• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.1022-1024
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• 2004

Pulmonary aspergillosis is the most common disease of fungal infection and has lower infectivity. Pulmonary asergillosis is classified by aspergilloma, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, necrotic and invasive aspergillosis. Invasive aspergillosis is found in immune compromised host, immunosuppressive treatment after organ transplantation, anticancerous chemotherapy, blood abnormality, AIDS patients etc. We reported a case of invasive aspergillosis in an immunocompetent host, with review of literatures.

• RED RIBBON
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• s.66
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• pp.14-15
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• 2005

거대세포바이러스(cytomegalovirus, CMV)는 헤르페스바이러스에 속하는 바이러스이다. 대부분의 성인이 CMV를 보유하고 있으나, 면역 기능이 정상인 사람에서는 CMV로 인한 질병이 발생하지 않는다. 하지만 에이즈 환자, 장기이식환자, 골수이식환자 등과 같이 면역 기능이 저하된 환자에서는 CMV에 의한 폐렴, 망막염, 장염 등의 질병이 발생할 수 있다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2021

Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungus that primarily causes opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. It can also cause various infections in immunocompetent patients. Pulmonary cryptococcosis involving the lymph node is relatively rare in immunocompetent patients. In this report, a previously healthy 17-year-old girl presented with high-grade fever and persistent cough. Chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an anterior mediastinal conglomerate mass that expanded to the right supraclavicular area. Ultrasound-guided gun biopsy revealed histological evidence of cryptococcosis. Immunological screening tests did not identify immunodeficiency. She recovered completely with a combination therapy of amphotericin B and flucytosine for 2 weeks, followed by fluconazole for 8 months. The characteristics of cryptococcosis involving the mediastinal lymph node and the lung should be understood, and the possibility of cryptococcosis even in immunocompetent hosts should be considered.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.233-240
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• 2003

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 정상 환자와 습관성 유산 질환 환자에서 유래된 융모막 조직 내에서의 면역억제유전자들의 발현 양상에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 임신 6주와 8주의 습관성 유산 질환 환자와 정상 환자로부터 융모막 조직을 채취하였다 (Normal N=6; RSA N=6). 면역조직화학적 분석을 통해서 조직을 관찰하고 세포가 살아있음을 확인한 후에, 역전사 중합효소연쇄반응을 통해서 면역억제유전자인 placenta protein 14 (PP14), indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) 그리고 mucin1 (MUC1) 유전자의 발현 정도를 비교하였다. GAPDH 발현에 기준한 면역억제유전자 발현을 정량 분석하여 Student's t-test를 시행하였고, p<0.05를 유의성이 있는 것으로 판정하였다. 결 과: 습관성 유산 질환 환자의 경우, 임신 6주와 8주의 융모막 조직에서의 면역억제유전자 (PP14, IDO, MUC1) 발현이 현저하게 낮은 양상을 보이고 있었다. 습관성 유산과 면역억제유전자의 발현이 통계학적으로 유의성 있는 연관성을 가지고 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 결 론: 면역억제유전자 (PP14, IDO, MUC1)의 발현이 습관성 유산 질환 환자에서 특이적으로 낮게 나타나는 것으로 보아 습관성 유산 질환의 진단과 치료 연구 방안에 이 유전자들의 발현이 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.253-262
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• 2023

Purpose To assess the clinicoradiological features of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included immunocompetent patients who had been diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis on the histopathologic exam and underwent chest CT between January 2008 and November 2019. Imaging features were divided into major imaging patterns, distributions, and ancillary imaging findings. Univariable analysis was performed to evaluate clinicoradiological features according to the presence of serum cryptococcal antigen. Results Thirty-one patients were evaluated (mean age: 60 years, range: 19-78 years). A single nodular lesion confined to a single lobe was the most common imaging pattern (14/31, 45.2%). Serum cryptococcal antigen tests were performed in 19 patients (19/31, 61.3%). The presence of serum cryptococcal antigen was observed in six patients (6/19, 31.6%), all of whom showed a consolidation-dominant pattern. The presence of serum cryptococcal antigen was significantly associated with the consolidationdominant pattern compared to those associated with a nodule-dominant pattern (p = 0.011). Conclusion A combination of CT findings of consolidation and a positive serum cryptococcal antigen test may be helpful for diagnosing pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 1984

Seven cases of surgically proven sparganosis were serologically tested by means of microELISA for their specific IgG antibody levels. For that purpose, crude saline extract of spargana from snake, Natrix tigrina lateralis was prepared and used as antigen. The sparganosis sera were also tested with Paragonimus and Cysticercus antigens to observe the cross reactivity. A total of 71 sera from normal control, ectopic and pulmonary paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis, cysticerCOSIS and Taenia saginata cases were also included. Except for one case of old calcified infection, all of 6 human sparganosis showed higher serum levels of specific IgG antibody when the differential point of positive reaction was set at the absorbance value of 0.25 (the sensitivity being 85.7%). In control and other helminthic infections, all except 3 cases of T. saginata infection showed negative reaction to sparganum antigen (the specificity being 90.7%). None of sparganosis cases showed cress reactivity to Paragonimus and Cysticercus antigens. Undiluted cerebrospinal l1uid also showed high levels of antibody when central nervous system was invaded. The serologic diagnosis by means of micro ELISA could be a useful tool in epidemiological study of human sparganosis in susceptible population, as well as in individual diagnosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.86-90
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• 2003

