• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2017

This study focuses on evaluating that South Korea has the territorial right of Manzhouguo with disconfirming that China had the territorial right of Manzhouguo after the Second World War. This study also suggests the necessity of territorial cultures with establishing the theory of cultural territories and territorial cultures. The four main territorial cultures of Manzhouguo that are the burial culture, the place name cultural, the cadastral, and the folk culture were analyzed with Classifying territorial cultures. The results shows that territorial cultures of Manzhouguo is the same with territorial cultures of South Korea. Thus, This study suggests that territorial cultures of Manzhouguo should be vest to South Korea and not to China, because of the theory of cultural territories, which is that territorials can be defined with cultures and territorial cultures, which cultures can be defined with territorials.

• 사료
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• s.16
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• pp.2-4
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• 2005

농림부 국립수의과학검역원은 최근 고병원성 조류인플루엔자가 태국 ․ 베트남 등 동남아국가에 이어 러시아 ㆍ 카자흐스탄 ㆍ 몽골 등 우리나라 주변국에서 잇따라 발생하고 있고, 특히 러시아(시베리아 등), 만주 등지에서 조류인플루엔자 주요 전파 요인이 되는 북방철새(가창오리, 청둥오리, 기러기 등)의 국내 도래시기(10월말)가 다가오고 있어 철새 등에 의한 고병원성 조류인플루엔자의 국내 유입이 매우 우려됨에 따라 이를 사전에 차단하고자 10월 14일부로 조류인플루엔자 예보를 발령했다

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 1984

The length of anthers, filaments and glumes (Palea and lemma) of leading rice cultivars was measured before and after anthesis. A few cultivars which have long anthers and filaments after anthesis were identified. Correlation coefficients between measurements were calculated.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.19
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• pp.23-41
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate about security service history on 1930s in Korea. This study used materials by historical facts for the regulations, books and newspapers in 1930s. In 1930s, security service was unknown details of the historical contents so far. There are four parts conclusion of this study: police department of provisional government, security service agency in the provisional government, security service agents of an independence movement, the general society of Korea. Firstly, Korean regional government in Manchuria, which Kokminbu(國民府) organized the security service agency(警護局) for protect government and public security. Most importantly, the security service agency appearanced an important place which were the independence movement and self-governing administration for Koreans in Manchuria. And the security service agency was required by the security service regulations(警護條例) as law. Secondly, diversity activities of security service in police were exposed the duty as 'car escort service(車輛警護)' for offenders, the 'township office guard' from mobsters, 'woodland protect service(林野警護團)' for fire-raisers. security service as police officer were widely application for protection and safety from danger. Thirdly, Mass society was needed to service for public security in daily events such as 'noted singer meeting', 'funeral procession to the graveyard', 'athletic meeting' as private establishment of security service agency in nowadays. people were wanted the private security service(私警護) from 1930s to present. Fourthly, Overseas security service mentioned in attack of politician, protect from poison and security service about train vessel fleet. In 1930s, security service is comprehensive protection which were not only bodyguard, but also safeguard for hazardous materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.423-431
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• 2017

This study analyzed the educational background, career, and post-retirement activities of notable bureaucrats employed at Chosun Railway Bureau during the Japanese colonial period in Korea. First, significantly, most railway bureaucrats were of Japanese origin, being specialized in railway operations and adjusted to occupation in a reserved organizational environment for a considerable time period. Second, the Japanese showed explicit eagerness to work at the Chosun Railway, which fitted their ideology of railway bureaucrats. In addition, almost 60% of the bureaucrat population had strong educational experience from Tokyo Imperial University, which is equal to the percentage of graduates from other institutions operating during the Japanese colonial period. Moreover, in the very early period of building the railway system, the demand for specialists was higher than for other jobs and divisions because of the railroad's complex infrastructure, which resulted in high job appointment rates. In a similar sense, based on a strong affiliation of bureaucrats with railways, the number of bureaucrats from Japanese Railway Worker's Bureau was higher initially because of bureaucrats from South Manchurian Railway Company. These changes essentially contributed to alteration of bureaucrats' awareness and created a more positive attitude regarding the Chosun Railway. In the meantime, as opposed to the Taiwan and Manchurian Railways, both Chosun Railway and the Taiwan Railway were operated in compliance with strong bureaucratic traditions.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.95-103
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• 2021

Startup enterprises are expanding at an alarming rate in both industrialized and developing countries simultaneously. Many difficulties confront young entrepreneurs in terms of organizational and human resource management. As a result, it is critical to research startup enterprises because they have received little attention from the scientific community. In this study, we solely considered new startup enterprises operating at the small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) level in a developing country (Pakistan). The information was gathered through a survey method from ten businesses located in the metropolitan metropolis of Lahore. The correlation analysis was conducted to determine whether or not the hypothesized relationship between research variables was true. We discovered a positive and statistically significant association between all of the proposed hypotheses. The findings of this study have significant implications for industry, academics, and policymakers.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.69-81
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• 2021

