• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2008

Purpose : In recent years, many countries have adopted newborn screening programs that use tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to screen and the number of diseases screened has also increased. We began screening for inherited metabolic disorders using MS/MS in April, 2001. Our goal was to determine the overall prevalence of metabolic disorders and to assess the effectiveness of newborn screening by MS/MS in Korea. Methods : From April, 2001 to December, 2007, we screened newborns and high risk groups using MS/MS. Acylcarnitines and amino acids were extracted and butylated and were introduced into the inlet of MS/MS. Confirmatory testing including a repeat newborn screening, and urine organic acid and plasma amino acid analysis were performed on a case-by-case basis. Results : The total number of screened subjects 284,933 which comprised 251,799 neonates and 33,134 high risk subjects. The recall rate was 0.4% (1158 tests) and true positive cases were 117 (0.04%). Confirmed metabolic disorders (newborn/high risk group) were as follows; 78 (25/53) amino acid disorders, 27 (16/11) organic acid disorders, and 12 (5/7) fatty acid oxidation disorders. The estimated prevalence of inherited metabolic diseases in newborns was 1:5,000 and that in the total group was 1:2,000. Conclusion : Newborn screening by MS/MS improved the detection of many inherited metabolic disorders. We therefore propose that all newborns be screened by a MS/MS national program and followed-up using a systemic organization strategy.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.252-260
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Currently, national biomass inventory are being established for efficient management of the potential energy sources. Among the various types of biomass, agricultural wastes are considered to take the biggest portion of the total annual biomass generated in Korea, implying its importance. However, the currently estimated amount is not reliable because the old reference data are still used to estimate total annual amount of agricultural wastes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Therefore, to provide reliable estimation data, a correct conversion factor obtained by taking into account the current situation is required. For this, the current study was conducted to provide the conversion factors for each representative 8 crop through a field cultivation study. Also conversion factors for 18 crops were calculated using the average amount of each crop produced during 2004 and 2008, subsequently; total amount of agricultural wastes generated in 2009 was estimated using these conversion factors. The total biomass of rice straw and rice husk generated in 2009 were 6.5 and 1.1 million tons, respectively, which consist 75% of the total agricultural based wastes, while the total biomass of pepper shoots and apple pruning twigs were 1.0 and 0.6 million tons, respectively. Despite the high amount of rice-based biomass, their applicability for bio-energy production is low due to conventional utilization of these materials for animal feeds and beds for animal husbandry. In addition to exact estimation of the total biomass, temporal variations in both generated amount and the type of agricultural biomass materials are also important for efficient utilization; fruit pruning twigs (January to March); barley-, been-, and mustard-related waste materials (April to June); rice-related waste (September to October). CONCLUSION(s): Such information provided in this study can be used to establish a master plan for efficient utilization of the agricultural wastes on purpose of bio-energy production.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2007

Purpose : Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is effective screening test for inherited metabolic diseases. In this study, we estimate potential costs and benefits of using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to screen new borns for inherited metabolic diseases (phenylketonuria, BH4 deficiency, citrullinemia, maple syrup urine disease, propionic aciduria, isovaleric aciduria, glutaric aciduria type 1, LCHAD deficiency) in Korea. Methods : From April 2001 to March 2004, 79,179 new borns were screened for amino acid disorders, organic acid disorders, and fatty acid oxidative disorders. Twenty-eight new borns were diagnosed with one of the metabolic disorder and the collective estimated prevalence amounted to 1 in 2,800 with a sensitivity of 97.67%, a specificity of 99.28%, a recall rate of 0.05%, and a positive preditive value of 6.38%. We calculated and compared the total costs in case when neonatal screening on pheny lketonuria, BH4 deficiency, citrullinemia, maple syrup urine disease, propionic aciduria, isovaleric aciduria, glutaric aciduria type 1, LCHAD deficiency is implemented, and when not. Results : If the neonatal screening on pheny lketonuria, BH4 deficiency, citrullinemia, maple syrup urine disease, propionic aciduria, isovaleric aciduria, glutaric aciduria type 1, LCHAD deficiency is implemented, total benefits far exceed costs at a ratio of 1.40:1. Conclusion : Although, this study only concerns the monetary aspects of the neonatal screening, tandem mass spcetrometry for neonatal screening is cost-effective compared with not screening. The study appears to support the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry into a Korea neonatal screening programme for inherited metabolic diseases.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2014

