• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1039-1055
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• 2012

It is required for us to enhance the national cyber capability as the worldwide countries have been doing effort to strengthen their cyber capabilities. However, we are encountering the difficulty in estimating national cyber capability due to the absence of any cyber capability assessment methodology. This paper presents the national cyber capability assessment methodology which is used for settle up national cyber policy. We also introduce the result of five major nations(US, China, Japan, Russia, Korea)' cyber capability assessment using the proposed methodology. The methodology is developed using open data and includes three areas; base capability, attack capability and defense capability. The assessment result shows the in the order of US, China, Korea, Russia, Japan. As the analysis of that result, in order to enhance the our cyber capability, we recommend that first, cyber budget and human resources for the base capability should be more invested, second, the strategy for attack capability enhancement is strongly required and lastly, the patch ratio and security monitoring level should be upgraded.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2020

Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with glyphosate poisoning has a poor prognosis. This study aimed to predict the risk factors for AKI in patients with glyphosate poisoning at the emergency department (ED). Methods: Clinical data on glyphosate poisoning patients at ED who were older than 18 years were collected retrospectively between January 2013 and December 2019. The clinical characteristics and clinical outcomes of the AKI group in patients with glyphosate poisoning were compared with the non-AKI (NAKI) group. Results: Of 63 glyphosate poisoning patients, AKI was observed in 15 (23.8%). The AKI patients group showed the following: old age (p=0.038), low systolic blood pressure (p=0.021), large amount of ingestion (p=0.026), delayed hospital visits (p=0.009), high white blood cells (WBC) (p<0.001), high neutrophil counts (p<0.001), high neutrophil-lymphocyte (LN) ratios (p<0.001), high serum potassium (p=0.005), low arterial blood pH (p=0.015), and low pO2 (p=0.021), low bicarbonate (p=0.009), and high Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) (p<0.001). AKI patients required hemodialysis, ventilator care (p<0.001, p=0.002), and inotropics (p<0.001). They also showed more intensive care unit admission (p<0.001), longer hospitalization (p<0.001), and high mortality (p<0.001). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that high WBCs (OR, 1.223) and increased LN ratios (OR, 1.414) were independently associated with the occurrence of AKI. Conclusion: In patients with glyphosate poisoning at ED, high WBCs and increased LN ratios can help predict the occurrence of AKI.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.21-28
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• 2020

In this study, we reviewed the main strategies and contents of the work style innovation promoted by the Moon Jae-in government, and analyzed the contents and success factors of the work innovation based on the case of a specific local government. In particular, this study analyzes the case of innovation in the way of working through simplification of work, and the local governments, which were the subject of the study, received excellent evaluation in the government innovation evaluation of the Ministry of Public Administration and Security in 2019. In this study, we conducted in-depth interviews with employees of local governments to examine the problems, achievements, and success factors related to business simplification. First, it was found that it is very important to form consensus so that the members of the organization can participate in the change in order to simplify the task. Second, incentives, such as HR, were needed to induce active participation of members in the innovation project called Simplification of Work. Third, in order to induce and support organizational change, it was found that the interest and support of middle managers and directors were the most important factors. The results of this study will help to prepare the policy for innovation in the public sector's working style.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

Low-Orbit satellite mobile networks can provide services through miniaturized terminals with low transmission power, which can be used as reliable means of communication in the national public disaster network and defense sector. However, the high traffic environment in the emergency preparedness situation increases the new call blocking probability and the handover failure probability of the satellite network, and the increase of the handover failure probability affects the QoS because low orbit satellites move in orbit at a very high speed. Among the channel allocation methods of satellite communication, the FCA shows relatively better performance in a high traffic environment than DCA and is suitable for emergency preparedness situations, but in order to optimize QoS when traffic increases, the new call blocking and the handover failure must be minimized. In this paper, we propose LEO-DBC (LEO satellite dynamic beam width control) technique, which improves QoS by adaptive adjustment of beam width of low-orbit satellites and call time of terminals by improving FCA-QH method. Through the LEO-DBC technique, it is expected that the QoS of the mobile satellite communication network can be optimally maintained in high traffic environments in emergency preparedness situations.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 2021

Heavy metals exist in soils in various chemical forms including free metal ions and organo-metal complexes. The ratio of free metal ions has been known to be highly associated with the plant absorption of heavy metals. This study aims to understand the effect of free ions and organo-metal complexes on the absorption of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) by plants. For this, lettuce grown in a hydroponic system for 28 days was consequently grown another 48 hours using Pb and Cd solutions. The ratios of free ion to organo-metal complexes in the solutions were adjusted at 100:0, 90:10, 70:30, 60:40 by four different organic acids (citric, oxalic, acetic, and humic acid). After that, the concentration of Pb and Cd in lettuce were analyzed. The Pb and Cd absorption by lettuce was more relied on the types of organic acids treated and the type of metals rather than the ratio of free metal ions. For example, citric acid increased the Pb absorption while it decreased the Cd absorption by lettuce. There was no significant relationship between free metal ion ratios and both Pb and Cd uptake by lettuce. It could be explained that citric acid, a relatively higher molecular weight organic acid, has higher ion binding capacity, so it forms organo-Pb complex easily due to the higher affinity of Pb on the binding site in comparison with Cd. Consequently, this complexation would assist Pb uptake by lettuce.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the acoustic characteristics of Korean affricates produced by dysarthric speakers with cerebral palsy. Korean fricatives and affricates are the consonants that are prone to errors in dysarthric speech, but previous studies have focused only on fricatives. For this study, three affricates /tɕ, tɕ^h, ͈tɕ/ appearing at word initial and intervocalic positions produced by six mild-moderate male speakers of spastic dysarthria are selected from a QOLT database constructed in 2014. The parameters representing the acoustic characteristics of Korean affricates were extracted by using Praat: frication duration, closure duration, center of gravity, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and central moment. The results are as follows: 1) frication duration of the intervocalic affricates produced by dysarthric speakers was significantly longer than that of the non-disordered speakers; 2) the closure duration of dysarthric speakers was significantly longer; 3) in the case of the center of gravity, there was no significant difference between the two groups; 4) the skewness of the dysarthric speakers was significantly larger; and 5) the central moment of dysarthric speakers was significantly larger. This study investigated the characteristics of the affricates produced by dysarthric speakers and differences with non-disordered speakers.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.245-251
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• 2021

