• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.249-253
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• 2002

A 2 ${\times}$ 2 factorial experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cecectomy and urea supplementation on nitrogen utilization In growing chicks. Birds were either cecectomized or shamoperated and fed a 19% protein diet with or without 1% urea supplementation. All chicks were provided ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the six-day experimental period. In the cecectomized chicks, fred efficiency was significantly decreased when fed a 19% protein diet supplemented with 1% urea (P<0.05). When chicks were fed a 19% protein diet, cecectomy significantly shortened gastrointestinal passage time (GPT) of food (P<0.05). However, the GPT was significantly lengthened in chicks fed a 19% protein diet supplemented with urea (P<0.05). Regardless of diets, cecectomized chicks increased the moisture contents of the excreta (P<0.05) and feeding a 1% dietary urea also significantly increased (P<0.05). Cecectomy significantly decreased uric acid N excretion by about 30 mg per 100 g body weight per day (P<0.05) and uric acid N/ total N excretion when fed both diets (P<0.05). The present study suggests that cecectomy improves nitrogen utilization rate by decreasing uric acid excretion in growing chicks. These results are in good agreement with those obtained previously in a cecectomy study of adult chickens.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2011

The effect of cecal ligation on the utilization of dietary [15N]urea in chickens fed 5 % protein diet plus urea were investigated. Nitrogen balance and utilization tended (P<0.01) to increase by cecal ligation. Total uric acid excretion was significantly decrease by (P<0.01) cecal ligation in chickens from origin of diet and urea (P<0.01). Excretion of ammonia was increased in chickens from origin of diet, where as it decreased in chickens an urea diet (P<0.01). Amount of urea nitrogen excretion from origin of urea was significantly decrease (P<0.01) by cecal ligation, but cecal ligated chicken fed 5% protein diet with urea showed 51.6% urea utilization. Result obtained in present study indicates that ceca is having beneficial role for urea utilization in chicken fed protein deficient diets, but ceca do not always positive role for nitrogen utilization.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.269-273
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• 2003

A cecostomy technique (surgery for inserted tube into ceca) was developed to quantify urine backflow into the ceca of fed and feed-deprived chickens. Two days post-surgery, cecostomised chickens were flushed with 20ml of warm saline solution every other day for 10 days. Excreta were collected daily from cecal tubing and cloaca by surgical attachment of polyethylene collection vessels to the chickens. Uric acid excretion was significantly increased in fed compared to feed-deprived chickens (P<0.05). Amount of determined uric acid from the ceca was 7.74% and 5.31% of total excretion for fed and ffeed-deprived chickens, respectively. Post-mortem examinations ascertained that the caeca were intact around the Latex tubing. The results of the study indicated that at least 5% of daily urine production flow retrograde into the ceca of roosters.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.259-263
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• 2002

It was examined whether the ceca and the back-flow of urine into the lower intestine are involved in water intake and excretion in chickens and food intake affects those. Colostomy significantly increased water intake, total water excretion and the ratio of the water intake to food intake in the ceca-ligated chickens under restrict and ad libitum feeding conditions (P<0.05), but the increases were much larger in chickens fed ad libitum than in those fed restrictedly. Cecal ligation increased water intake, total water excretion and the ratio of water intake to food intake in the colostomised chickens which were fed freely (P<0.05). but not in those fed restrictedly, None of colostomy and cecal ligation affected the resultant water balances in chickens under both feeding conditions. Colostomy increased food intake in the ceca-ligated chickens (P<0.05), but no increase by cecal ligation was observed in colostomised chickens. It is concluded that the lower intestine takes a very important role in water recovery from urine to maintain water balance in chickens.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.537-540
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• 2004

A caecostomy technique (surgery for inserting tube into caeca) was developed to quantify urine backflow into the caeca. Two days post-surgery, caecostomised chickens were flushed with 20 ml of warm saline solution every other day for 10 days. After surgery birds temporarily lost appetite and activity, but they were restored gradually in a few days. The incision healed within 10 days post-surgery. Excreta were collected daily from caecal tubing and cloaca by surgical attachment of polyethylene collection vessels to the chickens. Post-mortem examinations ascertained that the caeca were intact around the Latex tubing.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2010

In this study, we propose a new order selection method for clinical pathway development in acute appendectomy. This method is based on the lift concept which is popular in association rule discovery and, starting from the orders with more frequencies, sequentially removes the negatively associated orders which have lift values somewhat less than one. The orders in acute appendectomy we consider in this study are test and medical treatment items respectively, and since there are different order patterns before, during, and after operation, three different order selections are made for each. The selection results are somewhat different from those selected only by the order of more frequencies. Specifically, the selection results of two methods are different in 1 or 2 orders for medical treatment items and in maximum 5 orders for test items, respectively.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.66
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• pp.59-86
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• 2014

This study explored how rumor is diffused via Twitter and how the characteristics of rumor affect the interactivity among users in the Korea-U.S. FTA case. A key word search located three issues as major ones related to the Korea-U.S. FTA: appendectomy myth, collapse of health insurance, and increases in medicine prices. The arousal of rumor has two dimensions: fact and expression. The fact arousal was the highest in the issue of 'appendectomy myth', and the expression arousal the highest in 'increases in medicine prices'. The rumor diffusion took the 'explosive wave' in the issue of appendectomy myth, the 'latent wave' in the issue of increase in medicine prices, and the 'repetitive wave' in the issue of collapse of health insurance. Correlation analyses revealed a high correlation between the arousal intensity of rumor and the user interactivity in the issue of collapse of health insurance. The study showed that Twitter took a role of diffusing negative messages about the Korea-U.S. FTA. Results implies that government officials and journalists pay attention to Twitter for sensing the public opinion when building policies and managing crises.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.63-67
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• 1983

• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• s.300
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• pp.48-48
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• 2007

• Membrane Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.213-223
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• 2005

We prepared an anti-adhesion membrane made of sodium hyaluronate/sodium carboxymethylcellulose (HA/CMC) and evaluated its effectiveness for adhesion prevention in a rat model. The anti-adhesion membrane was prepared by lyophilizing HA/CMC solution and cross-linking properly with 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDAC). In a cecum/abdominal wall abrasion model of Sprague-Dawley rat, cecal serosa and abdominal wall were abraded in $1\times2\;(cm^2)$ with a bone burr after peritoneal midline incision and sutured at 3 points around the injured surface. The denuded cecum was covered with HA/CMC membrane (experimental group), or nothing (control group) and apposed to the abdominal wall. Most of the control group represented 3 or more of adhesion grade at POD 7, 14, 21, and 28, whereas $60\~70\%$ of the experimental group was 2 or less of adhesion grade at 14, 21, and 28. It was similar in the adhesion strength. In a general manner, the adhesion grade and strength showed gradual increasing until POD 14, almost same or a little increasing POD 21, but decreasing POD 28. Also the control group was much higher in adhesion grade, strength, and area than the experimental group. It is expected that the anti-adhesion membrane will have a good clinical result in postoperative adhesion prevention.