was proposed to expand the subfield of 368, 381, and 377, and to add fields to describe the context of use and date of usage. The considerations in authority control for the LRM nomen proposed in this paper will be the basis for establishing an authority control plan that reflects LRM in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.347-352
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• 1998

도로표지뿐만 아니라 각종 위험표지, 그리고 복사기$\cdot$전기제품$\cdot$카메라$\cdot$자동차등의 조작방법과 의류품의 세탁방법 등에 이르기까지 형상을 사용하여, 그 의미개념을 이해시키는 기호는 그림문자라고 부르고 있다 또, 그림표시라든가, 기호, 마크, 표지, 심볼 등과 같이 다양한 단어로 불려지고 있는데, 이렇게 많은 단어가 사용되는 이유는 사회의 넓은 분야에 걸쳐 사용되고 있기 때문이다. (중략)

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.397-405
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to organize the system of special characters as UX/UI icon design elements, thus laying the groundwork for improvement direction for unclear use regulations. This study examines the theoretical background of UX/UI design and special characters and discovers UX/UI design and special characters' relations and assignments. Besides, the case study summarizes the system of special characters being utilized in the company's UX/UI icon design guidelines to produce the study results. As a result of the analysis, the special character types being utilized in UX/UI were graphic characters, mathematical symbols, punctuation marks, and parentheses. And the special characters commonly used in analysis cases, iOS, Android, and Windows, are ▶, ♥, ★, ○, ⊙, +, ×, ⋯. So this study organizes the common characters to standardize them. Hopefully, this study contributes to increasing the interest in the study of 'special characters' in the UX/UI design field and helps establish a framework for future industrial standards.