• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.6 s.154
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• pp.948-960
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• 2006

Chogakpos are highly artistic works created by Korean women as a part of the Kyubang culture in the Chosun Dynasty from the late 19th century to the early 20th. Tessellation is a plaid pattern composed of squares that covers a surface or a space with figures completely without any gap or overlap. The present study purposed to make a comparative analysis of the formative pattern of Chogakp and tessellation in order to show the superiority of Korean Kyubang(the women's quarters called Kyubang in the Chosun Dynasty) culture. As for the research method, we analyzed relevant materials to examine the geometric characteristics and formative principles of tessellation. In addition, we analyzed the formative pattern of Chogakpo using Photographs. The scope of this study was limited to 148 old Chogakpos contained in Huh Dong-hwa's 'Yetpojagi'. According to the results of this research, similarities between Chogakpo and tessellation were as follows. First, in a regular polygon, the face was divided into regular triangles, squares and two or more regular polygons. Second, in a polygon, the face was divided into triangles and quadrangles. Third, the symmetry of tessellation was applied to Cintamani pattern Pojagi. Differences between Chogakpo and tessellation were as follows. First, different from Chogakpo, tessellation had various formative patterns utilizing different regular polygons including hexagons. Second, there was no overlapping repetition in tessellation. Third, there was no free pattern in tessellation.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.2 s.55
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• pp.289-299
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• 2005

Through the formative analysis of the traditional jokakbo, we have composed surface composition that was made by a perfect square, triangle, a weather vane type, vertical type, cintamani type, and a mixed rectangular. And we have composed 18 kinds of motif stimulants that was made by vivid tone, pale tone, and so on, and finally analyzed sensibility image, preference rate of them. The cause of composition for the sensibility image of stimulant was composed by the cause of simplicity characteristics, interesting characteristics, rigid-flexibility characteristics, and modern characteristics. And from these things, the cause of simplicity characteristics and the cause of interesting characteristics were revealed as important dimensional factors of sensibility image. The sensibility image of motif was revealed as a simple image of perfect square, a feminine image of cintamani type, a modern image of mixed rectangular. And black-white colored mixed rectangular and chromatic colored cintamani type were also revealed as an interesting image. The preference rate of motif is related with the cause of interesting characteristics and simplicity characteristics, it also has been revealed to prefer the pale tone than others. And it also has been revealed that achromatic colored mixed rectangular, cintamani type of vivid tone, perfect square and rectangular of pale tone were mostly preferred.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.266-274
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• 2004

This study is on the sensitive image of pattern expressed in the color & formative types of traditional Jokakbo(scraps of cloth). The object of this research is Korean traditional scraps of cloth in the latter period of Chosun Dynasty. This study is to be classified into 10 formative types like square type 1, square type 2, diagonal type, diamond type, many color striped type, concentric circle type, pinwheel type, vertical line type, cintamani pattern type, and free style type to apply the design of Jokakbo to Korean design. And color group is divided into vivid tone and pale tone. And it constitutes 17 patterns from the combination of these two types. As for the factors of constitution of scraps of cloth, it consists of factors like revelation, attraction, temperature sense, abstract, and rigidity. In the emotional image in the patterns, both vivid tone and pale tone showed dynamic and warm emotion together. Also, the factors of revelation and attraction were evaluated as opposite images, and it evaluated the plain and dim emotion as more attractive emotion. They preferred the pale tone to the vivid tone. They preferred the cintamani pattern in the vivid tone, and the diamond pattern in the pale tone most. From the research result above, this study made the abstract image of scraps of cloth standardized and prepared for a basis to execute it essentially. This research will be used as basic data to make traditional Korean image spotlighted in the world fashion markets as well as it will be helpful to the development of pattern design for the scraps of cloth essentially.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.232-238
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• 2002

연구목적 : Cytokine은 유해 미생물에 대한 숙주의 방어기전으로서의 염증반응에서 숙주세포 상호간의 작용을 매개해 주는 역할을 하며, 인간의 치수조직에서도 그 존재가 확인된 바 있다. Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10은 염증의 초기에 작용하는 cytokine으로 알려져 있으나, 치수 및 치근단 질환에서의 역할과 상호작용에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 치수염의 원인균으로 알려진 Prevotella nigrescens를 이용하여 백서의 치수염을 유도한 후 시간의 변화에 따른 Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10의 농도의 변화를 측정하여 이들의 치수염에서의 작용을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 방법 : 실험적으로 치수의 염증반응을 일으키기 위하여 치수염의 원인균으로 알려진 Prevotella nigrescens를 이용하였다. 실험동물의 하악절치의 incisal tip부분을 절단한 후(n=120), 치수강을 개방시켰다. 실험군에서는 Prevotella nigrescens를 멸균된 면구에 묻혀서 개방된 치수강 내에 접종하였으며, 대조군에서는 균을 접종하지 않고 멸균된 면구만을 개방된 치수강 내에 위치시켰다. 그 후 1, 2, 5일이 경과되었을 때 실험에 사용된 치아를 발치하여, 치수조직을 적출하였다. Amersham사의 ELISA kit를 사용하여 적출된 치수조직내의 Interleukin-6와 Interleukin-10의 양을 측정하였으며 그 결과를 Mann-Whitney rank sum test를 사용하여 통계학적 유의성을 검증하였다. 조직학적 검사를 위해서는 발치된 치아를 nitric acid를 사용하여 탈회시킨 후 헤마톡실린-에오신 염색을 시행한 후 관찰하였다. 결과 : 1) Interleukin-6의 농도는 균접종 후 1일, 2일, 5일 모두에서 실험군에서 대조군보다 높게 나타났으며, 균접종 1일째의 결과는 통계적 유의성이 있었다(P<0.05). 2) Interleukin-10의 농도는 균접종 후 1일, 2일, 5일 모두에서 실험군에서 대조군보다 높게 나타났으며, 균접종 1일째의 결과는 통계적 유의성이 있었다(P<0.05). 3) Interleukin-10/1nterleukin-6 ratio는 실험군과 대조군 모두에서 1일보다 2일째의 결과에서 더 높은 값을 보였으며 대조군에서는 통계적 유의성을 보였다(P<0.05). 4)조직학적 관찰결과 균접종 후 2일째의 조직표본에서는 림프구의 침윤과 부분적인 조직의 괴사 등 염증반응의 양상을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 균접종 5일째의 조직표본에서는 염증의 정도가 감소되는 양상을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 2001

