• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between job-related stressor, problem solving style and psychological distress and the effects of job-related stress and problem solving style on psychological distress of firefighters. The Job-related Stress Scale, Problem Solving Style Questionnaire, and the Symptom Checklist-Revised (SCL-90-R) were administered to 148 firefighters working in Seoul and Gyounggi. Correlation analysis revealed that job-related stress, problem-solving styles such as helplessness and problem-solving control correlated positively with psychological distress and that problem-solving confidence and approaching style correlated negatively with it. Multiple regression analysis showed that job-related negative cognition and emotion, helplessness and approaching style accounted for 43% of the variance in the psychological distress. Among problem-solving styles, helplessness had the highest predictive power for psychological distress. Self-reported helplessness is an important determinant of firefighters' reactions to problematic situations encountered in their job.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the level of distress using the distress thermometer (DT) and the factors associated with distress in postoperative breast cancer (BC) patients. Methods : DT and WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version) along with sociodemographic variables were assessed in patients undergoing surgery for their first treatment of BC within one week postoperatively. The distress group consisted of participants with a DT score ${\geq}4$. The prevalence and associative factors of distress were examined by descriptive, univariable, and logistic regression analysis. Results : Three hundred seven women were recruited, and 264 subjects were finally analyzed. A total of 173 (65.5%) were classified into the distress group. The distress group showed significantly younger age (p=0.045), living without a spouse (p=0.032), and worse quality of life (QOL) as measured by overall QOL (p=0.009), general health (p=0.005), physical health domain (p<0.000), and psychological health domain (p=0.002). The logistic regression analysis showed that patients aged 40-49 years were more likely to experience distress than those aged ${\geq}60years$ (Odds ratios [OR]=2.992, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.241-7.215). Moreover, the WHOQOL-BREF physical health domain was a predictive factor of distress (OR=0.777, 95% CI 0.692-0.873). Conclusions : A substantial proportion of patients are experiencing significant distress after BC surgery. It would be expected that distress management, especially in the middle-aged patients and in the domain of physical QOL (e.g., pain, insomnia, fatigue), from the early BC treatment stage might reduce chronic distress.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 1995

본 연구는 정신지체아 어머니의 디스트레스에 관하여 살펴봄으로써 정신지체아 어머니의 정신건강을 도모하여 동시에 정신지체아 가족이 가족생활에서 건강한 삶을 영위할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상자는 서울시에 거주하는 학령전 정신지체아 자녀를 둔 어머니 135명이 연구문제를 중심으로 한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 아동의 일반적 특성 변인, 어머니의 일반적 특성 변인에 따라 어머니의 디스트레스에 차이가 있는가에 대해서는 아동의 연령 변인과 지체정도 변인 그리고 어머니의 학력 변인에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2) 어머니 스트레스 변인에 따라 어머니의 디스트레스에 차이가 있는가에 대해서는 가족생활 스트레스원 변인, 비형식적 지지 변인, 문제해결적 대처 변인, 정서적 대처 변인에 서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3) 정신지체아 어머니의 디스트레스에 영향을 미치는 관련 변인들의 설명력을 파악해 본 결과 아동의 일반적 특성 변인, 어머니의 일반적 특성 변인, 가족생활 스트레스원 변인, 사회적 지지 변인, 대처 변인들을 단계적으로 넣었을 때 디스트레스에 대한 설명력은 33%로 나타났다. 이때 디스트레스를 설명하는 구체적인 변인은 아동의 연령, 가족생활스 트레스원, 비형식적 지지, 문제해결적 대처 변인이었다.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.12-25
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• 1995

본 연구는 수험생 자녀를 둔 가족의 정신, 신체적 건강이 크게 위협받고 있음을 중시하고, 부모와 수험생 자녀가 겪는 스트레스를 인지, 대처, 디스트레스의 각 측면으로 측정하고 관련 변인을 분석함으로써, 이들 가족의 스트레스 극복을 위한 적절한 방안을 강구해보고자 하는데 그 목적을 두고 고등학교 3학년 재학생과 그 부모 3인을 한쌍으로 360가족, 1080명을 대상으로 자료수집 하였으며, 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 자녀의 학업스트레스가 가장 높게 나타났으며 다음은 모, 부의 순으로 나타났으나 모, 부간의 차이가 크지 않아 부, 모, 자녀의 순으로 대처능력이 높게 나타나 자녀는 높은 스트레스를 인지하면서도 적절한 대체방안을 사용하지 못하고 있음을 알수 있다 2) 부모자녀의 스트레스 상관도는 자녀의 경 우 스트레스 인지와 디스트레스간의 상관이 비교적 높고 부모의 경우는 스트레스 대처와 디스트레스간의 상관이 높다. 또한 부부간 스트레스는 상관이 높지만 부모 자녀간에는 상관이 높지 않게 나타나고 있다. 3) 자녀의 지원대학 수준모의 학력이나 가족의 소득부의 직업 수준등이 낮은 경우 부모나 수험생 자녀의 스트레스가 높게 나타나고 가족응집성, 자녀의 자아 정체감 학업성취욕, 부모의 결혼만족도, 부와의 친밀성, 부모 자녀 갈등등은 스트레스 수준에 영향을 미치는 중요변인이며 이러한 영향력은 모두 자신의 지각에 따라 반응한다.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.18 no.3 s.47
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• pp.25-38
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of family stress, coping, family resources on psychological distress and the interactions with family solidarity and coping in unemployed female head. The sample was 101 unemployed female heads(without husband) who are living in Seoul. The results of this study showed that family solidarity had significant buffering effect to moderate relationship between family stress and psychological distress. But the effect of coping on psychological distress was not significant. This means that the family solidarity was very important to decrease the psychological distress(somatization, anxiety, depression) of unemployed female head.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.72-81
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• 2010

