• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5885-5889
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• 2013

In general, the network survivability means that The user do not know the network faults and the recovery of those. For this, we use the dual(multi) routes between each two nodes. It is important that the each dual routes have efficient costs(or minimum). Even if one route is the minimum cost in case of no fault, another route of dual may be very large cost in case of fault case. Therefore we need the dual routes of each two nodes having the efficient(or minimum) costs. In this paper we find the network design method for the dual routes of each two node having the efficient costs. Although the design method is very simple and heuristic and it may be not useful for some networks, we will use it in various network environment.. Because this design method can be used very easy. A sample design will proof this usefulness.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1987

구강보건은 상병에 이환 되어 있지 않고, 정신 작용과 사회생활에 장애가 되지 않는 구강조직 및 장기의 상태이고, 이러한 구강건강을 보전 내지 증진시키려는 계속적인 노력과정이 구강보건이라고 정의할 수 있다. 한편 교육에 대한 정의는 시대나 사회에 따라 다르고, 보는 사람의 입장이나 가치관에 따라 다양하다. 그러나 대체적으로 교육은 인간의 행동을 계획적으로 바람직한 방향으로 변화시키고자하는 인간형성의 작용이라 말할 수 있겠다. 즉 목적 달성과정이라고 할 수 있는 것이다.

• 종축개량
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.46-53
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• 1992

본 강연의 취지는 고능력우의 번식관리에 대해 다시 한번 뒤돌아보고 고능력우군에서 흔히 찾아볼 수 있는 평범한 문제점들을 낙농가에게 알리는데 있다. 본 강연의 내용은 기록, 발정주기, 발정 발견의 기술, 수정, 수정관리, 그리고 번식장애를 포함한 여러분야에 대한 일반적인 관찰이다. 가장 중요한 것으로 많은 불임의 문제점들을 해결하는 단서로서의 적절한 발정의 발견까지 포함한다. 발정의 조기 발견과 12달 내지 13달의 이상적인 분만간격으로 이끄는 시기 적절한 수정을 통하여 가장 좋은 수익을 올리는데 그 목적이 있다. 여기서는 영양, 유전, 인공수정 기술 혹은 수정란 이식을 자세하게 언급하지 않았지만, 앞에서 말한 모든 것들이 이해되고 실천되도록 하기 위한 번식기능에 대해 기본적으로 이해시키고자 한다.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.10 s.365
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

환경의 세기를 코 앞에 두고 세계는 깨끗한 에너지원 개발에 열을 올리고 있다. 그중에서도 가장 촉망을 받고 있는 연료전지는 온갖 장애를 극복하면서 이제 실용화 단계로 들어섰다. 1999년 3월 17일에는 다임러-크라이슬러사의 쥬르겐 슈렘프회장이 기자들에게 "연료전지자동차 개발경쟁은 끝났다. 이제 우리는 그 비용을 오늘날의 내연엔진수준으로 끌어 내리는 경쟁을 개시했으며 2004년까지 목표를 달성할 것"이라고 말했다. 깨끗하고 조용하며 효과적인 연료전지는 그 응용분야가 자동차만 아니라 셀전화(이동전화)에서 랩탑컴퓨터와 가정용전력공급에 이르기까지 다양하고 폭넓은 범위로 번져 나가 21세기의 우리 생활양식에도 큰 변화를 가져 올 것으로 보인다. 연료전지개발의 현장을 찾는다.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.93-100
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• 1994

애성은 후두질환 특히 성대의 질환으로 인하여 소리의 구성요소인 음질(음색), 높이 세기(크기) 및 지속시간등에 이상이 있는 것을 말하며 그 정도의 성질은 여러 가지가 있으나 이것을 여러 방법으로 분류하는 것은 애성의 "메카니즘"을 알기 위해서도, 또 애성의 치료 효과를 알기 위해서도 유익하며 필요하다. 이제까지는 애성은 단지 주관적으로, 애성 (+), (++), (+)등으로 기록하여 왔으나 애성을 잘 들으면 보다 많은 진단에 도움이 되는 정보가 포함되어 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 이런 것을 상세하게 판정하여 기재하는 것은 장애의 진행, 개선, 수술후의 경과 등을 알기 위해서 임상상 크게 참고가 된다. (중략)

