• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.51-66
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• 2003

최근 용지매입의 제한과 자연환경훼손의 최소화를 도모하는 사회적 환경으로 인해 대단면 근접병설터널 계획이 점차 증가하고 있다. 지금까지는 주로 중앙벽체부의 지지기능을 활용한 2Arch터널의 형태로 도심지 지하철의 정거장이나 고속도로의 일부구간에 계획되고 있으나, 대단면 근접병설터널에 대한 시공실적 및 설계사례가 부족한 국내에서는 이에 대한 역학적 거동과 합리적 시공방안에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서, 대단면 근접병설터널에 대한 국내·외의 설계 및 시공사례를 정리·분석하므로서 차후 제한된 구간에서의 터널계획시 합리적인 설계 및 시공이 되고자 하였다. 또한, 최근 도심지 구간에 계획중인 터널의안정성 검토 사례를 중심으로 터널 및 인접구조물, 중앙필러부 및 콘크리트 라이닝에 대한 상세 안정성 검토방법을 고찰함으로써 기존 병설터널의 거동특성과는 구별되는 대단면 근접 병설터널의 안정성 평가기법에 대한 방향을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.717-733
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• 2019

In this study, lining thickness distribution and its behind state (particularly, its void state) were analyzed using the GPR survey data performed on three currently operating NATM tunnels. Results of GPR analysis showed that void areas were mostly detected between concrete lining and primary support, particularly, near the crown of the tunnels. The lining thickness in the left-hand side of the tunnel was different from that of the right-hand side by 8.6~253.5 mm when measured in transverse direction. It was also found that longitudinal cracks were prevailed in the area lining thickness was sharply changed. Longitudinal thickness distribution at the crown was also studied and tested by performing 3 goodness-of-fit tests in order to find the most suitable thickness distribution. Normal distribution (or similar distribution) fit most suitably to the measured data if the measured average thickness was larger than designed one; Gamma and/or Inverse Gauss distribution fit to the measured data reasonably well if the measured average thickness was less than the designed value of thickness. Since actual lining thickness can be a potential index when assessing the state and safety of the unreinforced NATM tunnel lining, measuring of the lining thickness with GPR survey might be needed rather than assuming the thickness is always constant and same with the designed value.

• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.58-66
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• 2009

• 한국도로학회지:도로
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.54-63
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• 2014

최근 터널에서 균열, 누수 등과 같은 현상이 많이 발생하고 있어 터널의 안정성 및 균열보수, 미관, 고객의 공용 중 심리적 불안감을 조성한다는 것을 쉽게 찾을 수 있다. 고속국도 제30호선 상주~안동간은 16개소/12km의 터널이 설계되어 있어 터널의 비중이 크다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 터널 라이닝 균열발생 원인분석 및 기존사례 조사를 통하여 균열발생 최소화 방안을 검토 및 터널 라이닝의 유해한 균열방지를 위하여 공사관계자(발주처, 감리사, 시공사, 하도급사 등) 의견수렴을 통한 여러 가지 대책공법을 제안하였으며 제안공법의 효율성을 판단하기 위해 고속국도 제30호선 상주~안동간 제 8공구의 단촌 2터널, 단촌 3터널에 시험시공을 실시하여 각 공법별 균열율 및 시공성, 경제성을 고려하여 결과를 분석하고 최적의 공법을 파악, 전파하는데 그 목적이 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.795-800
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• 2001

Two evaluation techniques of the tunnel lining concrete using ultra sonic velocity method are developed. Modified linear regression technique is proposed to enhance the corelation between the pulse velocity and the compressive strength of core specimens. And bivariate normal distribution is assumed to evaluate the quality of concrete as a terms of compressive strength. A simple corelation table between the pulse velocity and the compressive strength of core specimens are proposed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1957-1968
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• 2013

Design criteria for rock load on tunnel concrete lining has not been established yet. Generally rock load on tunnel concrete lining is empirically estimated, which leads to a conservative design. Ordinary estimation method of rock load includes various problems. Estimating by numerical analysis is very complicated and has not been verified with field measurements. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study on practical method of estimating rock load which is more accurate to the real rock load on tunnel concrete lining. This study, presents estimation method of rock load on tunnel concrete lining. Crown settlement of the tunnel construction site has been measured and it was been back analyzed to estimate the rock load. The rock load was estimated to be smaller compare to the ordinary estimation method.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.337-349
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• 1999

There are many difficulties to the engineers in the assessment of tunnel safety. Consequently, objective assessment of concrete lining is hard even by the experts of tunnel assessment. Of several difficulties in the assessment of tunnel safety, in this study, tunnel concrete lining was focussed iud evaluated quantitatively and objectively using the Fuzzy theory which it generally considered to be appropriate for the assessment, control and judgment. T-FLAS based on fuzzy theory was developed in this study for the quantitative and objective assessment of the concrete lining in tunnels. Based on the application of T-FLAS on the evaluated field data, it was shown that the assessment system using fuzzy theory(T-FLAS) can be the effective and objective method for the assessment of concrete lining.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.297-306
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• 2011

In this paper, we performed thermodynamic energy balance analysis of the underground lined rock cavern for compressed air energy storage (CAES) using the results of multi-phase heat flow analysis to simulate complex groundwater-compressed air flow around the cavern as well as heat transfer to concrete linings and surrounding rock mass. Our energy balance analysis demonstrated that the energy loss for a daily compression and decompression cycle predominantly depends on the energy loss by heat conduction to the concrete linings and surrounding rock mass for a sufficiently air-tight system with low permeability of the concrete linings. Overall energy efficiency of the underground lined rock caverns for CAES was sensitive to air injection temperature, and the energy loss by heat conduction can be minimized by keeping the air injection temperature closer to the ambient temperature of the surroundings. In such a case, almost all the heat loss during compression phase was gained back in a subsequent decompression phase. Meanwhile, the influence of heat conductivity of the concrete linings to energy efficiency was negligible.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.547-559
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• 2012

The concrete structural design in domestic has based on the allowable stress design (ASD) method and ultimate strength design (USD) method. Recently limit state design (LSD) method has issued and attempted to adopt in geotechnical design. Because ASD method and USD method have restriction in economic design. In this study, the generated member forces were calculated about high strength concrete segment lining based on japanese LSD code. And it compared with domestic USD code for identifying the economic design possibility of LSD and domestic applicability. In analysis results, the aspect of moment had generated similarly each other but the member forces of japanese LSD code were decreased (26.0% of moment and 26.7% of shear force) comparing with USD method. For that reason, possibility of economic segment design with stable condition were identified.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.110-120
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• 2009

In tunnel, though the frequency of fire occurrence is relatively lower than other structures, the characteristics of sealed space tends to cause the temperature to rapidly rise to more than $1000^{\circ}C$ within 5minutes after fire, which might eventually lead to a large fire that usually results in a loss of lives and the damage to the properties, not to mention a huge cost necessary for repair and maintenance after fire. We have developed various conditions of the heating furnace and the method to install a thermo couple within the furnace based on EFNARC and KS F 2257-1. Referring to tunnel fire scenarios, it clarified the heat transfer characteristics of concrete PC panel lining depending on fire intensity (ISO, $1^{\circ}C$/SEC, MHC, RWS), and to identify the range of thermal damage, the evaluation was carried out using ITA standard. As a result, 30mm under ISO fire condition, 20mm under $1^{\circ}C$/SEC, 100mm under MHC and 50mm under RWS were measured. And when it comes to spalling, 30mm was measured under RWS and MHC.