• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.101-112
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• 2007

Hard disks have been the most prevalent secondary storage devices and these days their usage is becoming more important in mobile computing systems due to I/O intensive applications such as multimedia applications and games. However, significant power consumption in the disk drives still limits battery lifetimes of mobile systems critically. In this paper, we show that using several smaller disks (instead of one large disk) can be an energy-efficient secondary storage solution on typical mobile platforms without a significant performance delay. Also, we propose a novel energy-efficient technique, which clusters related data into groups and migrates the correlated groups to the same disk. We compare this method with the existing data concentration scheme, and also combine them. The experiments show that our technique saves the energy consumption up to 34% when a pair of 1.8' disks is used instead of a single 2.5' disk with a negligible increase in the average response time. The results also show that our method also saves up to 14.8% of disk energy consumption and improve the average I/O response time by up to 10 times over the existing scheme.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.421-427
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• 2013

Disk Cache Manager(DCM), a functional server of microkernel based, to improve the I/O power of shared disks is designed and implemented in this work. DCM interfaces other different servers with message passing through ports by serving as a system actor the multi-thread mode on the Minix3 micro-kernel. DCM proposed in this paper uses the shared disk logically as a Seven Disk and Sodd Disk to enable parallel I/O. DCM enables the efficient placement of disk data because it raises disk cache hit-ratio by increasing the cache size when the utilization of the particular disk is high. Through experimental results, we show that DCM is quite efficient for a shared disk with higher utilization.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.400-404
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• 2009

Native Command Queueing is a technology to maximize throughput of disk system by reordering requests in its command queue. Recent S-ATA 2 standard specifies a protocol for the purpose of dealing with NCQ feature, making most vendors implementing it in their disk devices. However, the new feature, NCQ, may lead to information gap between OS and disk drive. 05 considers that disk will service I/O requests in the order as OS has dispatched. Unfortunately, it isn't true any more since NCQ would simply ignore the policy of OS and reorder the sequence OS has expected. Let us define the term as expectation-discord. Due to the discord, serious performance anomalies or starvation of requests may occur in I/O subsystem. In this paper, we confirm that the expectation-discord actually brings about starvation of requests. We propose a solution to settle it. Our solution is very simple, effective, cheap(not requiring any hardware modification) and portable across various OS. Experimental results show that our solution can balance throughput and response time very well.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2004

The speed gap between processors and disks is a serious problem. So, I/O sub-system limits the performance of computer system. To overcome the speed gap, caches have been used in computer system. By using cache, the access times to disk blocks can be reduced and the performance of computer system can be improved. In this paper, we proposed an efficient cache management algorithm for computer system which have buffer cache and disk cache. The proposed algorithm can minimize the duplicated blocks between buffet cache and disk cache. We evaluate the proposed algorithm by trace-driven simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the mean access time to disk blocks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.31B no.11
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• pp.11-19
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• 1994

Turnaround time of a job performing frequent disk I/O operations is greatly affected by I/O bottleneck which incurs due to the large gap in the speeds of I/O devices and the CPU. This paper proposes to employ a Write Dedicated Buffer(WDB) in disk arrays to improve the response time for read requests and analyzes the scheduling policies and the efficiency of the WDB. Through a series of simulations we show that, among the three policies examined, the partial stripe join(PSJ) policy is the most effective in terms of response time for both read and write requests and that, especially when using a WDB on declustered arrays, improvement of response time for read requests becomes greater as the request rate increases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.106-108
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 멀티미디어 데이터 검색에 클러스터링과 인덱싱 기법을 같이 적용하여 유사할 이미지끼리는 인접 디스크에 클러스터하고 이 클러스터에 접근하는 인덱스를 구축하여 검색이 빠르게 이루어지는 유사 검색방법을 제시한다. 이 연구에서는 트리 유사 구조의 인덱스 대신 해싱 방법을 이용하며 검색시 I/O시간을 줄이기 위해 오브젝트를 가진 클러스터 위치를 찾는데 한번의 I/O를 사용하고 이 클러스터를 읽기 위해 연속주인 파일 I/O를 사용하여 클러스터를 찾는 데용을 최소화한다 클러스터인덱싱 접근은 트리 유사 구조와 임의 I/O를 사용한 내용기반의 이미지 검색보다 효율적인 검색 적합성을 보이며 연속적 I/O를 통해 검색 미용을 낮춘다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.322-324
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• 2012

PCM은 바이트 단위 읽고 쓰기가 가능한 비휘발성 메모리로서 차세대 스토리지로 주목받고 있다. 기존의 디스크 캐싱 기법은 하드 디스크나 SSD와 같이 섹터 단위로 엑세스하는 장치를 위하여 페이지 단위의 캐싱을 하고 있다. 하지만, 바이트 단위 접근이 가능한 고성능 PCM의 특성을 활용하기 위해서는 PCM 스토리지를 위한 효율적인 단위의 디스크 캐싱 기법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 페이지 단위가 아닌 128바이트 단위 I/O요청을 위한 캐싱 방법을 제안하며, 이를 기반으로 몇 가지 워크로드에 대하여 실험을 진행하여 I/O 요청의 크기와 개수 변화를 추정한다. 실험 결과를 바탕으로 제안한 기법이 PCM 스토리지에서 더 적합함을 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.104-107
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• 2011

의료정보시스템에서 처리하는 데이터 크기가 급속하게 늘어남에 따라 대용량 데이터 처리에 대한 필요성이 갈수록 증가되고 있다. 최근 몇 년 동안 의료정보시스템을 구성하는 요소 중 디스크의 성능 향상 및 발전 속도가 중앙처리장치에 비해 둔화되고 있으며, 이와 같은 성능차이로 인해 디스크 장치가 시스템의 병목지역이 되어 전체 성능을 저하시키는 주된 요인이 되고 있다. 의료정보시스템은 주로 관계형 데이터베이스를 이용하여 저장하기 때문에 서버의 데이터 접근 처리방식과 I/O에 대한 부분이 성능을 크게 좌우한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 의료정보시스템의 특성에 따른 하드웨어 RAID 디스크 구성 최적화 방안을 알아봄으로써 본 논문의 연구 결과가 시스템 구성 초기에 최적화된 I/O 를 위한 구성정보로 활용될 수 있도록 하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.531-534
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• 2007

우리는 이 논문에서 현대 마그네틱 디스크 드라이브를 대상으로 하여 내부의 세부적인 동작 메커니즘을 상위 레벨의 검침 프로그램을 이용하여 정확하게 측정하고 이를 통해서 디스크 드라이브를 사용하는 다양한 응용 프로그램 및 운영 체제 시스템의 디스크 입/출력 성능을 개선하고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.251-258
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• 2016

Recently, the demand for fast storage devices is rapidly increasing in cloud platforms, social network services, etc. Despite the development of fast storage devices, the traditional Linux I/O stack is not able to exploit the full extent of the performance improvement since it has been optimized for disk-based storage devices. In this paper, we propose an optimized I/O stack which can fully utilize the I/O bandwidth and latency of fast storage devices. To this end, we design a new I/O interface to replace the current block I/O interface and optimize our I/O interface. Our optimized I/O interface bypasses operations/layers in block I/O subsystems of the current Linux I/O stack to fully exploit fast storage devices. We also optimize the Linux file systems such as ext2 and ext4 to run on our I/O interface. We evaluate our I/O stack with multiple benchmarks and the experimental results show that our I/O stack achieves 1.7 times better throughput compared to traditional Linux I/O stack.