We determined the quality characteristics, acrylamide concentration, and antioxidant activity of Nurungji prepared using white rice, brown rice, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) brown rice, oats, and barley. The moisture content of Nurungji prepared using white rice was the lowest (1.48%) and the highest (6.53%) was obtained in barley Nurungji. The brightness (L^*) of white rice Nurungji was the highest, whereas that of GABA brown rice Nurungji was the lowest. The acrylamide concentration was the lowest (37.24 ㎍/g) in white rice Nurungji and the highest (255.50 ㎍/g) in oats Nurungji. The levels of total polyphenol and total flavonoid were the lowest in white rice Nurungji and high in oats and GABA brown rice Nurungji. The antioxidant activity was higher in Nurungji prepared using oats, GABA brown rice, brown rice, and barley than that using white rice. It is necessary to select an appropriate grain when preparing Nurungji by considering the amount of acrylamide produced.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2021

This study attempted to conduct the study from a macro perspective more specifically through the temporal and spatial analysis of Minbuk villages according to a change in a Civilian Control Line, such as a social and spatial distribution and a change of the existing Minbuk villages. To this end, this study conducted the spatial analysis for the change in the Minbuk villages according to the adjustment of the Civilian Control Line in time series by using a map of the Armistice Agreement Vol. 2, Google Earth, a digital cadastral map, an administrative district map, and the like are used as spatial data, and summarizing and constructing, as attribute data, a statistical yearbook, Ministry of Defense and Cheorwon-Gun notification data, a Land Use Regulation Information System, and cadastral map attribute information. After the enactment of the Military Facility Protection Act, the analysis was performed on a 20-year basis based on the 1976 statistical yearbook of which the Civilian Control Line was drawn. As a result, the total area of the Civilian Control Zone in Cheorwon from 1975 to 2015 decreased by 105.8 km², and 9 of 14 Minbuk villages were released and only 6 villages existed. The unoccupied villages were analyzed as 14 villages, 10 fewer than the existing surveyed or statistical villages. The movement of the Civilian Control Line to the north may disappear the unique characteristics of the Minbuk villages but should be done carefully as it is closely related to the lives of the current residents, and policies should be established in terms of sustainable development and conservation of the villages. This study is significant in conducting the temporal and spatial analysis, which is the basis of the Minbuk regions and the Minbuk villages, and may be used as basic data necessary for subsequent analysis study.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.43-58
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• 2021

This study analyzes the entrepreneurship policies of the previous Korean administrations from the perspective of the Policy Paradigm by Hall(1993). A total of 195 newspaper articles and 202 government documents were examined to identify policy paradigm shifts through an analysis of policy objectives, policy instruments, and changing quality of policy instruments by each administration. The first paradigm was built during the 5th and 6th Republic, where 'Support for Small and Medium Enterprise Establishment Act' was enacted in 1986 to promote and support start-ups in the manufacturing sector. Next is the so-called 'people's government' period where 'Act on Special Measures for the Promotion of Venture Businesses' was enacted to tackle the challenges posed during the 1997 Asian financial crisis. A new policy goal was set to promote and nurture venture companies seeking subsequent means to achieve it. The third paradigm shift took place during President Moon's administration in order to effectively respond to the issues stemming from the fourth industrial revolution and the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the overall revision of the 'Support for Small and Medium Enterprise Establishment Act', the scope of startups were expanded, new industries and technology startups were supported and promoted, and venture investment-related laws were streamlined. In addition, the Small and Medium Business Administration was promoted as the Ministry of SMEs and Startups, enabling them to take initiative in implementing startup policies. Particularly, this study focuses on examining the low survival rate of startup companies and the revitalization of private investment as rising policy issues for recent startups, and suggests the improvement direction due to startup policy paradigm shift.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.187-199
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• 2020

The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11. South Korea recorded 27,000 cases of the coronavirus illness, and more than 50 million coronavirus cases were confirmed all over the world. An epidemiological investigation becomes important once again due to the spread of COVID-19 infections. However, there were a number of confirmed coronavirus cases from Deagu and Gyeongbuk. Limitations of the epidemiological investigation methods were recognized. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency developed the Epidemiological Investigation Support System(EISS) to utilize the smart city data hub technology and utilized the system in the epidemiological investigation. As a part of EISS, The proposed system is big-data bsed epidemiological investigation support system processing mobile network data. The established system is the epidemiological investigation support system based on big data to process mobile carriers' big data. Processing abnormal values of mobile carriers' data which was impossible with existing staff or creating hotspot regions where more than two people were in contact with an infected person were realized. As a result, our system processes outlier of mobile network data in 30 seconds, while processes hotspot around in 10 minutes. as a first time to adapt and support bigdata system into epidemiological investigation, our system proposes the practical utilizability of big-data system into epidemiological investigation.