• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.395-402
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• 2005

White layer cakes with 10-50% content of domestic millet and waxy millet were carried out to determine how the content of millet and waxy millet affected Quality and properties of a product. The 10% content of waxy millet resulted in the greatest volume, which decreased with the increase in the content of millet and waxy millet; up to 40% content of millet and waxy millet made no significant difference in weight from the control one. The specific loaf volume decreased with the increase in the content of millet and waxy millet. In terms of crum color, as the content of millet and waxy millet increased, the value of L tended to decrease, making it darker, and there was a significant increase in the value of a and b. As for crust color, the value of L, a, and b tended to increase with the increase in the content of millet and waxy millet, making it darker, but with no significant difference from the control one. In terms of texture, 10% content of millet and 10-20% content of waxy millet made no significant difference in hardness from the control one; as for retrogradation, waxy millet tended to make greater increase in hardness than millet. 5℃ storage resulted more rapidly in retrogradation than 25℃. The sensory evaluation showed that with the increase in the content, waxy millet, millet, and the control in order served to make it darker and harder in terms of external properties, with small pores, uneven texture, and reduced flavor in terms of internal properties. There was no significant difference between the cake with 10-20% content of millet and waxy millet and the control one in making a white layer cake by adding millet and waxy millet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.198-199
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• 2009

킬레이팅 고분자를 메조기공 탄소 표면 위에 흡착시킴으로써 금속이온과 착물을 형성할 수 있는 기능성 나노구조체를 제조하였다. 악티늄족 원소를 단일입자 내에 영구처분을 위한 예비연구로서 Eu을 대용물(surrogate)로 사용하여 기능성 나노 구조체에 주입한 후 메조기공 입구를 고분자반응을 통해 봉쇄함으로써 Eu의 단일입자 내 고정화를 시도하였다. 시간에 따라 침출현상을 분석한 결과, 고분자로 메조기공을 blocking 하였을 때 Eu의 침출현상이 크게 완화되는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 시멘트화나 유리화 등과 같은 고비용 공정을 거치지 않고도 단일입자 내 유해 금속의 영구처분이 가능하다는 것을 의미한다. 더 나아가, 이러한 접근방법은 지지체로 메조기공 탄소에 국한되지 않고 실리카와 같은 다른 메조기공 금속산화물에 적용될 수 있다는 점에서 큰 강점이 있다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.830-837
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• 2016

In order to improve the compressive strength of graphite foams (GFms), mesophase pitch (MP) was stabilized in air atmosphere and then fluorinated at different conditions. The Fluorine/Carbon (F/C) in surface-chemical contents of fluorinated MP has range of 23.75%~61.48% according to the different fluorine partial pressure. The compressive strengths of GFms prepared from fluorinated MP were increased in proportion to the apparent densities. The compressive strength of the GFm produced from MP with 35.93% of F/C (%) showed maximum value in $2.93{\pm}0.06MPa$, which was increased up to 27.95% than that of the GFm prepared from un-fluorinated MP. This result was attributed that the interface bonding between of MPs due to fluorine functional groups with high surface energy helped to improve compressive strength of the GFm.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2011

The electrode material performances of electric double layer capacitor(EDLC) were investigated using mesopous active carbon fiber(ACF), which was prepared by the iron exchange method. The mesoporous ACF had pore characteristics of specific surface area around 1249, 664 $m^2$/g, mesoporous fraction around 70.6-81.3% and meanpore size around 2.78-4.14 nm. The results showed that as HNO3 treatment time decreased, the specific surface area increased and mesoporous fraction decreased. To investigate electrochemical performance of EDLC, unit cell was manufactured using mesoporus ACF, conducting material and binder; organic elctrolyte was used on this experiment. The specific capacitance of ACF treated with HNO3 for 2 hours turned out to be 0.47 $F/cm^2$and the results of the cyclic charge-discharge tests were stable. Thus, the electrochemical performance of EDLC was mainly dependent on specific surface area of ACF electrode and the diffusion resistance of charge decreased as the mesopore increased.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.952-958
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• 2004