Bulla is an air-filled space within the lung parenchyma resulting from deterioration of the alveolar tissue. Molecular mechanism of the formation of the bulla is not well described. Fibroblast growth factor(FGF)-7, bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) receptor, and transforming growth factor(TGF)-$\beta$ receptor are known to have a stimulatory or inhibitory role in the lung formation. We investigated to see if these growth factor or cytokine receptors are involved in the bulla formation by immunohistochemical staining of bullous lung tissues from patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Material and Method: Bullous lung tissues were obtained from 31 patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax, including 30 males and 1 female from 15 to 39 years old. The bullous tissues were obtained by video-thoracoscopic surgery and/or mini-thoracotomy and fixed in formalin. Blocks of the specimens were embedded with paraffin and cut into 5-6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ thick slices. The sections were deparaffinized and hydrated and then incubated with primary antibodies against FGF-7, BMP-RII, or TGF-RII. Result: Of the 31 patients, 24 were TGF-RII positive including 18 strong and 6 weak positives. Observation with high magnification showed that strong immunostaining was detected in the boundary region between bullous and normal lung tissues. In contrast, all of the sections were negative with FGF-7 or BMP-RII antibodies. Conclusion: These results suggest that overexpression of TGF- P RII may be involved in the formation of bulla, although further molecular studies are needed to find out more detailed molecular mechanisms.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 1987

$Digoxin^{(R)}$을 복용하고 있지 않는 각27명의 만성 신부전 환자 및 신생아의 혈청에서 Gammacoat $Digoxin^{(R)}$ kit와 Amerlex Digoxin $RIA^{(R)}$ kit를 이용하여 digoxin과 교차 면역반응을 보이는 내인성 물질(이하 DLI: Digoxin-like Immunoreactivity)을 측정하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1) Gammacoat $Digoxin^{(R)}$ kit로 측정시 27명의 만성 신부전 환자중 12명에서 신생아의 경우는 27명 전원에서 측정 하한치 이상의 DLI가 검출된 반면, Amerlex Digoxin $RIA^{(R)}$ kit로는 1명을 제외한 양 군의 전원에서 DLI가 관찰되지 않았다. 만성 신부전 환자에서 Gammacoat $Digoxin^{(R)}$ kit로 측정된 DLI와 혈청 BUN/Creatinine 값 사이에는 유의한 상관 관계가 없었다. 2) 만성 신부전 환자 및 신생아의 pooled sera에 가한 digoxin의 수거율은 각각 49%, 40%였다. 3) 만선 신부전 환자 및 신생아의 pooled sera에서 측정되는 DLI의 희석 curve는 정상 희석 curve와 다르다고 할 수 없었다. 4) 만성 신부전 환자의 pooled sera에서 측정되는 DLI의 16%, 그리고 신생아의 pooled sera 에서 측정되는 DLI의 20%가 trypsin에 sensitive하였다. 5) 만성 신부전 환자의 pooled sera에서 측정되는 DLI의 56%가, 그리고 신생아의 pooled sera에서 측정되는 DLI의 경우는 전체의 20%미만이 methylene chloride로 추출되었다. 이상에서 만성 신부전 환자 및 신생아의 혈청에서는 방사면역 kit의 증류에 따라 DLI가 검출되며 그 실체를 알기 위해서는 더욱 연구가 필요하다고 할 수 있었다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2022

Salmonella meningitis is rare yet poses causes significant neurological morbidity in children. Infants, especially those under 3 months of age, and those with immunocompromised states, such as malignancy, malaria, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, are at increased risk for developing Salmonella meningitis. Herein, we describe a case of Salmonella meningitis in a previous healthy 8-year-old girl who presented with high fever, vomiting, and altered mental status. Group D Salmonella species were isolated in cerebrospinal fluid culture, and no abnormal findings were noted in brain magnetic resonance imaging. Immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte subset counts were within the normal ranges, and no genetic mutation responsible for primary immunodeficiency disease was detected by next-generation sequencing. The patient's condition improved rapidly with third-generation cephalosporin, and no complications or sequalae developed. Nontyphoidal Salmonella can cause meningitis in immunocompetent children and can be successfully treated with early administration of antibiotics.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.109-112
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• 2003

Stromal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, especially of the esophagus, are rare. We had a case of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) of the esophagus. A 46 years old woman was admitted for abnormal mass shadow in the chest radiograph. The mass was originated from the lower thoracic esophagus, and compressed the right lower pulmonary vein and the inferior vena cava. We removed the tumor externally without injuring of the esophageal mucosa via right posterolateral thoracotomy. The tumor was positive for CD 34 and CD 117, and diagnosed malignant CIST of the esophagus.