• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2003

본 연구는 저열량 기능성 탄수화물 소재(저항전분, 식이섬유)를 이용하여 당뇨병 환자의 혈당과 지방대사를 조절하는데 도움을 줄 수 있는 치료식을 개발하기 위해 동물실험과 임상실험을 수행하여 제품의 혈당 및 지방대사 조절, 혈당조절호르몬, 장내기능조절 효과를 검증하였다. 또한 동물실험을 통해 대장에서 염증을 일으키는 것으로 알려진 deoxycholate (DOC)를 식이무게의 2%로 첨가하고, HAS는 일반전분의 50%로 대체시켰을 때 HAS가 DOC의 염증작용에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보아 HAS의 장기능 개선에 대한 기능성을 환인해보았고 저항전분이 혈당 및 혈액내 지질조성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 인체실험 연구결과는 저항 전분을 섭취한 군에서 체중이 유의적으로 감소하였고 비만도를 나타내는 BMI도 감소하여 개발된 선식제품의 체중감소 효과가 입증되었다. 당대사 결과는 동물실험의 경우는 저항전분을 섭취한 군에서 혈당감소를 나타내고 있으나 인체실험의 경우 선식제품 섭취 후 혈당과 인슐린의 농도가 영향을 받지 않았으며 혈액 내 지방성분은 동물실험에서는 혈액내 총지방과 중성지방이 저항전분 섭취시 감소하였고, 인체실험의 경우 저항전분 시제품 섭취 후에 혈액내 중성지방량은 약간 증가하였으나 총지방량과 총콜레스테롤량, LDL-콜레스테롤량은 감소하는 효과를 보여주었다. 또한 면역능력에 대한 지표는 저항전분 시제품 섭취 후 혈액 내 면역글로부린 G가 유의적으로 증가 하였다. 동물실험을 통한 저항전분의 장기능에 관한 연구결과는 저항전분의 한 형태인 HAS의 섭취가 대장길이와 맹장무게를 증가시키며, 맹장에서의 비피더스균의 증식을 가져와 장내 SCFA의 생산을 증가시키고, 맹장내 pH 감소를 가져오며 대장 점막에서의 PGE2의 생산을 감소시켜 장 기능개선의 효과를 나타내고 있다. 그리고 이러한 효과는 DOC섭취에 의한 부작용을 완화시키는 작용을 하였다. 또한 저항전분의 동물실험 겨로가는 혈당을 감소시키며, 혈액지방 수준을 감소시키는 효과를 나타내므로 저항전분의 섭취는 장긴\ulcorner 개선, 혈당유지, 혈액지방수준 개선의 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2014

In this paper, SCR(Silicon Controlled Rectifier)-based ESD(Electrostatic Discharge) protection circuit for power clamp is proposed. In order to improve latch-up immunity caused by low holding voltage of the conventional SCR, it is modified by inserting n+ floating region and n-well, and extending p+ cathode region in the p-well. The resulting ESD capability of our proposed ESD protection circuit reveals a high latch-up immunity due to the high holding voltage. It is verified that electrical characteristics of proposed ESD protection circuit by Synopsys TCAD simulation tool. According to the simulation results, the holding voltage is increased from 4.61 V to 8.75 V while trigger voltage is increased form 27.3 V to 32.71 V, respectively. Compared with the conventional SCR, the proposed ESD protection circuit has the high holding voltage with the same triggering voltage characteristic.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2005

Many countries divide infant formula into special nutrient food and they are in control of thorn very carefully. CODEX prescribes that the components which can be added to infant formula must be exist in the breast milk and the additives must be scientifically proved to be safe. Therefore infant formula manufacturers make efforts to develop infant formula to be similar to human milk based on research of human and bovine milk components. Domestic infant formulas are rich with functional components in comparison with foreign formulas ; such as immunity, anti-allergy, growth factor, developments of brain and digestion organs etc. At this point, progress of bioscience technology and introduction of various new technologies lead micro components in human and bovine milk to be separated and purified. Therefore many functional components are commercialized and infant formula companies use these. Various functional components are added to infant formula ; DHA and arachidonic acid as brain growth components, nucleotide and lactoferrin as immunity increment and oligosaccharides fur digestion. And new infant formula is being developed by using bone growth factor and dehydration components f3r atopy and allergy decrement.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2012

