• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.66-74
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• 1992

규격은 제정 주체에 따라 사내표준, 단체규격, 국가규격, 지역규격 및 국제규격으로 분류된다. 시장경제의 블록화, 관세이외의 무역장벽 및 공업제품에 대한 품질향상의 요구확대등에 기인하여 공업규격에 대한 인식이 날로 증가하고 있다. 최근에는 ISO 9000 시리즈가 국내 공업제품의 생산활동과 수출활동에 미치는 영향에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이와 같은 상황에서 용접관련 규격의 현황을 파악하고 우리가 지향하는 목표를 설정하는 것은 중요한 일이다. 본 글에서 규 격의 종류를 개괄하고, 용접관련 규격이 각 공정에서 어떻게 적용되는가를 살폈으며, 끝으로 용 접학회가 규격활동에 정진하여야 함을 나타내고자 하였다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.568-582
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• 2011

This study aims to discover the characteristics of Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade, which involves various players. Through this characteristics, this study ultimately intends to identify an operational mechanism of Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade by investigating social capital as mobilized by small-scale traders. The results of this study can be expected to help understand how small-scale merchants address the uncertainty or risks surrounding their trade. Although it is an informal economic activity, the cross-border small-scale trade between South Korea and China is related to issues of the formal economy, such as job creation, benefits for local economies, and profit-seeking. Owing to this characteristics, small-scale trade is being conducted with the connivance of, or even with the tacit support from formal organizations, including municipal governments, customs, corporations, and shipping companies. Like trade in other countries, Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade also requires different types of social capital, such as family networks, ethnic networks, social networks, and trust.

• KDI북한경제리뷰
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.67-80
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• 2021

북한은 최근 당중앙위원회 제8기 제3차 정치국 확대 회의에서 주민들에게 필요한 소비품의 생산을 늘리기 위해 경공업 공장들에 원자재들을 우선 보장하는 규율을 확립하고, 소비품 생산과 공급을 계획적으로 실속 있게 조직하여야 한다는 것에 대하여 언급하였다. 이것은 코로나19로 모든 무역활동이 중지된 상황에서 필수품의 생산을 늘려 이에 대한 내수시장을 일정 정도 확보하려는 의도로 해석된다. 본고에서는 원자재 구매, 생산과 판매 등 은행을 통한 북한의 기업관리에서 수요자와 공급자 간에 실질적으로 적용되는 다양한 결제방법을 계좌(돈자리) 개설, 제출 단위와 적용 근거, 해당 서류들을 따라가며 고찰함으로써 북한기업의 실질적 운영에 대한 구체적인 이해를 돕고자 한다. 자료로는 관련 도서와 문헌, 북한 관련법, 간행물 등을 참고하였다.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.149-162
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• 1999

This article studies certain standards which have been developed for exchanging information about business and trading transactions, both nationally and internationally. In this context standards means standardised ways of representing trade information and standardised procedures for communicating it in computer-based environments. Early in the 1960s, the United Nations UN/ECE working party was formed. The purpose of the this organization was to simplify and standardize trade document. This organization eventually evolved into what is currently known as EDIFACT, the international EDI standards organization. EDIFACT is the basis for agreement on a common structure for documents such as those used for trading(e.g., orders, invoices), so that they can be interchanged electronically between computer systems. The standard was ratified in 1987 and has already been adopted by many EDI users for the earlier European and American standards for trading data interchange called UN/TDl and ANSI Xl2 respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.241-260
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• 2004

Trade portal site is one of the tools which makes it possible for small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) to manage international trade activities more efficiently by using the newest information and telecommunication technology. So Korean SMEs should utilize trade portal sites more actively to promote global competitive power. Based on the theory of service quality and an existing research related to using information technology. this research analyzed the primary factors which affect user's utilization satisfaction in using trade portal sites. According to the results of the empirical study on actual users of the representative trade portal sites by using multiple regression analysis, The primary factors, such as service quality, government policy and cost have affected user's utilization satisfaction in using trade portal site. and user's utilization satisfaction have positive effect on continuous using intention. These research results will provide many useful insights to the managers of trade portal sites, e-trade system developers and government policy makers.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.49-74
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• 2017

