• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.5-20
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• 2006

Retail is called location business because it is one of the most important factors to estimate management of stores for retailers who are going to sell products directly to customers. Retailers' management achievements are shown in sale in general. Therefore, retailers tend to focus on ways to increase the numbers of customers in order to raise sales. First of all, in this research, I am going to examine the most fundamental models such as Reilly's retail gravitation, converse model, huff probability model and multiful losit model in selecting stores. Secondly, I am going to provide the process and analyzing ways to predict estimated sales amount with the previous theory model. Also I am going to predict estimated sales amount of the department store L which is located in D metorpolitan city. Lastly, I am going to argue about the problem of this research and the next research subject. Our main goal is to provide ways to complement and inspect sales estimation models, which can be used in fields after taking characters of high class structure of Korea into consideration on the base of previous researches. According to the result of the research, my conclusion is that if the process of analysis and changing factors are complemented, revise model, which can reflect reality of Korea, will be provided. Therefore, in the future study, we have to build up theory models to suit for our retail market through critic reviews about the existing high class structure of Korea.

• Digital Contents
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• no.12 s.103
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• pp.64-65
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• 2001

지난 4월말 통계청이 발표한 전자상거래 통계조사 결과에 따르면 올해 1~2월말 현재 국내 인터넷 소매 시장 규모는 약 3,490억원에 달한 것으로 나타났다. 통계조사가 지난해 4월부터 시작되 전년 동기대비 다소 어려우나 지난4~5월 시장규모와 단순 비교해 보면 약 48%정도 증가한 수치다. 1~2월의 쇼핑몰 매출이 일반적으로 다른 시기에 비해 낮은 점을 감안하면 실제 성장률은 보다 높을 것으로 추정되고 있다.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.141-154
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• 2014

The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is the one of important issues in the recent accounting research because the change from local GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) to IFRS has a substantial effect on accounting information. Over 100 countries including Australia, China, Canada and the European Union member countries adopt IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) for financial reporting purposes, and several more including the United States and Japan are considering the adoption of IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards). In Korea, 61 firms voluntarily adopted Korean International Financial Reporting Standard (K-IFRS) in 2009 and 2010 and all listed firms mandatorily adopted K-IFRS (Korea-International Financial Reporting Standards) in 2011. The adoption of IFRS is expected to increase financial statement comparability, improve corporate transparency, increase the quality of financial reporting, and hence, provide benefits to investors This study investigates whether recognized accounts receivable discounting (AR discounting) under Korean International Financial Reporting Standard (K-IFRS) is more value relevant than disclosed AR discounting under Korean Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (K-GAAP). Because more rigorous standards are applied to the derecognition of AR discounting under K-IFRS(Korea-International Financial Reporting Standards), most AR discounting is recognized as a short term debt instead of being disclosed as a contingent liability unless all risks and rewards are transferred. In this research, I try to figure out industrial responses to the changes in accounting rules for the treatment of accounts receivable toward more strict standards in the recognition of sales which occurs with the adoption of Korea International Financial Reporting Standard. This study examines whether accounting information is more value-relevant, especially information on accounts receivable discounting (hereinafter, AR discounting) is value-relevant under K-IFRS (Korea-International Financial Reporting Standards). First, note that AR discounting involves the transfer of financial assets. Under Korean Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (K-GAAP), when firms discount AR to banks before the AR maturity, firms conventionally remove AR from the balance-sheet and report losses from AR discounting and disclose and explain the transactions in the footnotes. Under K-IFRS (Korea-International Financial Reporting Standards), however, most firms keep AR and add a short-term debt as same as discounted AR. This process increases the firms' leverage ratio and raises the concern to the firms about investors' reactions to worsening capital structures. Investors may experience the change in perceived risk of the firm. In the study sample, the average of AR discounting is 75.3 billion won (maximum 3.6 trillion won and minimum 18 million won), which is, on average 7.0% of assets (maximum 38.6% and minimum 0.002%), 26.2% of firms' accounts receivable (maximum 92.5% and minimum 0.003%) and 13.5% of total liabilities (maximum 69.5% and minimum 0.004%). After the adoption of K-IFRS (Korea-International Financial Reporting Standards), total liabilities increase by 13%p on average (maximum 103%p and minimum 0.004%p) attributable to AR discounting. The leverage ratio (total liabilities/total assets) increases by an average 2.4%p (maximum 16%p and minimum 0.001%p) and debt-to-equity ratio increases by average 14.6%p (maximum 134%p and minimum 0.006%) attributable to the recognition of AR discounting as a short-term debt. The structure of debts and equities of the companies engaging in factoring transactions are likely to be affected in the changes of accounting rule. I suggest that the changes in accounting provisions subsequent to Korea International Financial Reporting Standard adoption caused significant influence on the structure of firm's asset and liabilities. Due to this changes, the treatment of account receivable discounting have become critical. This paper proposes an intelligent diagnostic system for estimating negative impact on stock value with self-organizing maps and case based reasoning. To validate the usefulness of this proposed model, real data was analyzed. In order to get the significance of this proposed model, several models were compared to the research model. I found out that this proposed model provides satisfactory results with compared models.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.239-261
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• 2017