호산구는 염증 반응에 의해 활성화되며, 주로 기생충 감염이나 알러지 질환 등에 대한 면역 작용을 담당한다고 알려져 있다. 호산구 증가증은 약물 반응, 알러지, 국소적인 기생충 감염 등에 의한 경우가 많지만, 자가면역성 질환이나 종양에 의한 경우도 있다. 최근 연구를 통해 위염의 대표적인 원인균 중 하나인 유문나선균 역시 위점막에서 나타나는 조직 호산구 증가증의 원인이 될 수 있다고 밝혀지고 있으나, 유문나선균에 의한 호산구 증가증 발생 기전이나 빈도는 아직까지 확립되지 않고 있다. 위점막 내 호산구 침윤과 동반되는 위염은 복통, 오심, 구토, 설사, 장폐색 등을 일으킬 뿐만 아니라, 아토피성 피부염, 천식, 위식도 역류, 염증성 장질환 등의 발생과 관련이 있다고 보고되고 있다. 위염 및 다양한 관련 질환에 의한 증상은 공중 근무자들의 임무 수행 능력을 저하시켜 항공기 사고를 발생시킬 수 있는 가능성을 가지고 있다는 점에서 항공의학적으로 매우 중요하며, 실제로 호산구성 위염이나 유문나선균 감염의 치료 여부가 공중 근무자에게 일시적 또는 영구적 비행임무정지를 부과할 수 있는 기준이 되기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 대한민국 공군 장병 환자를 대상으로 내시경을 통해 얻은 위점막 조직 내 호산구수를 측정하고, 이를 위점막 표면의 유문나선균 존재 유무와 관련지어 보았다. 111명 중 20명의 환자에서 한 고배율 시야 당 30개 이상의 호산구가 관찰되었고, 63명의 환자의 위점막 표면에서 유문나선균을 확인하였다. 또한 위점막 내 호산구의 밀도와 유문나선균의 존재 간의 관계는 통계학적으로 유의하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 대한민국 공군 장병을 대상으로 하여 조직 호산구 증가증과 유문나선균의 빈도 및 상호 관계를 최초로 분석했다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 추후 유문나선균이 어떤 기전으로 위점막 조직 내 호산구의 증가에 관여하는지에 대한 연구를 진행하기 위한 기초 자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.149-154
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• 2003

The immunomodulatory activity of PJ-P, a polysaccharide fraction extracted from Paeonia japonica, were reported in our previous paper. In the present study, we investigated that PJ-P inhibited cancer growth through activation of macrophages. The activities of peritoneal macrophage to induce tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$, interleukin-1 (IL-1)$\beta$, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) as well as to ingest fluorescence-latex microbeads were enhanced by treatment of PJ-P. Direct cytocidal activity of PJ-P against cancer cells was not shown. However, in vitro, peritoneal macrophages treated with PJ-P had an activity to kill cancer cells. Furthermore, PJ-P significantly prolonged the survival of mice implanted intraperitoneally with B16F0 mel-anoma cells. These results suggest that PJ-P could be a useful immunomodulator and assistant of anti-tumor agent.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding with dietary silicate based complex mineral (SCM) on the performance of laying hens. SCM at five levels (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8%) was added to commercial diets, and fed to four hundred fifty Hy-Line Brown from fifty four to sixty five weeks of age. Egg production increased as the addition of dietary SCM to basal diets increased up to 0.6% (P<0.05). Furthermore, Feed intake increased in a manner similar to that of egg production (P<0.05). However, there was no difference in feed efficiency among the treatments. Eggshell thickness and breaking strength were significantly higher for the chickens fed with SCM than control from sixty weeks old to the end of experiment (P<0.05). Similarly, albumen height and Haugh unit were significantly higher for the chickens fed with SCM compared to those of control group (P<0.05). AST of birds fed SCM showed significantly higher than control (P<0.05). However, blood neutral fat level tended to increase in SCM treatments. Moreover, bone mineral density increased with SCM addition up to 0.4% (P<0.05). IL-2 (Interleukin-2) and IL-6 (Interleukin-6) levels appeared to be improved in the chickens fed with SCM addition diets, although not statistically different from all treatments. The results of this study indicated that the optimum SCM for improving the performance, egg quality and immunological competence of laying hens from 54 to 65 weeks of age was 0.6%.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.253-257
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• 2007

Fayoumi chicks were vaccinated with fowl pox virus vaccine and pigeon pox virus vaccine. The protective potentiality of the two vaccines was compared in field condition in Bangladesh. The percentage of 'take reaction' was assessed to conclude its relationship with better immune response and recorded 93.33% and 100% in birds of group B and group C, respectively. The mean passive hemagglutination (PHA) antibody titre after primary vaccination was $32{\pm}14.81$ in group B and $33{\pm}13.66$ in group C. Following booster vaccination, the mean PHA titres level at pre challenge of group B was $46.93{\pm}16.52\;and\;55.46{\pm}14.64$ in group C. The PHA titre of group B and C at two weeks post challenge recorded $93.86{\pm}33.04\;and\;110.93{\pm}29.29$, respectively. PHA titre significantly (P<0.01) increased after vaccination and post challenge compared to pre- vaccination titre. There was significant variation (p<0.01) of PHA titre at pre challenge in these groups using different vaccine combinations, but all the vaccinated birds resisted challenge infection.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.18 no.sup
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• pp.55-64
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• 2012

