• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1073-1081
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• 2009

In this paper, we proposed new method to enhance choroidal vessels by suppressing retina vessels brightness. It is well-known that CNV(choroidal neovascularization) is related with sight loss. The main feature of CNV is the occurrence of new vessels in choroid. Unfortunately, because retina vessels brightness is stronger than choroidal vessels brightness in ICGA(indocynanine green angiography) image, so that the choroidal vessels were hardly recognized. Therefore, for correct diagnosis, the choroidal vessels must be enhanced in ICGA image. The proposed enhancement method consists of 3 strategies. First, the retina vessels were detected by multi scale enhancement technique, hysteresis thresholding, KNN(Kth-nearest neighbor) classification method. And then, a retina vessel mask was generated from detection result. Next, the brightness of retina vessels was suppressed by the proposed conditional region erosion method and mask region until the mask region was vanished. Finally, the brightness of choroidal vessel was enhanced on processed image. Through an experiment, we had confirmed that the proposed method was robust and efficient.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.117-119
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• 2010

Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults. The predominant sites of metastasis that are associated with a poor prognosis are liver, lung and bone. The authors report here on a case of metastatic choroidal melanoma in the rib and bronchus, and this was all treated by surgical resection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.711-712
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• 2008

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 2011

임상에 있어 눈에 적용하는 약물의 적용은 정상적인 조직을 손상시키지 않으면서 원하는 안구 조직에 목표로 하는 용량의 안약을 전달하는 것이 목적이라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 간단한 목적도 실제로 환자의 성격, 안구 조직의 민감성, 그리고 친지질성 각막 외피세포(lipophilic corneal epithelium), 친수성 각막 그리고 공막의 간질층(hydrophilic corneal and sclera stroma), 결막의 임파 조직, 맥락막의 혈관 등, Blood-ocular barrier등 안구의 조직 자체의 장벽들로 인해 어려움을 내포하고 있는 것 역시 사실이다. 평소에 처방하고 있는 안약들을 조금 더 효과적으로 전달하기 위해 필요한 눈에 대한 이해에 대해 다루어 보도록 한다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 2007

[ $\underline{Purpose}$ ]: We performed this prospective randomized study to evaluate the efficacy and the complications of radiotherapy for Subfoveal CNV in ARMD and to compare the treatment results at two dosages (14.4 Gy and 19.8 Gy). $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: 60 eyes of 55 patients were enrolled, and randomized into 14.4 Gy (31 eyes) or 19.8 Gy (29 eyes) groups. CT was used to plan the radiotherapy. All patients received radiotherapy with a 1.8 Gy daily dose using 4 MV photon. We categorized treatment results as improved, stable, or deteriorated based on visual acuity changes of more than 2 lines on the ETDRS chart. $\underline{Results}$: Median follow-up period was 33.5 months. At 12 months, visual acuity improved in 9 (16.7%), stable in 41 (75.9%), and aggravated in 4 (7.4%) of 54 evaluated eyes. At 24 months, 49 eyes (81.7%) were evaluated. Visual acuity improved in 6 (12.2%), was stable in 33 (67.4%), and deteriorated in 10 (20.4%). At 36 months, 37 eyes were evaluated. Six (16.2%) eyes were improved, 21 (56.8%) stable, and 10 (27.0%) deteriorated. No significant difference in response was observed between the 14.4 Gy and 19.8 Gy groups (Mantel-Haenszel $x^2=0.4756$). The proportion of eyes with a vision of $20/100{\leq}increased$ from 28.3% initially to 32.7% after 24 months of radiotherapy. There were no severe acute or chronic complications. $\underline{Conclusion}$: External beam radiotherapy with doses of 14.4 or 19.8 Gy may be an effective treatment for subfoveal CNV in ARMD. No dose-response relationships with respect to treatment response or toxicity were observed between the 14.4 Gy and 19.8 Gy groups.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 1991

Ophthalmoscopy following the intravenous injection of fluorescein has gained great diagnostic importance in ophthalmology. This technique provides sequential evaluation of the anatomic and physiologic status of the choroidal and retinal vasculature. In order to detect the changes between fluorescein ocular fundus image frames, the direct subtraction of the two frames is inadequate because of geometric distortions and background gray level differences in two images. In this study, a scheme for the correction of the geometric distortions is proposed. Precise control point coordinate values for transformation functions are manually determined after the process including a series of blood vessel detection and thinning, and one frame is mapped to another, and then a geometric distortion corrected image is obtained. When the corrected image is used in interframe change detections, a sucessful result is ensured.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.909-912
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• 2003

