• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.151-155
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• 2001

In order to obtain the fundamental data on the auditory thresholds of fishes for marine ranching, the auditory thresholds of black rockfish Sebastes inermis were measured in the presence of masking noise in the spectrum level range of $73\~83$ dB (0 dB re $1{\mu}Pa/\sqrt{Hz}$) with a classical cardiac conditioning technique. Critical ratios were about $28\~34$ dB at $80\~300$ Hz and $47\~52$ dB at $500\~800$ Hz. The ratio increased almost linearly with increasing frequency to 500 Hz. The noise spectrum level at the start of masking was about 70 dB within the frequency range of $80\~800$ Hz excepting 65 dB at 300 Hz. It means that hearing of the black rockfish is masked in the natural environment with the noise spectrum level above 65 dB. The sound pressure level of $200\~300$ Hz recognized by black rockfish was above 96 dB under the ambient noise and the critical ratio of them was above 26 dB.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.187-190
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 잡음 환경에서의 사람의 청각 시스템에서의 신호 에너지에 대한 지각(perception) 패턴을 나타내는 임계 대역에서의 여기(excitation)에너지와 이러한 신호 에너지 사이의 지각적인 간섭 효과를 나타내는 마스킹 특성을 이용하여 지각적인 컨벌루션 잡음(covolutional noise)해석을 통한 잡음 제어 기법을 연구하였다. 이러한 지각적 컨벌루션 잡음은 지각 영역에서 잡음 에너지에 의한 간섭 현상의 영향을 나타내며, 신호의 지각 적인 특성 변화 및 부가 잡음(additional noise) 제어 후에 신호 내에 잔존하는 잔여 노이즈를 반영하는 것이다. 실험 결과 부가 잡음 제어 필터와 컨벌루션 잡음 제어 필터가 대등한 노이즈 제어 성능을 나타내었으며, 다양한 잡음 환경에서 이러한 지각 영역에서의 부가 잡음 제어와 컨벌루션 잡음 제어를 통해 높은 SNR비 개선과 더불어 MOS 측정을 통해서도 높은 음질을 보장할 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2004

This paper proposes a new blind measurement model of blocking artifacts. This model plays an important role in the assessment and enhancement of image quality caused by block-based DCT coding system. The proposed model can measure blocking artifacts without reference to original images and consider the HVS based visual model such as frequency sensitivity and channel masking effect to detect and measure overall blocking artifacts quantitatively. The experimental results show that the proposed model is highly effective in measuring blocking artifacts.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 2000

An experiment was carried out to obtain the fundamental data on the auditory thresholds of fishes for catching method using audible frequency sound, the auditory thresholds of dusky spinefoot Siganus fuscescens(Houttuyn) were measured in the presence of masking noise in the spectrum level range of 74 - 83dB re $1{\mu}Pa/{\sqrt{Hz}}$ by heartbeat conditioning technique using pure tones coupled with a delayed electric shock. The auditory critical ratios were about 23 - 34dB at measurement frequency range. The ratio increased almost linearly with increasing frequency from 200 to 500Hz. The noise spectrum level at the start of masking was about 61 - 73dB within the measurement frequency range. This suggests that hearing of dusky spinefoot is masked in the natural environment with the noise spectrum level above 70dB. The sound pressure level of which the signal sound of 100Hz is recognized by dusky spinefoot under the white noise of 70dB is above 98dB and the critical ratio of them is above 23dB.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.730-736
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a rotation resistant robust logo embedding watermarking technique. Geometric manipulations make the detection process very complex and difficult. Watermark embedding ill the normalized image directly suffers from smoothing effect due to the interpolation during the image normalization. This can be avoided by estimating the transform parameters using image normalization technique, instead of embedding in the normalized image. Conventional rotation resistant schemes that use full frame transform. In this paper, we adopt $8{\times}8$ block DCT and calculate masking using a spatio-frequency localization of the $8{\times}8$ block DCT coefficients. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust against rotation process.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

