• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.269-279
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• 2010

This study investigates 4P's of developing food service products(Focused on Gwangju, Jeonnam area) and intends to set the direction for the relations between product, price, promotion, place and customer satisfaction and customer occupation. Statistical techniques employed includes reliability analysis and regression analysis. The study is based on the 220-questionnaire-survey conducted from July 6 to July 20, 2009 to five foodservice companies in Gwangju. The data collected of this study were analyzed with the frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis using the SPSS 12.0 package program. The findings of this study are as follows. Firstly, there are significant product, price, promotion and place factors that affect customer satisfaction. Secondly, there are significant product, price, promotion and place factors that affect customer occupation. Thus, food service management needs to apply product, price, promotion and place strategies aggressively.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.922-928
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• 2011

In order to properly manage the quality of water in Juam Lake, distributions and growth characteristics of submerged plants in Boknae flood control reservoir were investigated. In addition, the total amount of nutrient load by submerged plants were investigated. The total vegetation area was $1,146,849m^2$ of total flood control reservoirs ($1,848,568m^2$) before flooding. By August 19, all of Boknae flood control reservoir was flooded during rainy season. Dominant plants were MISSA (Miscanthus sacchariflorus), SCPMA (Scirpus fluviatilis) and CRXDM (Carex dimorpholepis) which occupied 87% of all flood control reservoirs. The total amounts of organic matter loads at different submerged plants were great in the order of CRXDM ($501,642kg\;area^{-1}$) > SCPMA ($20,987kg\;area^{-1}$) > MISSA ($3,413kg\;area^{-1}$). The total amounts of nitrogen loads by CRXDM, SCPMA and MISSA under different submerged plants were 56%, 3.9% and 0.8%, respectively. The total amounts of phosphorus loads at different submerged plants were on the order of CRXDM ($1,842kg\;area^{-1}$) > SCPMA ($78kg\;area^{-1}$) > MISSA ($14.8kg\;area^{-1}$). Therefore, the results of this study suggest that organic matter, T-N and T-P in water quality of Juam lake were strongly influenced by submerged plants in flood control reservoir.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.229-243
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a personality education program that can enhance the virtues of elementary school students, self-esteem, Consideration communication, self-control, honesty courage by using coaching methodologically, To improve the personality virtue. The subjects of this study were 31 students from 4th grade of U elementary school in S Gu, Seoul. The experimental group was divided into 16 sessions, weekly from March 5, 2018 to June 30, 2018, 1 hour (40 minutes). The program consisted of items such as self-esteem, Consideration communication, self-control, honesty courage among the personality virtues of KEDI personality test, Each activity used a tough coaching model developed by combining the GROW model with the Empowering model and considering the developmental level of elementary school students. As a result, all four virtues of personality were significantly improved, model with the Empowering model and considering the developmental level of elementary school students. We compared pre and post test result with paired t-test. As a results, the experimental group showed improvement in all four virtues of personality at 0.05 significance level, whereas the control group did not. This suggests that the program can be usefully used as a tool to improve four virtues of personality of elementary school students. For further research, we expect that the program would be integrated with state-of-art technology such as online program or CBI(Computer-Based Instruction).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.604-614
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the acceptance commitment therapy program (ACT) on the psychological flexibility, self-compassion, recovery in alcohol dependents. The ACT program contains skills that establish acceptance and willingness, defusion, self-as-context, contact with the present moment, clarifying values, and committed action. This study was intended to enhance the effects on the psychological flexibility, self-compassion, recovery in alcohol dependents with ACT program. Fifteen inpatients with alcohol dependence were participated in the ACT group and the same number of participants were in the both CBT control group and TAU control group. The ACT program was held once a week, eight times, and each session was 90-minute long. Repeated measure of MANOVA and post-hoc were used to compare pre-test mean with post-test and with follow-up test mean. As a result of ACT program, positive changes were assured in the psychological flexibility including acceptance, cognitive defusion, being present, committed action and the increase of self-compassion and of recovery in alcoholics.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.172-180
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to observe the heat transfer process in in-vivo human muscle based on Proton Resonance Frequency(PRF) method in Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). MRI was obtained to measure the temperature variation according to the heat transfer in phantom and in-vivo human calf muscle. A phantom(2% agarose gel) was used in this experiment. MR temperature measurement was compared with the direct temperature measurement using a T-type thermocouple. After heating agarose gel to more than 5$0^{\circ}C$ in boiling hot water, raw data were acquired every 3 minutes during one hour cooling period for a phantom case. For human study heat was forced to deliver into volunteer's calf muscle using hot pack. Reference data were once acquired before a hot pack emits heat and raw data were acquired every 2 minutes during 30minutes. Acquired raw data were reconstructed to phase-difference images with reference image to observe the temperature change. Phase-difference of the phantom was linearly proportional to the temperature change in the range of 34.2$^{\circ}C$ and 50.2$^{\circ}C$. Temperature resolution was 0.0457 radian /$^{\circ}C$(0.0038 ppm/$^{\circ}C$) in phantom case. In vivo-case, mean phase-difference in near region from the hot pack is smaller than that in far region. Different temperature distribution was observed in proportion to a distance from heat source.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.2594-2603
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• 1997