We investigated the effect of the clay mineral fortified with complex trace elements by specific fermentation microbes on growth performance and a quality of pork in this study. For the declared experimental animal, 80 heads of crossbred with Large White and Yorkshire were randomly splitted into a control group and a test group. Each group were assigned with 4 replicates and 10 heads of each replicate. When 0.3% of the fermentation product of the clay mineral (FCM) was added into feed stuff and fed for 9 weeks of experimental feeding period, the results of the feed intake, weight gains, pH of carcass, lightness of meat color, and brightness of the muscle semimembranosus were similar to those of the control group. However, dressing percentage, reddishness of carcass, and water holding capacity were improved, respectively, as much as 2.7%, 12%, and 10%, and reduced by 6% in cooking loss. In order to investigate the immune modulatory effect of fermented clay mineral, pheripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and Immune modulatory parameters were measured. The proliferation activity of PBMC from pigs fed the fermented clay mineral were significantly increased compared to control group pigs, and also those results were more clearly observed as activated with lipopolysaccharide and concanavaline A. The secretion of TNF-${\alpha}$ of the FCM group pigs showed an increasing tendency. Therefore it was suggested that the feeding of FCM which was high in cation metathesis and the value of infrared ray, activated the immune responses, and thus the production of the environment-friendly high quality pork without the use of antibiotics would be possible.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.135-146
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• 2001

Background : One of the important mechanisms responsible for a tumor escaping the immune response is an absence of the tumor associated antigen (TAA) on the cancer cell surface. To overcome this, combination gene therapy using a herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HSTK) gene, prototype of drug sensitizing gene, was conducted to enhance T AA release by cell destruction, as well as the cytokine genes for immune cell attraction. Methods : We investigated whether or not transduction with the adenovirus-HSTK (Ad-HSTK) enhanced the sensitivity of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) to ganciclovir (GCV) and induced a bystander effect. A Tumor vaccine trial was performed using LLC with ad-HSTK$\pm$ad-GM-CSF$\pm$ad-IL-2 to determine if they exhibit some antitumor effect on established lung cancer xenografts. Results : LLC with ad-HSTK revealed a much higher sensitivity to ganciclovir (GCV). LLC transduced with ad-HSTK and/or ad-IL-2, ad-GM-CSF showed a lower in vivo tumorigenicity. In the treatment experiment, vaccination with LLC transduced with ad-HSTK, ad-IL-2, or ad-GM-CSF alone modestly suppressed the growth of an established tumor. Combined transduction with HSTK and GM-CSF induced stronger growth suppression of a established lung cancer, while HSTK and IL-2 combination transduction did not have any antitumor effect on individual transduction. Vaccination with LLC-HSTK-GM-CSF increased the infiltration of dendritic cells in the spleen. Conclusion : It was concluded that a tumor vaccine transduced with HSTK and GM-CSF induces strong antitumor immunity by activating the dendritic cells.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.78-87
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of extreme heat diet on growth performance, lymphoid organ, blood immunoglobulin and cecum microflora change in broilers exposed to continuous lighting and extreme heat stress (EHS) was studied. Broilers raised under normal environment temperature ($25^{\circ}C$ or extreme heat stress temperature ($33{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, and consumed chow diet (CD) or extreme heat stress diet (EHSD). Five hundred Ross 308 day-old commercial broilers were arranged in a completely randomized block design of 5 treatment groups with 4 repetitions (25 heads per repetition pen). The broilers were divided into: T1 (normal environment+CD), T2 (EHS+CD), T3 (EHS+EHSD in which the tallow in CD was substituted by soy oil and contained 5% molasses), T4 (EHS+EHSD in which the tallow in CD was substituted by soy oil and contained 5% molasses, and 1.5 times more methionine and lysine than CD), and T5 (EHS+EHSD in which the tallow in CD was substituted by soy oil, contained 5% molasses, 1.5 times more methionine and lysine than CD, and 300ppm of vitamin C). The EHS significantly reduced the body weight gain and feed intake. The blood immunoglobulin, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and spleen weight were significantly reduced when broilers were exposed to EHS. Compared to the normal environment temperature group, the cecum Lactobacillus sp. was low in the EHS treatment group, while Escherichia sp., Salmonella sp. and total aerobic bacteria in the EHS treatment group were high. A statistically significant difference was acknowledged between the treatment groups.