Pakistan is a South Asian auspicious developing country. Based on the corruption perception index report 2020 by transparency international, Pakistan has ranked 124 with total scores of 31 globally and 188 ranks with a score of -2.25 in terms of political stability ranging from 0 (lowest) to 100 (highest). More crucially, the inflow of foreign direct investment toward Pakistan has declined between 2008 and 2019. Though political instability and government corruption have both positive and negative linear relationships with foreign direct investment, we tested the moderating impact of government corruption between political instability and inward foreign direct investment over time. We also tested the relationship between political instability and inward foreign direct investment in different phases of political regimes in the same country. Our results suggested that authoritarian regimes attracted more inward foreign direct investment than that during democratic periods of government. Furthermore, we found that there was low inward foreign direct investment when government corruption was high in the country. However, government corruption weakened the positive relationship between political instability and inward foreign direct investment (FDI).

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.30
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• pp.123-159
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• 2010

Dongyi (Chinese: 東夷; pinyin: $D{\bar{o}}ngy{\acute{i}}$; Wade-Giles: Tung-yi; literally "eastern 'barbarians'") was a collective term for people in eastern China and in the east of China. People referred to as Dongyi vary across the ages. The early Dongyi culture was one of earliest neolithic cultures in China. According to the earliest Chinese record, Zuo Zhuan, the Shang Dynasty was attacked by King Wu of Zhou, while attacking Dongyi, and collapsed afterwards Dongyi culture was one of the oldest neolithic cultures in China. Some Chinese scholars extend the historical use of Dongyi to prehistoric times, according to this belief, the neolithic culture correlates to Houli culture, Beixin culture, Dawenkou culture, Longshan culture and Yueshi culture, five evolutionary phases. Deliang He, thinks that Dongyi culture used to be one of the leading cultures in neolithic China. The writing system of Dongyi was one of the oldest writing systems in neolithic China. There are opinions that the 20 pictogram characters discovered in a Dongyi tomb (山東?縣大汶口墓葬) in Shangdong indictates some of the characters found, like "旦, 越, 斤, 皇, 封, 酒, 拍, ?", are still used in Chinese characters. There are also opinions that Dongyi people were the inventor of arrows. Some classic Chinese history records like Zuo Zhuan, Shuowen Jiezi, Classic of Rites, all have some similar records about this. [3][4] The legendary god of archery in Chinese mythology, Houyi, could also be a Dongyi leader. Based on archeology findings, Dongyi people's ancestral worship totem is bird-shaped. In the meantime, The fundamental thing that Koreans should do is to find out Korean identy. Koreans cannot achieve their goals unless they enforce politics economics, educations, etc. in harmony with their own identity. However, some people say that Koreans do not have any dentity on the grounds that there is no Korean traditional thought. This view is, however, absolutely absurd because it is impossible for a nation to exist for oner five thousand years without having it's own native characteristics. The most essential thought in Korean identity is Confucius' In(仁). In is originated from Yi(夷) or Yi-jok(夷族)'s heart. On this account, Confucius' In can be a precious thought to Korean people who have been suffering from many problem caused by the absence of Korean identity. If Korean could understand their original characteristics and if Korean couldrealize that their original characteristics are Confucius' In, then our culture and identity recovery of though may maximize efficiency of country and society development.

• Journal of Korean Historical Folklife
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• no.27
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• pp.267-361
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• 2008

This article traces how the modern Chinese "nation" was constructed as an "imagined community" around Huang-ti (the Yellow Emperor) in late Qing. Huang-ti was a legendary figure in ancient China and the imperial courts monopolized the worship of him. Many late Qing intellectuals appropriated this symbolic figure and, through a set of discursive strategies of "framing, voice and narrative structure," transformed him into a privileged symbol for modern Chinese national identity. What Huang-ti could offer was, however, no more than a "public face" for the imagined new national community, or in other words, a formal structure without substantial contents. No consensus appeared on whom the Chinese nation should include and where the Chinese nation should draw its boundaries. The anti-Manchu revolutionaries emphasized the primordial attachment of blood and considered modern China an exclusive community of Huang-ti's descent. The constitutional reformers sought to stretch the boundaries to include the ethnic groups other than the Han. Some minority intellectuals, particularly the Manchu ones, re-constructed the historic memory of their ethnic origin around Huang-ti. The quarrels among intellectuals of different political persuasion testify how Huang-ti as the most powerful cultural symbol became a site for contests and negotiations in the late Qing process of national construction.