In order to obtain the fundamental data on the auditory thresholds of fishes for marine ranching, the auditory thresholds of black rock fish Sebastes Schlegeli were measured in the presence of masking noise in the spectrum level range of 73 - 83dB (0dB re $1{\mu}Pa/{\sqrt{Hz}}$) with a classical cardiac conditioning technique. Critical ratios were about 19 - 30dB at 80 - 300Hz and 46 - 54dB at 500 - 800Hz. The ratio increased almost linearly with increasing frequency to 500Hz. The noise spectrum level at the start of masking was about 70dB within the frequency range of 80 - 800Hz excepting 65dB at 300Hz. This suggests that hearing of the black rock fish is masked in the natural environment with the noise spectrum level above 65dB. The sound pressure level of which the signal sound of 100 - 200Hz is recognized by black rock fish under the ambient noise is above 90dB and the critical ratio of them is above 20dB.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.93-103
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a RST resistant robust logo embedding technique for multimedia copyright protection Geometric manipulations are challenging attacks in that they do not introduce the quality degradation very much but make the detection process very complex and difficult. Watermark embedding in the normalized image directly suffers from smoothing effect due to the interpolation during the image normalization. This can be avoided by estimating the transform parameters using an image normalization technique, instead of embedding in the normalized image. Conventional RST resistant schemes that use full frame transform suffer from the absence of effective perceptual masking methods. Thus, we adopt $8\times8$ block DCT and calculate masking using a spatio-frequency localization of the $8\times8$ block DCT coefficients. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is robust against various signal processing techniques, compression and geometrical manipulations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.949-955
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• 2022

Deep learning-based text summarization models are not free from datasets. For example, a summarization model trained with a news summarization dataset is not good at summarizing other types of texts such as internet posts and papers. In this study, we define this phenomenon as Data Bias Problem (DBP) and propose two training methods for solving it. The first is the 'proper nouns masking' that masks proper nouns. The second is the 'length variation' that randomly inflates or deflates the length of text. As a result, experiments show that our methods are efficient for solving DBP. In addition, we analyze the results of the experiments and present future development directions. Our contributions are as follows: (1) We discovered DBP and defined it for the first time. (2) We proposed two efficient training methods and conducted actual experiments. (3) Our methods can be applied to all summarization models and are easy to implement, so highly practical.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.135-138
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• 1999

본 연구는 2개의 마이크로폰을 이용한 지연 시간(TOOA) 추정에 대한 연구로서 기존의 Cross-Correlation 알고리듬과 Roth Processor 알고리듬에 Onset 알고리듬을 적용하영 기존 알고리듬의 성능 개선에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 작은 사무실OR나 회의실내 주변 잡음과 음향반향이 동시에 존재한다는 가정 하에 Onset 알고리듬은 마이크로폰의 수신신호에 포함되어 있는 반향 신호를 효율적으로 마스킹하여 반향 현상을 제거함으로서 정확한 시간 지연 추정을 가능하게 한다. Onset을 적용한 Cross-Correlation 과 Roth Processor 알고리듬의 우수성을 입증하기 위하여 7개의 SNR 환경에서 총 420번의 컴퓨터 모의 실험을 수행하였으며 실험 결과 SNR이 508 이상에서는 Onset 알고리듬을 적용한 알고리듬이 Onset을 적용하지 않은 알고리듬에 비해 우수함을 입증할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.11-14
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• 2000

현장감 있는 원거리 회의를 위해서는 두 채널 이상의 신호를 전송하는 스테레오 시스템이 필요하다. 이러한 원거리 회의 시스템의 경우 스피커와 마이크로폰간의 커플링에 의해 발생하는 음향 반향을 제거하기 위해 스테레오 음향 반향 제거기가 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 스테레오 음향 반향제거기의 성능을 효과적으로 개선하기 위하여 인간의 청각 특성과 음성 신호 특성을 이용한 전처리단을 제안한다 제안한 전처리단은 마스킹 현상을 이용하여 청각적으로 인지할 수 없는 크기의 부가 잡음을 음성 신호 분석을 통해 발생시켜 원 신호에 더해줌으로 두 채널 신호의 상호 상관 관계를 낮추어 준다. 또한 본 논문에서는 적응 반향 제거 알고리즘인 Affine Projection(AP) 알고리즘이 Cram-Schmidt(GS) 직교화 과정을 통한 벡터 연산으로 갱신될 수 있음을 이용하여, 별도의 음성 분석 과정 없이 AP알고리즘의 GS 직교화단으로 제안한 전처리단을 구현할 수 있음을 보이고, 최종적으로 전처리단과 적응 알고리즘이 결합된 스테레오 음향반향 제거를 위한 적응 알고리즘을 제안한다.