Objectives : Early detection and proper management of distress are known to be important for efficient care in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of distress and to evaluate its influence on quality of life in subjects with breast cancer. Methods : A total of 95 patients were recruited from a breast cancer patient community of a general hospital in Seoul. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS), the Insomnia Severity Index(ISI), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised(IES-R) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast(FACT-B) were measured. Results : The prevalence of anxiety, depression, insomnia and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom among breast cancer patients was 26.3%, 26.3%, 13.7%, 24.3%, respectively. Nearly half(47.4%) of total subjects were under one or more significant distress, and they showed significantly lower mean FACT-B total score than patients without distress(82.91 vs. 107.20, p<0.001). Distress was negatively correlated with the quality of life to a significant level even in patients who were in normal range of distress scale scores. Conclusion : These results support the importance of regular screening and proper management of distress for breast cancer patients.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.82-90
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• 2012

Objectives : Though gastric cancer is one of the most common cancer in Korea, there have been few studies to explore psychological distress in gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of psychological distress among patients with gastric cancer. Methods : With consecutive sampling, a total of 274 patients with gastric cancer who admitted to a cancer center in a general hospital were recruited and assessed on psychological distress using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS). Sociodemographic and cancer-related clinical variables were also evaluated. Results : One hundred fifty-three(55.8%) patients with gastric cancer showed psychological distress. Logistic regression models revealed that having alcohol drinking experience[odds ratio(OR)=2.10, p=0,034] and low performance status(OR=2.40 p=0.002) were significantly associated with psychological distress in patients with gastric cancer. Conclusions : These findings indicate that approximately half of patients with gastric cancer suffered from psychological distress and having alcohol drinking experience and low performance status would be associated risk factors, suggesting the need for distress screening and psychosocial supportive care in patients with gastric cancer.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.223-252
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• 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the longitudinal mediation effect of coping strategies(emotion-focused, problem-focused, and maladaptive) on the relationship between perceived stress during the COVID-19 andemic and psychological distress(negative affect, depression, anxiety, and anger). ). Also, This study sought to find generational differences between coping strategies used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 941 adult aged between twenties and seventies. The final participants were recruited on two separated longitudinal time points, Time 1 and Time 2. The result were as follows: Only Maladaptive coping strategy(Time 2) had a mediating effect on the relationship between COVID-19 stress(Time 1) and psychological distress(Time 2). . The result of the generation-based multi-group analysis did not yield significant differences in the use of coping strategies. This study is meaningful that it longitudinally examined the psychological distress of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Implications, limitations and directions for future research are presented.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.219-231
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate a distress nursing intervention for relieving psychosocial distress. Methods: We developed a twelve-week non-pharmacological distress nursing intervention to decrease distress. This intervention includes cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness based stress reduction, psychoeducation and supportive therapy. The participants were 27 gynecologic cancer patients who agreed to participate in this study, selected by convenience sampling (experimental group-17 and control group-10). The data collection period was performed from November, 8, 2010 to February, 1, 2011. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: There were no difference between the two groups distress score, distress problem and quality of life. The experimental group had significant higher IL-12 and IFN-${\gamma}$ and lower TGF-${\beta}$ between before and after the distress nursing intervention. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the distress nursing intervention was an effective intervention in improving immunologic function of gynecological cancer patients.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2012

Objectives : Thyroid cancer patients may experience emotional distress during cancer treatment including surgical operation and radioactive iodine treatment. The aims of this prospective study were to investigate changes of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) under preoperative, postoperative and short-term hypothyroidism state. Methods : Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale(HAD) and the Distress Thermometer, we sequentially assessed the levels of anxiety, depression and distress in 41 DTC patients at 3 time points such as preoperative state, postoperative state and short-term hypothyroidism state. Results : The HAD-anxiety score was significantly higher in preoperative state($6.93{\pm}3.97$) than postoperative state($4.22{\pm}2.92$) and short-term hypothyroidism state($4.93{\pm}3.64$). Any other significant change in depression or distress thermometer score was not observed. Especially, difference of HADS score between the distress and none-distress groups was significant in preoperative state and post-operative state, but the difference become not significant in the short-term hypothyroidism state. Conclusions : Induced thyroid hormone deficiency during cancer treatment does not significantly affect emotional distress in patient with DTC. Anxiety and depression in these patients may be associated with distress of the patient before active cancer treatment.