• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.12 s.269
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• pp.900-905
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• 2006

Background: Homografts and bioprostheses are most commonly used for Rastelli operation in congenital heart disease, but the limited durability is responsible for multiple reoperations associated with increased morbidity This study evaluated long-term results after Rastelli operation with a mechanical valved conduit. Material and Method: A total of 20 patients underwent Rastelli operation with mechanical valved conduit from January 1990 to July 1992. Operative mortality was 1 of 20 patients, and a retrospective review of 19 patients(10 males, 9 females) was done. Initial diagnosis was congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries(cc-TGA, n=4), complete TGA (n=2), ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia(VSD with PA, n=9), truncus arteriosus(n=2), double outlet right ventricle with pulmonary stenosis(DORV with PS, n=2). The mean age at Rastelli operation was $4.6{\pm}3.4$ years, and mean follow-up period was $12.8{\pm}2.7$ years. Patients underwent Rastelli opearation using 16 CarboMedics mechanical valve, and 3 Bjork-Shiley mechanical valve($17{\pm}2$ mm). Result: There were 15 reoperations for failed mechanical valved conduit. The freedom from reoperation at 5 and 10 years was 53% and 37%. Most patients were received oral anticoagulation with warfarin, and maintained the international normalized ratio(INR) of 1.5 to 2.0. There was no anticoagulation or thromboembolism related complication. There was a significant difference in the causes of a conduit failure between early(within 3 years) and late(after 3 years) failure groups. The six patients reported early prosthetic valve failure, mainly due to valvular dysfunction by thrombosis or pannus formation. The other nine patients reported late prosthetic valve failure, mainly due to dacron conduit stenosis at anastomosis sites, whereas their valvar motion was normal except 1 patient. Conclusion: To avoid early prosthetic valve failure, strict anticoagulation therapy would be helpful. About the late development of obstructive intimal fibrocalcific peels within the Dacron conduit, an improvement of conduit material is necessary to reduce late prosthetic valve failure. In selected patients, the long term results were satisfactory.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.3 s.272
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• pp.193-199
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• 2007

Background: Reoperation is usually required for a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit obstruction caused by valve degeneration, conduit peel formation or somatic growth of the patient. An autologous tissue reconstruction (peel operation), where a prosthetic roof is placed over the fibrotic tissue bed of the explanted conduit, has been used to manage conduit obstructions at our institute since May 2002. Herein, the early and midterm results are evaluated. Material and Method: Between May 2002 and July 2006, 9 patients underwent obstructed extracardiac conduit replacement with an autologous tissue reconstruction, at a mean of 5.1 years after a Rastelli operation. The mean age at reoperation was $7.5{\pm}2.4$ years, ranging from 2.9 to 10.1 years. The diagnoses included 6 pulmonary atresia with VSD, 2 truncus arteriosus and 1 transposition of the great arteries. The preoperative mean systolic gradient was $88.3{\pm}22.2mmHg$, ranging from 58 to 125 mmHg. The explanted conduits were all Polystan valved pulmonary conduit (Polystan, Denmark). A bioprosthetic valve was inserted in 8 patients, and a monocusp ventricular outflow patch (MVOP) was used in 1 patient. The anterior wall was constructed with a Gore-Tex patch (n=7), MVOP (n=1) and bovine pericardium (n=1). Pulmonary artery angioplasty was required in 5 patients and anterior aortopexy in 2. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time . was 154 minutes, ranging from 133 to 181 minutes; an aortic crossclamp was not performed in all patients. The mean follow-up duration was 20 months, ranging from 1 to 51 months. All patients were evaluated for their right ventricular outflow pathway using a 3-D CT scan. Resuit: There was no operative mortality or late death. The mean pressure gradient, assessed by echocardiography through the right ventricular outflow tract, was 20.4 mmHg, ranging from 0 to 29.6 mmMg, at discharge and 26 mmHg, ranging from 13 to 36 mmHg, at the latest follow-up (n=7, follow-up duration >1 year). There were no pseudoaneurysms, strictures or thrombotic occlusions. Conclusion: A peel operation was concluded to be a safe and effective re-operative option for an obstructed extracardiac conduit following a Rastelli operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.87-91
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• 2009

The surgical management of complete transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, and pulmonary stenosis still remain a significant challenge. The Rastelli (REV procedure) remains the most widely applied procedure for surgical repair of these lesions. Although the Rastelli procedure can be performed with good early results, the intermediate- and long-term results have been less than satisfactory because of deterioration of the hemodynamic performance of the LVOT or RVOT. We performed a modified Nikaidoh procedure as an alternative surgical procedure in a 19-month-old boy weighing 10.4 kg with this anomaly. Aortic translocation with biventricular outflow tract reconstruction resulted in a more "normal" anatomic repair and postoperative echocardiography showed straight, direct, and unobstructed ventricular outflow.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.476-479
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• 2008

The Rastelli operation has been a standard procedure for repairing complete transposition of the great arteries combined with a ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. Yet this procedure has several shortcomings, including the risk of incurring left ventricular outflow tract obstruction on long-term follow-up. In this regard, aortic translocation has recently been regarded as a potent alternative to Rastelli's operation. We report here on a case of complete transposition of the great arteries that was combined with an inlet-extended perimembranous ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis in a 2-year-old boy. All the problems were successfully repaired using the aortic translocation technique. Postoperative echocardiography showed a straight and wide left ventricular outflow tract.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.311-321
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• 2001

배경: 본 연구에서는 16년간 본원에서 시행한 완전방실중격결손 환자의 수술성적을 고찰하고 수술후 사망 및 술후 잔존 좌측방실판막부전의 발생에 관여하는 위험인자들을 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 84년 7월부터 2000년 6월까지 수술한 완전방실중격결손 환자 70명의 임상기록을 후향적으로 연구관 하였다. 70명의 대상환자중 남아 환아는 36명 여아 환아는 34명이었고 연령분포는 1개월에서 19세였다.(평균나이는 32.$\pm$71.9개월). 이중 다운증후군이었던 환자는 39명(55.7%)이었으며 술후 라스텔리 분류 A형이 42명(60.0%), B형이 6명(8.6%), C형이 20명(28.6%)이었고 기록상으로 분류를 확인 할 수 없는 경우가 2명 (2.9%)이었다. 결과: 9(12.9%)명에서 술후 조기사망했으며, 이를 기간별로 비교해 보면 1996년 이전은 20.0%, 1996년 이후 최근 5년간은 7.7% 였으며 둘 사이의 통계학적 유의한 차이는 없었다. 술후 10명(14.3%)에서 3도이상의 잔존좌측방실판막부전을 보였다. 5년 및 10년 장기 생존율은 79.4%였고, 4명의 환자에서 5례의 재수술을 시행하였으며 5년간의 7.7% 였으며 둘이상의 통계학적 유의한 차이는 없었다. 술후 10명(14.3%)에서 3도이상의 잔존 좌측방실판막부전을 보였다. 5년 및 10년 장기 생존율은 79.4% 였고, 4명의 환자에서 5례의 재수술을 시행했으며 5년 및 10년 장기 재수술 회피율은 91.4%였다. 수술후 사망에 관여하는 위험인자 분석을 시행하여 술후 잔존좌측방식판막부전이 3도 이상인 겨우 오즈비가 38.5 (p<0.001)로 통계적으로 유의한 위험 인자로 나타났다. 또한 술후 잔존좌측방실판막부전의 발생에 관여하여 위험인자 분석을 시행하여 술후 좌측방실판막의 교련을 교정한 경우 오즈비가 6.72(p=0.02)로 통계적으로 유의한 위험인자로 나타났다. 결론: 1세이하 환아를 포함한 완전방실중격결손증의 수술은 낮은 수술사망율과 재수술율 그리고 양호한 장기성적으로 보였다. 또한 이에는 3도 이상의 잔존 좌측방실판막부전의 발생이 술후 사망에 중요한 위험인자로 기여하여 수술적 교정후 잔존 좌측방실판막부전의 정도를 줄이고 좌측방실판막의 양호환 교합을 유지하기 위해서는 완전방실중격결손증의 방실판막의 다양한 해부학적 형태로 따른 개별적인 접근법이 유효하다고 생각한다.고 생각한다.