Fine root distribution was investigated in Pinus densiflora stands using soil core sampling and minirhizotrons, and conversion factors and regression equations were developed for converting minirhizotron data into fine root biomass. Fine root biomass was measured by soil core sampling from October, 2012 to September, 2013 once a month except for the winter, and surface area of fine roots was estimated by minirhizotrons from May to August, 2013 once a month. Fine root biomass and surface area were significantly higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower soil layers. Fine root biomass showed seasonal patterns; the mean fine root biomass ($kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$) in summer (3,762.4) and spring (3,398.0) was significantly higher than that in autumn (2,551.6). Vertical and seasonal patterns of fine root biomass might be related to the soil bulk density, nutrient content and temperature with soil depth, and seasonal changes of soil and air temperature. Conversion factors (CF) between fine root surface area from minirhizotron data and fine root biomass from soil core sampling were developed for the three soil depths. Then a linear regression equation was developed between the predicted fine root biomass using CF and the measured fine root biomass (y = 79.7 + 0.93x, $R^2=0.81$). We expect to estimate the long-term dynamics of fine roots using CF and regression equation for P. densiflora forests in Korea.

• Bulletin of Korea Environmental Preservation Association
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• s.399
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• pp.20-21
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• 2012

우리나라는 좁은 국토에 많은 인구가 밀집한 관계로 단위면적당 폐기물의 발생량이 세계 최고 수준이며, 해양 오염 방지를 위해 유기성 폐기물 해양 배출을 금지한 런던협약 등 기후변화 관련 규제가 강화되고 있다. 또한 화석연료의 고갈화로 대체에너지 개발이 시급한 현시점에서 폐자원 에너지화 사업의 인프라 구축 및 대응책 수립이 요구되고 있다. 이에 우리나라는 2008년 5월 "폐기물 에너지화 종합대책" 이후 2009년 7월 "폐자원 및 바이오매스 에너지 대책" 실행계획 수립으로 폐기물 에너지화 사업 도입을 적극 추진하고 있다. 폐자원 에너지화 기술은 화석연료 대체로 인한 온실가스 감축효과가 있어 폐기물 처리, 화석연료 대체, 온실가스 감축이라는 일석삼조의 기술이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.3 s.18
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

The primary source of disaster information for victims as well as ordinary people is mass media. In spite of their importance, the media often inaccurately portrays reality, which has stimulated academic debates. In Korea, however, media reporting patters of disaster have been hardly addressed. Therefore, the paper analyzes how newspaper and television news have reported typhoon Rusa between August 29 and October 1 in 2002 by using KINDS(Korean Integrated News Database System). The results show that television news tend to present more soft news stories emphasizing human interest stories than newspaper articles, relying on victims as primary interviewees. It is also pointed out that the Korean media do not play a significant role in providing disaster information to public regarding how to lessen the effects of impact through preparation. Disaster mythology representing wrong beliefs about human behavior in disaster is found in Korean media reporting, too. Unlike their western counterparts, however, Korean media seem to use the dependency image of helpless victims in order to stimulate donations. Analyses of disaster reporting patterns suggest that, in make disaster warning messages associated with behavioral responses, credible and official sources should provide clear and precise warning messages to the media, and the media also need to stress individual responsibilities in protecting his or her own properties not to make victims heavily dependent on public supports, while inducing donations.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.83-98
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• 2020