• MALSORI
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• no.47
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• pp.141-151
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• 2003

The speech intelligibility of congenitally deafened children shows the change after cochlear implantation. The predicting factors of change in speech intelligibility are the age of implantation, the duration of implant use, and communication mode etc.. Among these factors, the age of implantation seems to be one of the most important predictors. But those factors including age of implantation can explain only some parts of the variance. Therefore, the further study to find the factors which affect the speech intelligibility should be done.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 2007

An epidemiologic investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence of symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in college students that aged 19-31 years. 460 students were investigated with a questionnaire from September to December 2006. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The prevalence of symptoms of temporomandibular disorders was 80.6%. 2. The most frequently complained symptom was headache and joint sound was the next one without distinct difference between men and women. 3. While the rate of occurrence of symptom of acute malocclusion decreased with age in men, that of TMJ pain during chewing or speech increased with age in women. 4. Symptoms including TMJ pain during mouth opening, chewing or speech, TMJ fatigue and acute malocclusion occurred significantly more frequently in women than in men. Contributing factors including resting cheeks on hands, stressful state, gum chewing, insomnia and clenching occurred significantly more frequently in women than in men. 5. There was a highly significant relationship between symptoms and contributing factors including resting cheeks on hands, stressful state, unilateral chewing, insomnia and clenching. 6. There was a highly significant relationship between symptoms and general personality.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 2020

The study aims to verify the effects of volleyball programs on the fitness and attention-intensive abilities of students with intellectual disabilities in middle school. Physical strength and attention concentration were analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the volleyball program. The volleyball program was applied to the experimental group three times a week, 90 minutes a week, a total of 36 times for 12 weeks. To verify the effectiveness of physical strength and attention concentration, the PPS-D intellectual disability student test and ATA concentration test were used to verify the effectiveness of attention concentration The six-minute walking figure related to cardiopulmonary functions was improved compared to those with intellectual disabilities who did not participate in the volleyball program, the report showed. We can see improvements in muscular function-related sit-ups and flexibility-related sit-ups compared to those with intellectual disabilities who did not participate, and significant changes have been seen in the distance of the place-wide jump related to net worth. We could also confirm that it had a positive effect on the improvement of selective attention concentration, and that the change in self-control, continuous attention, and selective attention among middle school students had a positive effect on the improvement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.104-107
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• 2019

Modern people have abundant food and various forms of life compared to the past, but they have come to form an unhealthy diet, such as skipping breakfast and not eating in time in a busy life. When these eating habits are maintained for a long time, it leads to digestive trouble. The most easily occurring symptoms are called reflux esophagitis and dysphagia. Among them, dysphagia requires quick and accurate diagnosis as they develop into various forms of complications or are also identified as presymptoms of gastric and laryngeal cancers. The result of the diagnosis is still passively judged by the doctor and each of results are different depending on the doctor. The result of the diagnosis here means the severity. When they identify treatment or complications following the results of the diagnosis, the wrong diagnosis may lead to excessive or insufficient treatment. In this paper, to figure out the severity of dysphagia in the diagnosis of dysphagia, we studied the development of a program using the K-means algorithm in the processing of X-ray images for identifying residual food in epiglottic vallecula and pyriform sinus in the section leading to esophagus.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hand tapping on the accuracy and the fluency of speech production in children with speech sound disorder(SSD) and their typically developing peers(TD). Methods : The study subjects were 15 SSD children and 15 TD children aged 4, 5, and 6 years of age. Subjects were asked to give a picture name without hand tapping in the first experimental condition, and with hand tapping in the second experiment condition. Results : The results showed that hand tapping significantly increased disfluency in TD, whereas in SSD. it did not affect the accuracy or fluency of speech production. In addition, TD demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the changes of accuracy and disfluency due to hand tapping, whereas SSD had no correlation. Conclusion : We discussed the possibility that hand tapping could serve as an obstacle distracting attention from SSD and TD, acting as a motor gesture to facilitate phonological processing when facing the difficulty in lexical retrieval for SSD.