A novel method of adaptive beam forming is presented in this paper. The proposed technique provides for a suboptimal beam pattern that increases the Signal to Noise/Interference Ratio (SNR/SIR), thus, eventually increases the capacity of the communication channel, under an assumption that the desired signal is dominant compared to each component of interferences at the receiver, which is precoditionally achieved in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) mobile communications by the chip correlator. The main advantages of the new technique are:(1)The procedure requires neither reference signals nor training period, (2)The signal interchoerency does not affect the performance or complexity of the entire procedure, (3)The number of antennas does not have to be greater than that of the signals of distinct arrival angles, (4)The entire procedure is iterative such that a new suboptimal beam pattern be generated upon the arrival of each new data of which the arrival angle keeps changing due tot he mobility of the signal source, (5)The total amount of computation is tremendously reduced compared to that of most conventional beam forming techniques such that the suboptimal beam pattern be produced at vevery snapshot on a real-time basis. The total computational load for generating a new set of weitht including the update of an N-by-N(N is the number of antenna elements) autocovariance matrix is $0(3N^2 + 12N)$. It can further be reduced down to O(11N) by approximating the matrix with the instantaneous signal vector.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.478-485
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• 2014

This study is to form the self assembly of cubic crystalline phase to penetrate into the skin epidermis. The various performance synthesized diglyceryl phytylacetate (DGPA) having hydroxyl group (-OH) and 4 methyl chains with phytyl group was carried out as an amphoteric lipid such as emulsifying power, self assembly. Emulsifying activity of DGPA was very stabilized on only 1% of small content, it could make a W/O emulsion containing high internal phase incorporated with water. Cubic liquid crystal structure with DGPA on three-phase diagram was formed, when mixed DGPA, dimethicone (2CS), and water. Through three-phase diagram forming the cubic liquid crystal area, hexagonal structure zone, and mixing water phase and hexagonal structure area, reversed micelle area were respectively certified. Its structure was proved by the SAXS (small angled x-ray scattering) analysis. As an application, formation of cubosome containing 10% of magnesium ascorbylphosphate and 5% of pyridoxine tris-hexyldecanoate was encapsulated. Occlusive effect of cubosome had above 1.7 times better than reversed micelle. From using poloxamer of dispersing agent, phase structure recovered from W/O emulsion to cubic liquid crystal phase when storage in $33^{\circ}C$ incubator. Therefore, our this study is expected to be as epidermal-dermal skin absorbers in skin care cosmetics and pharmaceuticals industries as raw materials to form a cubic crystal phase through a more in-depth research to DGPA having amphoteric lipid property.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.23-38
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• 2016

Previous studies on information systems (IS) and finance suggest that information on stock message boards influence the investment decisions of individual investors. However, how information on online stock message boards influences an individual investor's buy or sell decisions is unclear. To address this research question, we investigate the relationship between a number of posts on stock message boards and order imbalance in stock markets. Order imbalance is defined as the difference between the daily sum of buy-side shares traded and the daily sum of sell-side shares traded. Therefore, order imbalance can suggest the direction of trades and the strength of the direction with trading volumes. In this regard, this study examines how the number of posts (information on stock message boards) influences order imbalance (stock trading behavior). We collected about 46,077 messages of 40 companies on the Korea Composite Stock Price Index from Paxnet, the most popular Korean online stock message board. The messages we collected were divided based on in-trading and after-trading hours to examine the relationship between the numbers of posts and trading volumes. We also collected order imbalance data on individual investors. We then integrated the balanced panel data sets and analyzed them through vector regression. We found that the number of posts on online stock message boards is positively related to prior order imbalance. We believe that our findings contribute to knowledge in IS and finance. Furthermore, this study suggests that investors should carefully monitor information on stock message boards to understand stock market sentiments.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.8
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• pp.13-24
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• 2007

The Department of Fine Art requested the conservation science team to examine the technique of painting with gold powder on the gold painted porcelains, which were made in Korea and China, among the items possessed by National Museum of Korea in order to publish it in the research paper collection of the Exchange Exhibition of Korea and China Porcelains. Among the items possessed by National Museum of Korea, such items were included as, an item of Koryo inlaid celadon (No. Gaesung 106), called the celadon with inlaid work (Korean name: Cheongjasanggam suhawonmun geumchaepyunho), which was decorated in the layer of glaze using gold power, an items of tea cup called "Temmku da wan" (No. Bongwan 10011), which was manufactured in the time of Song dynasty of Chinese history, an items of gold cup called "Siyuchohwamun hwageumwan" (No. Bongwan 2027), and an items of a porcelain called "Siyuwan" (No. Duksoo 3322). As the result of the examination, the stabilizing method of baking the decorated porcelains is similar, after they are painted with the pigment mixed with fine gold powder and the glaze solvent, but the treatment method of the colors is a little different among them. In other words, there is a big difference between them, for example, in the case of Koryo celadon, because the gold coloring was painted carefully one by one on the splendid decorations of inlaid works, while in the case of Chinese porcelains, butterflies or arabesque designs are decorated on the layer of the glaze in the porcelains of no decoration, using the stencil skill. According to the result of this examination, the part of the porcelain, whose layer of gold color was peeled off, could be restored, and as the result of the restoration, it was confirmed how beautiful and splendid the gold porcelain had been at the time of being manufactured.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.101-107
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• 2007

In this paper, we proposed an stable optical security system using interferometer and cascaded phase keys. For the encryption process, a BPCGH(binary phase computer generated hologram) that reconstructs the origial image is designed, using an iterative algorithm and the resulting hologram is regarded as the image to be encrypted. The BPCGH is encrypted through the exclusive-OR operation with the random generated phase key image. For the decryption process, we cascade the encrypted image and phase key image and interfere with reference wave. Then decrypted hologram image is transformed into phase information. Finally, the origianl image is recovered by an inverse Fourier transformation of the phase information. During this process, interference intensity is very sensitive to external vibrations. a stable interference pattern is obtained using self-pumped phase-conjugate minor made of the photorefractive material. In the proposed security system, without a random generated key image, the original image can not be recovered. And we recover another hologram pattern according to the key images, so can be used an authorized system.