Drawing on the organizational learning theory, we argue that international patenting allows firms to assess the potential value of their innovation in host countries and find out latent local competitors. The information obtained from international patenting enables firms to make refined innovations that facilitate export performance. However, structural inertia and old knowledge can impede learning from international patenting. Thus, we expect larger firms and older firms to display greater reluctance to use the knowledge obtained from international patenting. Our empirical analysis of Korean pharmaceutical companies from 1998 to 2010 shows that international patent application increases export intensity but firm size and age weaken the positive effect of international patenting on export performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.184-190
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• 2020

In this study, two analyses were conducted in relation to the defense procurement agency. The first was a questionnaire survey conducted by defense business personnel to quantitatively measure the effectiveness of the defense procurement agency's utilization. In the second, the appropriate standard for brokerage fees was developed, the actual work of the defense procurement agency in overseas sales was surveyed, and the brokerage profit of the general product was applied to the defense procurement agency's brokerage profit data. Using the defense procurement agency was 1.07 times more effective than not using it, and the appropriate brokerage fee varied according to the project size. For medium / small projects, 5.1 ~ 8.7% of the total project cost is an appropriate brokerage fee, compared to 1.2 ~ 1.8% for big-scale projects. The government's appropriate brokerage fee is not fixed, but is elastically applied according to the size of the total project cost, and it is appropriate to analyze the characteristics of the project and identify and adjust the required activity cost in advance.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.13 no.6 s.54
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• pp.191-201
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• 1998

미국, 유럽 등 주요 선진국들은 WTO 체제 이후 단일화 된 정보통신 시장에서 기술적 장벽 없는 국가간 무역 교류 확대를 위해 상호인정 등을 추구하고, 이를 통해 국가간에 통용될 수 있는 효율적 시험인증제도를 구축, 운영하는데 모든 역량을 결집함으로써 국가 경쟁력 제고에 박차를 가하고 있다. 그러나, 우리나라는 정보통신 권고 표준 분야에 있어서 아직까지 범 국가적 차원의 시험인증제도가 그 모습을 드러내지 못하고 있어 공식적인 시험인증 활동이 이루어지지 못하고 있는 현실에 처해 있다. 이에 본 고에서는 정보통신 표준 분야에 있어서 국가간 무역 교류상의 기술적 장벽 제거를 통한 국가 경쟁력 제고는 물론 무역 교류 확대의 발판이 될 효율적 시험인증제도를 구축 및 운영함에 있어서 고려되어야할 몇 가지 사항들을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1985

지난 1983년 8월 본 학회지 제1권 제1호에 "일본 용접학회 및 용접협회의 활동"이란 박영조 회원의 기고가 있은지 벌써 2년이 지났다. 동 논문을 읽고 서독용접협회(Deutsher Verband fur Schweisstechnik:DVS)에 관한 소개도 생각케 되었으나 서독에 체제하고 있던 중에는 실행에 옮기지 못하고 귀국케 되었다. 정부의 미국 및 일본의 국가들에 대한 우리 나라의 국제무역 다변화 정책에 따라 국내 용접기술인들도 유럽 여러 나라들의 용접분야 활동에 관하여 알고 있을 필요성이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 유럽 여러 나라들중 특히 서독은 용접관련 활동이 매우 활발한 상태이다. 또한 중공에서도 용접관련 규격 및 시험검사 업무들을 서독 기준에 따라 정비하고 있으므로 서독 용접계에 관한 지식을 통하여 유럽과 중공의 용접분야에 대한 이해를 늘일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 이것이 또한 우리 대한용접학회(KWS) 활동을 더욱 활성화 시킬 수 있게 되기를 바라며 서독용접협회의 활동과 용접관련 자격제도에 관하여 간략한 소개를 하고자 한다.개를 하고자 한다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.253-280
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• 2012

Since China reformed and opened up itself, processing trade system has enormously contributed to chinese economic development and also become driving force of chinese economic growth. However, due to imbalance of industrial distribution, overproduction of labor-intensive product has expanded, and as a result, mass export of low-value-added products has aggravated trade friction. Also, these low-value-added products has caused environmental pollution and brought resource waste. On this, Chinese government start to modify system according to strategy for enhancement of processing trade. In this study, as a countermeasure of the Change of Chinese processing trade system, applicability of the bonded area is suggested. Firstly, even if a company's item is applied to prohibited or restricted items, the company can trade if through the bonded area. Secondly, even if a company has duty of deposit reservation, the company can be exempt from duty of deposit reservation if through the bonded area. Thirdly, as to importing facilities for processing trade, a company can receive more benefit through the bonded area than through outside of the bonded area.