This paper analyzes how corporate product innovation affects firms' revenue and financial stability, and thereby draws the implications for the corporate strategy for sustainable growth. Corporate product innovation is defined as the development of new products within the firm, including bought-in products. Corporate revenue is measured by per capita sales and its growth rate, while financial stability is measured by debt-to-equity ratio and liquidity ratio. In the empirical analysis, the two-stage estimation method was used to control for the endogeneity of new product development. The data are drawn from the first (2005) to the sixth (2015) wave of the Human Capital Corporate Panel (HCCP) Survey, which are matched to the data from the Korea Investors Service (KIS). The results of the first-stage estimation indicate that product innovation of the firm is promoted by the firm's knowledge capital stock, human resources investment, and market-leading strategy. The second-stage estimation results indicate a positive relationship between the firm's level of activity in product innovation and short-term revenue (per capita sales and its growth), and financial stability (lower debt-to-equity ratio and higher liquidity ratio). These findings confirm that the firm's investment in technology innovation and subsequent product innovation are important strategies to enhance both short-term corporate revenue and long-term financial stability.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.3-58
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• 1999

본고는 위기 이전 우리나라의 상위 재벌기업이 과연 정부의 암묵적 투자손실보전(implicit loss-protection)에 기인하여 위험이 큰 사업에 과다하게 투자하였는가를 실증적으로 규명하여 보고자 하였다. 본고는 먼저 이론적 모형을 통하여 한 경제에 투자손실보전에 대한 기대하에서 투자를 한 기업과 그렇지 않은 기업이 공존할 때, 전자는 후자에 비하여 1) 투자를 많이 하게 될 뿐 아니라, 2) 불확실성의 증가에 대하여 투자를 더욱 늘릴 유인이 존재한다는 것을 보여주었다. 본고는 실증분석에서는 우리나라 상장기업(제조업 및 전산업)의 투자함수를 1992년~97년 기간에 대해 매출액 가속도모형(sales accelerator model)을 이용하여 추정한 결과, 투자손실보전에 대한 기대가 투자결정시 가장 중요하게 작용하였을 것으로 선험적으로 판단되는 5대 재벌기업과 이러한 기대가 가장 작았을 것으로 판단되는 독립기업간에 이론적으로 예상되었던 차이가 관찰되었다. 먼저 전체표본기업에 대한 분석(pooled regressions)에서는 5대 재벌기업은 여타기업에 비하여 매출액의 시차분포와 같은 통상적인 투자의 결정요인으로 설명될 수 없는 높은 투자수준의 차이가 두 그룹간 미래 수익성 전망의 차이, 유동성제약의 정도에 있어서의 차이, 기업규모에서의 차이 등에 기인할 가능성은 작은 것으로 나타났다. 한편 그룹별 분석(regressions by group)에서 5대 재벌기업은 수익률의 불확실성이 증가할 때 오히려 투자를 늘리는 것으로 관찰되었는데, 이는 여타기업에서 불확실성의 계수가 유의하지는 않지만 음수로 추정된 것과는 대조적이었다. 위의 결과는 과거 우리나라의 상위 재벌기업들이 재벌의 부도를 정부가 정치 경제적으로 수용하기 어려울 것이라는 대마불사(大馬不死)의 기대하에 고위험사업에 과다하게 투자하였다는 주장을 뒷받침한다고 판단된다. 향후 유사한 문제의 재발 방지를 위해서는 투자결과에 대한 책임을 투자자인 기업이 져야 함을 철저히 인식하도록 제도 및 관행상 개선노력이 필요하다고 판단되며, 특히 부실기업정리과정에서 부실에 대한 책임을 투자자가 지는 선례(先例)를 확립해 나가는 것이 무엇보다 중요할 것이다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.295-311
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• 2011