This study analyzes how investors' irrational behavior (or pessimistic sentiment) affects stock market returns and investors' market activity using mass media that delivered public information from January 1998 to December 2012 as a sample. According to pessimistic investor theory, investor pessimism leads to downward pressure on the price of equity capital, thereby making market sentiment pessimistic and lowering market yields. It also shows that investor pessimism increases transaction costs in the market, which in turn dampens investors' trading activities. In other words, pessimistic reporting on public information disseminated by mass media induces investors to act irrationally, eventually having a direct impact on the stock market. This study conducted an empirical analysis of the existing theoretical and empirical studies using domestic mass media as a sample. First, the study revealed a negative correlation between pessimistic reporting and returns as well as excess returns, while it did not show statistically significant results. Second, evidence has been suggested that pessimistic sentiment in the stock market has a negative impact on future pessimistic reporting by mass media. Third, the analysis of the impact of pessimistic reporting on investors' market activity using proxy variables for various market activities found that pessimism dampens market activity, while it did not show statistically significant results. It is assumed that low statistical significance is due to the fact that sample collection was carried out on a monthly basis. While the results of the study have low statistical significance, statistical signs support predictions of the theory.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.12 no.2 s.124
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• pp.48-51
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• 1980

대한상공회의소는 지난 1월 18일 상공회의소 중 회의실에서 축산물 유통개선에 관한 간담회를 개최하였다. 이제 축산물은 국민식생활의 중요한 부분을 차지하게 되었으며 이러함에도 불구하고 축산업은 생산 유통 소비부문 어느 한 분야도 올바른 기능을 발휘하지 못하고 있는 형편이다. 그중에도 특히 유통분야는 축산물이 남을 때나 모자랄 때나 항상 매스콤에 문제의 원흉으로 등장하였고, 유통담당자는 생산자나 소비자로부터 공격의 표적이 되어 왔었다. 축산물 유통의 현황 문제점 개선 방안은 무엇인지를 이날 발표된 내용중에서 발최 게재한다.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.22-28
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• 2010

This study analyzed the performance of passive solar system for office building. A unit model of the passive solar system was proposed in order to predict its performance under varying parameters and Seoul weather date. Steady state heat transfer equations were set up using a energy balanced equations and solved using a inverse matrix method. Numerical simulation program to analyze system was developed by using MATLAB. As the results, the passive solar system performance of office building was determined by the insolation and the outdoor air temperature. Also the passive solar system indicate 6.7~16.2% of annual average efficiency. In the comparison with other systems of the conventional wall, mass wall could reduce the heating loads of 7.1% and trombe wall could reduce heating loads of 11.5%. Through this study, performance of passive solar system for office building was verified by numerical method. Consequently, the passive solar system could operate an important role as the alternative for saving energy consumption of office building, and the additional studies should be made through the experimental method for the commercialization.

• 공원문화
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• s.43
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• pp.30-31
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• 1989

지난 7월 25일 경부터 10일간 호남지방을 때린 호우와 그뒤에 불어 닥친 폭태풍주디호의 내습에 의한 경남.전남지방의 농사.도로.항만파손, 가옥유실피해는 7월중의 통계만봐도 인명 164명(실종포함)에 재산피해액 2,593억원에 달하고 있다. (중앙재해대책본부집계) 매스콤은 일제히 수재의연금품 모집의 사고와 기사를 싣고 동포애발휘를 호소하면서 8월초순에 접어들자 전국의 신문.방송.TV는 홍수피해기사와 연달아 8일자 조선일보1면톱 "하수하루 240만톤강에 방류.5개직할시 처리시설 부족. 하천오염.건설부국회자료" 기사를 효시로 5대강이 썩어감에 따른 식수비상을 일제히 대서특필하기 시작했다. 한강등의 중금속오염경고 학계발표를 인용보도한것은 4공화국의 말기였고 한때 문교부가 학계발표에 제동을 걸어 식수오염문제발표는 위축되어 초점을 잃고 죽은 어류사진과 거품이 떠내려가는 말초적인 현황보도에 그쳤고 원인분석등 심층보도는 연구기관의 공식발표에 의존할 방법밖에 없어 "알듯모르듯"하는 선에서 방황했었다. 8월초순부터 20일 동안은 하천오염에 따른 오늘의 식수문제가 성대의 이슈로 지면을 덮었고 반드시 개선돼야 할 중대사이기에 기록해둔다.