Paclitaxel과 vancomycin을 $5\%$ 포도당주사액, $0.9\%$ 염화나트륨주사액 또는 하트만용액과 함께 Y-Site 장치를 써서 환자에게 주입할 때 두 약물의 안정성에 관하며 면구하였다. Paclitaxel 0.3 mg/ml 및 1.2 mg/ml과 vancomycin 1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml 및 10 mg/ml을 각각 1 : 1로 혼합한 후 0, 1, 2, 4, 12시간 시점에서 두 약물의 농도를 HPLC로 분석하였다, 방해물질에 의한 분석오차를 줄이기 위해 분석법을 여러상태에서 확인하였으며 각 농도에서 3차례씩 실험하였고 각 샘플은 반복하여 HPLC로 분석하였다. 분석전에 각 시료의 투명도, 색의 변화, 침전상태 및 pH를 검사하였다. Paclitaxel 0.3 mg/ml 및 1.2 mg/ml와 vancomycin 1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml 및 10 mg/mt를 각각 혼합하였을 때 12시간 동안 안정하였으며 주사액의 혼탁이나 색의 변화 및 침전은 나타나지 않았으며 pH도 변하지 않았다.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to clarify the wall components of Sarang-taechong in the upper class houses of Chosun dynasty. Physical trace method was used for this study. The samples were taken from the Sarang-taechong of 6 traditional Korean houses; Yunkyungdang, the ancient Chusa estate, Sunkyojang, Chunghyodang, Yangjindant, Unjorn. The makor findings were summarized as follows; 1) The common components of each wall were pillars, sanginbangs(upper horizontal beams), hainbangs (lower horizontal beams), door and windows. Changbangs(wood eave pieces that suported decoration blocks), changyos(a pice of wood fitted between the tops of pillars and upper tori cross beams), and morums(the top wainscot board laid horizontally between the bottom beam and the bottom portion of a window frame) were additional. 2) The composition of every south wall was symmetrical and the other threes were mixed symmetrical and asymmetrical. 3) The image of wall was classified-fine, strong, and modera e, according to the symmetry or asymmetry of wall composition, the width of each components, the kind of window.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 1996

To get accurate results, the realistic stress-strain relationships of soils are dependent on a number of factors such as soil types, density, stress levels and stress path. Such attempts are continuously being made by the developement of analytical models for soils incorporating all such factors. Isotropic compression-expansion test and a series of drained conventional triaxial tests with several stress path for Baekma river sand were performed to investigate parameters characteristics of Lade's single work hardening model dependant on the stress path. Using the computer program based on the regression analysis, the values of parameters for the model were determined. In conclusion, the parameters of Lade's model are little influenced by the stress paths. Though yield criterion parameters ( h, ${\alpha}$a) are much influenced by stress level and stress path, the parameters don't have influence on stress-strain behavior.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.177-189
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• 1992

This paper aims at developing a finite element program to predict undrained behavior of granular soil by using elasto-plastic constitutive model. A computer program developed by authors based on Christian's techniques for undrained behaviour of the soil has been employed coupled with Lade's single work-hardening model. Modification of the program for drained behaviour, considering restraint of volumetric strain, makes it possible to analize the underained behaviour. To validate the newly developed program, comparison of results was performed between numerical values and experimental data for Baekma river sand as well as Sacrmento river sand studied by Seed and Lee. The program is evaluated to have high accuracy.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1988.10a
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• pp.24-29
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• 1988

In this paper, it is proposed hew the rigid element method suggested in the first paper can be applied to the elastic and elasto-plastic analysis of spherical shell with the open stiff ring. In the analytical model, the solution domain is divided into rectangular-shaped spherical bending elements. Each contact surface of two adjacent elements is interconnected with four elastic springs, and it is assumed that the internal forces are distritributed into springs. The 6 degrees of freedom of the element are placed in the center of elements, and the 6 cen-teroidal rigid displacements affect other elements through springs around elements. And then the solution domain is estimated by the behavior of elements and springs. In this study, these concepts are applied to the elastic and elasto-plastic analysis for the eight cases of the spherical shell according to the condition of stiff ring, the condion of loading and the size of opening. And then some numerical results such as the distribution of stresses, the force-displacement curves and the mode of fractures will he shown.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.5-17
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• 2005

Spatial uncertainty of Busan marine clay ground, which commonly occurs during site investigation testing, data analysis and transformation modeling, has been described. In this paper geotechnical uncertainty of shear strength indicator $N_k$ has been quantified in both horizontal direction and vertical direction using geostatistical Kriging method. Most of soil data used are from 25 boring tests, 75 laboratory tests, 124 field vane tests and 25 cone penetration tests (CPT). CPT-$N_k$ data for undrained shear strength determination, which are the most important properties in geotechnical design stages, have been analysed. Comparison between cone factor from conventional CPT-based method and that of geostatistical method shows that geostatistical Kriging method is an ideal tool to quantify the spatial variability of uncertainty from self-correlation of soil property of interest, and can be recommended to identify the spatial distribution of consolidation .md shear strength of soils at any sites concerned.