Effects of normal (non-waxy) and waxy millet flours on properties of sponge cake were examined. Total dietary fiber contents of normal and waxy millets were 5.04 and 5.12%, respectively, while that of soft wheat flour was 2.23%. Alkaline water retention capacity value generally increased with addition of normal and waxy millet flours, whereas peak, minimum, and final viscosities decreased. Mixing time and mixing height decreased with addition of millet flour. Lightness of cake crust increased with addition of normal millet flour, whereas it decreased with addition of waxy millet flour, tightness of cake crumb decreased as the amount of normal and waxy millet flours increased. Increasing proportions of normal and waxy millet flours resulted in significantly decreased loaf volume. Replacement of 10% wheat flour by both normal and waxy millet flours did not significantly affect characteristics of sponge cake, but addition of more than 20% millet flour resulted in significant differences in quality characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.742-748
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• 1989

Rheological properties of gelatinized millet starch dispersions were evaluated. Gelatinized nonwaxy and waxy millet starch dispersion were typical pseudoplastic fluids. At constant shear rate, gelatinized waxy millet starch dispersion showed higher shear stress than nonwaxy millet starch dispersion. Flow behaviours of gelatinized nonwaxy and waxy millet starch dispersion were well fitted to Herschel-Bulkley equation and flow behaviour index (n) and consistency index (K) were strongly concentration dependent. There was a linear relationship between concentration of gelatinized starch dispersion and square root of yield stress. The concentrations of gelatinized nonwaxy and waxy millet starch dispersion where yield stresses become zero were estimated as 2.19 and 1.69%, respectively. Pseudoplastic constant (m) approaches to a constant value in each type of millet starch when the concentration of gelatinized starch dispersion was increased. As the measuring temperatures increase, n value was increased, whereas, K value was decreased. The activation energies of gelatinized nonwaxy and waxy millet starch dispersion were 2.89 and 3.18kcal/mol, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.9-11
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 1987

Physicochemical properties of domestic millet starches were determined. Amylose contents of nonwaxy and waxy millet starches were 28.0 and 8.0%, respectively. The water binding capacity of nonwaxy millet starch was slightly higher than that of waxy millet starch. There was no recognizable difference on granule size between nonwaxy and waxy millet starch. Abrupt increases in swelling power over $80^{\circ}C$ of gelatinization temperature were characteristic features of millet starches. The initiation of increase in light penetration was started slightly earlier in case of waxy millet starch. Maximum viscosities of $6{\sim}7%$ nonwaxy and waxy millet starch were 300-460 and 800-1080 B.U., respectively. The conspicuous break-down was noticed in waxy millet starch.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.291-298
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• 2012

Carbamoylphosphate (CMPO) [CMPO analogue; 2-(diphenylphosphoryl)-N-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)acetamide]silane, as a functional self-assembled molecules, grafted mesoporous silicates were prepared by simple hydrolysis and condensation reaction. Pore sized tailored mesoporous silicates such as MCM-41, SBA-15, or amorphous silica nanoparticles were adopted as host materials. The surface area of ordered mesoporous silicates was ranged from 680 $m^2/g$ to 1310 $m^2/g$ with different pore diameters that estimated to be ca. 2.3~9.1 nm by BJH method. Among the OMMs host materials, SBA-15(II) has higher loading ratio (~35 wt%) of CMPO derivative than other OMMs. Accessibility to CMPO silane functional groups in the surface of mesoporous silicas was studied by lanthanide ions sorption experiments. All of the CMPO modified OMMs favors the smaller Eu(III) and Nd(III) cations than La(III) for relative larger ionic radius.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.583-587
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• 2006

In this study, the phosphate adsorption characteristics of zirconium mesostructures synthesized under different conditions were estimated. X-ray diffraction analysis, phosphate adsorption isotherm test and kinetic test was performed for the zirconium mesostructures synthesized at different inorganic/surfactant molar ratio and with different surfactant templates. The test results were analyzed with adsorption models. From this work, it was found that at the inorganic/surfactant molar ratio of 1/0.50($0.013{\cdot}Zr(SO_4){_2}:0.068{\cdot}surfactant:5.55{\cdot}H_2O$), the meso-pores in the material could be most uniformly and clearly formed and thus the adsorption capacity and reaction rate of material could be maximized. And the pore size in the mesostructure increased with the chain length of surfactant template used, and maximum phosphate adsorption amount and reaction rate could be achieved with the zirconium mesostructure synthesized with the surfactant template of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide.