• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 2002

Objectives：This study was conducted to investigate the effect of oxygen on attention and memory functions in healthy adolescents. Methods：The participant subjects were recruited from local advertisement. All subjects are students attending ordinary middle and high school. Their degree of achievement was average or below average. Before the study, its nature and purpose were fully explained to the patients and their parents, and a written informed consent was obtained from each child's parent and a written assent from each child for entire the procedure. The Ethics Committee and Clinical Research Committee of Gyeongsang National University Hospital approved the protocol. For baseline assessment, all subjects received tests for attention and memory. All tests were conducted by a certified psychologist. Stroop test, continuous performance test and trail making test A and B were used for evaluation of attention. As memory tests, we used memory assessment scale(MAS), standardized memory assessment tools. Ten to fourteen days after initial assessments, same tests was applied to the same subjects after prior 5 minute oxygen inhalation. Results：1) Attention test：Improved performances in trail making part B, and stroop test were found in normobaric oxygen inhalation group compared to air inhalation group. Improved reaction time in those tests seemed to reflect the enhanced executive prefrontal activity. 2) Memory test：More words and digits memorization were found in short-term memory subscale score in MAS in oxygen inhalation group compared to air inhalation group. This finding suggested the improved working memory function after oxygen inhalation. Conclusion：Though interpreted cautiously, these results suggested that normobaric oxygen inhalation could enhance executive function and working memory of prefrontal lobe. Further study, however, should be performed to investigate the mechanism of effects of oxygen on cognitive enhancement.

• Journal of Society of Occupational Therapy for the Aged and Dementia
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of hand dexterity, cognition skill, instrumental activities of daily living, and depression after cognition improvement activities in elderly welfare centers. Method : The cognition improvement activities were performed for 10 ristimes on 20 elderly people. This study assessed hand dexterity, cognition skills, IADL, and depression using grooved pegboard, MOCA-K, K-IADL, and K-GDS before and after cognition improvement activities. Result : After cognition improvement activities, hand dexterity improves positively and cognition skills and depression improves significantly. However, instrument activities of daily living was not affected by cognition improvement activities. Conclusion : The cognition improvement activities affect positively on hand dexterity, cognition skills and depression. The elderly people of welfare center were highly satisfied with cognition improvement activities. However, this study were held in one welfare center in K city, so further study required to recruit more sample size and develop regional programs to generalize the result.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.177-186
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• 2020

The number of Goryeo-in immigrants has been increasing recently. National attention and active interactions are required for them to settle down with the identity of Koreans. The purpose of this study was to develop volunteer activity for Goryeo-in immigrants based on service design. The study was performed in G metropolitan city from October to November 2019. The participants were 33 Goryeo-in immigrants and 3 stakeholders. Data was collected through a survey and interviews of Goryeo-in immigrants and stakeholder interviews. In the field surveys and interviews, it was found out that the main problems faced by Goryeo-in immigrants were communication difficulties, maladjustment, job insecurity and smoking. The core issue was defined as 'How Goryeo-in immigrant women can improve their communicate ability in Korean'. In order to solve this problem we developed a program called 'Goryeo-in Han-gul ssugssug' for volunteer activities, and the program delivered through a storyboard and a role play. Using the service design process, a meaningful volunteer activity was designed considering lots of situation of Goryeo-in immigrants and nursing students in various ways. This study shows that the service design methodology is a useful way to reflect the needs of consumers and volunteers in developing volunteer work.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2017

This study recognizes it as a social problem that can be prevented by basic research on safety security design for the elderly, and aims to clearly analyze risk factors for injury. For this study, raw data from the 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were employed and analyzed. Their social characteristics were classified with standards including gender, education, EuroQoL(human locomotion, normal activity and pain uncomfortableness), the quality of life(PHQ-(1)(2)(4)), recognition on stress, activity restriction status and associated causes(bone fracture and joint injury). Their epidemiological traits were chronic diseases, 'diabetes and hip-joint pain', and health-behavioral traits were 'smoking, breakfast frequency and high-level physical activity status.' In conclusion, it can be found that damage risk of elderly rose in case of female, lower education, inconvenience or limitation, pain or discomfort in locomotion and daily activities, higher recognition of stress, lower interest in work, feeling of depression, despair, and weariness, restriction in activity caused by bone fracture and joint injury, having diabetes and hip-joint pain, smoking, low frequency in having breakfast and high-level physical activities. Based on this study, we envision that an effective solution for injury risk factors caused by the organic relation can be reached in the near future.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.181-190
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• 2002

Every object's patterns is the balancing-relationship between the object's inner-energy and outer-stress. To see this as a balancing-relationship between an organism, inner-energy would be the occurrence of thermodynamic entropy which is for its existing maintenance. Outer-stress would be the friction that comes from the surrounding environment. Namely, we can see that object's figure exists in the balance between an extort to survive and fiction that disturb it. However, it is fourth that these figures are consisted of a curve and curved-surface which is not a straight line. So, it is impossible to find a figure made up of straight lines and surfaces in the existing object's world. It's true that we have regarded only a curve as the beautiful. Here, we have presented that in a curve, there exists an important function which protect our survival from the ancient humanity. And by closely observing the function in a physical dynamic-pattern sight, we've searched what is important in the design's origin that handle curve-patterns. Of course it would be more reasonable to analyze it in the standpoint of Mathematics, Chemistry, or Biology, and synthesize the points. However, due to the limitation of the researchability, we will concern about the physical structure in the design. Deficient details will be replenished through the study between educational systems. As a result, we have confirmed that, devoting the curve's physical structure-phenomenon (occurred in nature) to the design, is more beautiful in our eyes, too.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.171-186
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• 2016

With the continuous rise of elderly population and rapid progression of aging in our society, greater emphasis is placed on the importance of local seniors welfare centers as representative service space that meets the diverse needs of local residents. In addition, there is a growing tendency among current users to seek high-quality service as their educational level, economic ability and lifestyle have changed for the better compared to past generations. Accordingly, this study analyzed the satisfaction of senior welfare centers according to life-style type of the elderly, using a lifestyle measurement tool which incorporates indicators of gerontographics. A survey was conducted with users of seven senior welfare centers located in Seoul. Analysis results are as follows: First, four types of lifestyle were derived through cluster analysis; independent activity type, protective activity type, active challenge type, and passive challenge type. Second, it was found that the overall satisfaction of seniors welfare centers by the life-style of the elderly is highest for the protective activity type followed by the passive challenge type, the active challenge type, and the independent activity type. Third, upon examining the effect of spatial characteristics of welfare centers on the satisfaction of elderly users by type of lifestyle, it was found that the independent activity type and the passive challenge type users are most influenced by intimacy, the protective activity type users by comfort, and the active challenge type users by convenience.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.260-269
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• 2011

The aim of this research was to examine whether the sensory integration video modeling intervention would be beneficial to the children with intellectual disabilitiy. Four children with intellectual disabilitiy participated and the A-B-A design was utilized in this study. In the intervention phase, each individual watched his/her own 8 minutes long previously recorded video which was the independent variable in this study. The dependent variables were (1) the self-initiation and task performance of the four sensory integration activities, (2) performance time of Grooved Pegboard. During the intervention period, each individual participated in the occupational therapy session twice a week. The result showed that sensory integration video modeling increased self-initiation and task performance of the participants. Self-initiation and the task performance scores of the participants were maintained even after the intervention period. When Grooved Pegboard was administered, the performance time decreased. The findings indicated that sensory integration video modeling may be an effective intervention for improving self-initiation and task performance and reducing inattentiveness in children with intellectual disabilitiy. In the future research, it is suggested that the level of cognition and sensory processing capabilities of the participants be considered to validate the effectiveness of sensory integration video modeling.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.786-801
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• 2013

This study aims to elucidate features of the geography assessment of France in which geography has a high status in school curriculum. The main data for analysing are the geography examinations(1999-2013) of the Baccalaur$\acute{e}$at. In terms of objectives of the assessment, the exams put emphasis on promoting cultural knowledges of students and developing their competences in graphic languages. In terms of formal aspect, the exams take a simple layouts to raise a readability, use variable test tools, especially an essay and a 'croquis'. They also emphasize students self-directedly constructing and representing geography knowledges and their inquiry abilities with geography materials. In terms of contents aspect, the exams mainly cover subjects of political-economic geography, particularly a spatial organization, a development inequality and the world powers in global contexts or macro spatial scales. One of a distinguishing characteristics of Baccalaur$\acute{e}$at's History-Geography examinations is that it designs to keep balance between two parties; history and geography.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 2013

Until now, research to integrate art activities and science education have been making steady progress in the field of primary education and early childhood education that are directly involved in the art education of students. However, some science educators were interested in visualizing the artifacts by using design principles and experimental results through STEAM education. So, when conducting lessons for integrating science education with art activities, research is needed on the changing of the students' ability. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of science experiments in collaboration with art activities for students' self-directed learning skills and creative personality in elementary school. This study was applied to 30 students(16 male, 14 female) of 4th grade in Changwon C elementary school. The teaching materials of this study was extracted some of the experiments from the 2007 revised national curriculum in elementary science textbook and 'Teachers for Exciting Science'. Experimental treatment was performed over a total of 10 class 5 subjects and a pre-post test was conducted through G-TAGAS. As a result, science experiments in collaboration with art activities have improved significantly students' self-directed learning skills and creative personality.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2023

Currently, almost all product development in the jewelry industry utilizes 3D CAD and 3D printing. In this situation, 3D CAD modeling and 3D printing ability units in colleges, Tomorrow Learning Card Education, and Course Evaluation-type jewelry design related education are conducted with developed curriculum based on the standards for training standards, training hours, training equipment, and practice materials presented by NCS. Accordingly, this study analyzes 3D CAD modeling and 3D printing training facilities, training hours, training equipment, etc into three categories of NCS precious metal processing and jewelry design, and studies the development of educational systems such as 3D CAD/3D printing curriculum and various environments that meet these standards. Education using this 3D CAD/3D printing education system will enable us to continuously supply professional talent with practical skills not only in the jewelry industry but also in the entire 3D CAD/3D printing manufacturing industry, which is called as one of the pillars of the 4th Industry. The quality of employment of trainees receiving education and the long-term retention rate after employed can also have a positive effect. In addition, excellent educational performance will help improve the recruitment rate of new students in jewelry jobs or manufacturing-related departments, which are difficult to recruit new students in recent years.