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare mesodermal phakomatosis characterized by cutaneous haemangiomata( usually unilateral and involving an extremity), venous varicosities and osseous and soft tissue hypertrophy, of the affected limb. Sturge-Weber syndrome, also a mesodermal pharkomatosis, is characterized by a port-wine nevus, which is present from birth and covers the face and cranium in the territory of the first division of the trigeminal nerve. Homolateral to the skin lesion, there is atrophy and calcification of the cerebral hemisphere. We experienced an unusual 26-months-old female, who had features of both Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome and Sturge-Weber syndrome. She had an extensive nevus flammeus which extended primarily over both sides of her face and the right side of the trunk and extremities, hypertrophy of the right extremity without evidence of arterovenous fistula, right glaucoma, choroidal hemangioma and leptomeningeal hemangioma, which combined Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome and Sturge-Weber syndrome. We reported this rare case with a brief review of some related literatures.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-138
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• 1998

Purpose : To evaluate the late effect(3 and 6 months) of cis-diarnrninedichlo-roplatinum(II)(cisplatin) on the radiation brain damage when the cisplatin was intraperitoneally infused immediately after whole brain irradiation in the rats. Materials and Methods : The histolopathological findings of the brain were examined in rat brains at 3 and 6 months after the treatment. The rats were irradiated(20 or 22.5 Gy, RT) or cisplatin was injected intraperitoneally(2,4, or 8mg/kg, CT) and in combined treatment group, cisplatin(2mg/kg) was injected immediately after irradiation(20 or 22.5 Gr). Histopathological examination was done mostly in irradiation or cisplatin alone groups, because the rats in combined group died during experimental period except 2 rats. Results : The rats treated with cisplatin showed marked epithelial vacuolation with perivascular edema and vascular dilatation in choroid plexus at 3 months as well as multifocal necrosis involving fimbria and cerebellar hemispheres at 3 and 6 months. The changes were more prominent in rats with 2mg/kg injection compared to rats with 8mg/kg injection. The rats with RT and combined CT and RT showed characteristic delayed irradiation effects such as focal coagulation necrosis and vascular changes, which were more marked than previous reports Prominent perivascular and leptomenin-geal astrocytic Proliferation was well documented by anti-GFAP antibody. Cisplatin treatment did not enhance the effect of radiation-induced changes of blood vessels and astrocytic proliferation. Conclusion : The focal necrosis was the most consistently noted finding in this study, it suggested the possibility to use this as an evaluation factor for combined effects of RT and cisplatin.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

The use of intraoperative application of Mitomycin C at the filtration site has been known to improve the surgical outcome in glaucomatous eyes with high risk for failure of trabeculectomy. The author performed trabeculectomies with intraoperative Mitomycin C on 25 eyes of 20 patients with poor surgical prognosis to study the efficacy and safety of this technique in glaucomatous patients with high risk for failure of trabeculectomy. After the preparation of a scleral flap, 0.2mg/ml solution of Mitomycin C was applied between Tenon's capsule and the sclera for 2 minutes. The exposed area was then irrigated with 200 ml of balanced salt solution. The follow-up period was from 1 to 7 months (mean 3.8 months). The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was $38.6{\pm}6.6mmHg$. The mean final postoperative IOP was $11.7{\pm}3.8mmHg$. Twenty three (88%) of the 25 eyes were successfully controlled with the IOP of less than or equal to 20 mmHg without glaucoma medication. There were early postoperative complications of hyphema in 5 eyes (20%), shallow anterior chamber in 4 eyes(16%), punctate keratopathy in 3 eyes (12%), aqueous leaking from conjunctival wound in 2 eyes (8%), encapsulated bleb in 1 eye (4%) and choroidal detachment in 1 eye (4%), and 4 eyes had long term hypotony lasting more than 2 months. Although Mitomycin C is simple to use and effective adjunct to trabeculectomy, further study will be needed to determine the mechanism of action, indication, dosage and optimal exposure time of Mitomycin C.