The government is working out the development of a venture enterprise through a venture certification system. The broad effects of its policies are anticipated by the government and revealed in the 'The Survey on Actual Condition of Venture Enterprises 2010'. These benefits include the revitalization of start-up, promotion of technological innovation, progress in marketing ability, improvement in corporate image, financing and investment, and benefit from tax reduction & exemption. However, with the estimation of production function and sales function, which both uses capital and labor as a basic elements, it was found that only 'financing and ease of investment' produces a statistically significant effect on production and sales. An addition, this study looks into whether venture-supporting system are helpful to the eradication of technical inefficiency. The policies brought about positive changes in reduction of technical inefficiencies except with regard to the ease of start-up where it was found that an increase in inefficiencies was the result.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.5 s.101
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• pp.431-437
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• 2005

In korea, Freight generation models developed in korea were estimated by spatial unit method which predict freight flow by traffic zone. But it is difficult to predict freight generation using these models, because there are the difference of the totality method of sampling data on freight volume and the variability of the variables by these models on each case study, This study developed new estimation model to predict freight flow which is generated from each company using the characteristics of each company such as the freight outbound & inbound volume, the number of employee, sales, gross area, land area. This model is simpler than the that of spatial unit and can apply to the other region. The subjects of study were companies in metropolitan area and types of model were exponential regression models. The adequate explanatory variable in the models were sales. this study have a uniqueness apply micro research method to estimate freight generation not use spatial unit method but use flow unit method by each company unit.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1009-1014
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• 2009

The Internet has changed the daily lives of human being in Korea and elsewhere in the world. It has changed the paradigms of traditional commercial activities and created immense opportunities for new business models. Recently, there has been much attention to the internet shopping mall as a means of commercial transaction. To make internet shopping mall competitive, effective customer satisfaction service should be provided and it is necessary to dynamic analysis method for customers' purchasing pattern. In this paper we apply the sequential analysis to comparison of two kinds of sales through the analysis of customers' purchasing pattern.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.55-66
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• 2021

The mobile application (APP) market is growing at an unprecedented speed. Amid such growth, the global platform providers are mandating exclusive in-app payments and charging 30% for platform commission fees. A serious tension has arisen between mobile global platform providers and local content providers. The present study attempts to analyze the domestic mobile game market and in-app payment commission fees. This study estimates the size of the domestic mobile game market and platform commission fees by directly using publicly available financial statements and footnote information of some representative listed mobile game firms. Also, the study analyzes the cost structures of the same sample firms and attempts to draw some implications on sustainable growths of the mobile game ecosystem. We estimated that, in 2019, the domestic mobile game market is around 4.9 trillion Won and the ensuing in-app payment commission fees market was 1.5 trillion Won. High market share firms display a proportional increase in in-app payment commission fees in relation to sales growth. This, in turn, makes the in-app payment commission fees a primary cost item far exceeding employee salaries and R&D expenses. During the same period, low market share firms generated a mere profit or experienced net loss. Analysis of the cost structure reveals that these firms are even more liable to higher in-app payment commission fee cost structure than high market share. Most constituents of the mobile game ecosystem are small business entrepreneurs. By employing a micro-level analysis, the study estimates that, in 2019, a representative median firm generates 530 million Won in sales. At the same time, it spends 190 million Won in employee salaries, 50 Won million in R&D and 190 million Won in in-app payment commission fees, respectively. In the absence of other cost items, these three cost items alone account for 73.8% of sales revenue. The results imply that a sustainable growth of the local mobile game market heavily depends upon the cost structure of such representative median firm, the in-app payment commission fees being the primary cost item of such firm.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.111-126
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• 2000

Small area estimation is becoming important in survey sampling due to a growing demand for reliable small area statistics. In estimating means, totals, and other parameters for small areas of a finite population, samplie sizes for small areas are typically small because the overall sample size is usually determined to provide specific accuracy at a much higher level of aggregation than that of small area. The usual direct estimators that use the only information which is gotten from the sample in a given small area provide unreliable estimates. However, indirect estimators utilize the information from the areas related with a given small area, that is, borrow strength from other related areas, and so give more accurate estimates than direct estimators. In this paper we investigate small area estimation methods such as synthetic, composite and empirical best linear unbiased prediction estimator, and apply them to real domestic data which is from the Survey of Hotels and Restaurants in In-Chon as of 1996 and then evaluate the performance of these methods by measuring average squared errors. This evaluation shows that indirect estimators, which are small area estimation methods, are more efficient than direct estimator.