• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.42-42
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• 2023

최근 IPCC 6차 보고서에서는 전 지구의 온도가 0.5℃가 증가할 때마다 기상학적 가뭄 지역이 증가하며, 인위적 강제력은 가뭄 현상의 강도와 빈도를 증가하는 것으로 밝혔다. 봄철(3월-5월) 동남아시아(남중국, 필리핀 등)에 비해 상대적으로 건조한 동북아시아(동중국, 한반도, 일본) 지역은 가뭄에 취약하며 기후 변화에 따라 가뭄으로 인한 피해가 커질 것으로 전망된다. 그러므로 이 지역은 봄철 가뭄으로 인한 피해를 완화하기 위해 봄철 강수량에 대한 신뢰할 만한 계절적 예보 기술이 꼭 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 1992-2022년 봄철의 Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI) 값을 기준으로 2001년과 2011년 동북아시아 가뭄이 발생한 것을 확인하였으며, 각 해의 3월에 관측된 기상학적 초기 조건으로부터 다중 기후 예보 모델들의 봄철 강수량의 계절적 예측성을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 관측자료로부터 2001년 가뭄은 동북아시아 대기 상층의 저기압성 순환의 강화로 인한 제트류(Jet stream)의 강화와 연관되어 있었으며, 2011년 가뭄은 제트류 강화와 함께 태평양 열대 지역 기류 강화가 동반되어 발생하였음을 알 수 있었다. North American Multi-Model Ensemble 기후 예보 모델들은 2011년 가뭄에 비해 2001년 가뭄에 대한 예측성이 높았으며, 그 이유로는 대기 상층 순환의 예측성과 연관이 있음을 밝혔다. 또한, 봄철 대기-해양 상호 패턴을 관측과 유사하게 재현한 GFDL-SPEARS 모델이 가뭄 해의 대기 상층 저기압성 순환과 강수 예측성이 가장 높은 것을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과들을 통해 동북아시아 봄철 가뭄과 같은 극한 기상의 강수량 예측성 향상에 있어서 기후 예보 모델들의 현실적인 대기-해양 결합 과정 모사 능력의 중요성을 밝혔다. 본 연구에서 제안된 방안들은 기후 예측 모델 개선을 위한 전략적인 정보를 제공할 것으로 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.434-434
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• 2023

다양한 지면 모형은 대기 강제력 데이터 세트에 의해 구동되며 육지의 물, 에너지 및 생지화학적 순환의 해석에 활용된다. 그 중 에너지 플럭스 교환을 추정하는 것은 극심한 가뭄, 폭염, 물 부족 등 극한 기후 현상에서 중요한 역할을 한다. 에너지 플럭스는 기상기후조건과 토지피복의 변화에 따른 영향을 받고 있는데 그 영향을 구체적으로 조사하는 것은 생태계 프로세스의 매커니즘을 구성하는 데 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 최신버전인 Community Land Model 버전 5.0 (CLM5)를 이용하여 동북아시아 지역의 에너지 플럭스의 시공간분포를 분석하였다. CLM5의 시뮬레이션은 1991년부터 2010년까지 2.5° × 2.5° 그리드에서 실행되었고 주요 에너지 인자인 순복사량, 현열, 잠열을 모의하였으며, 실행결과는 FLUXNET의 동북아시아 사이트의 관측자료를 이용하여 모델을 검증 및 평가하였다. 대기 강제력 변수의 차이는 모의 결과에 영향을 미치기 때문에 수문인자와 토지피복유형에 따른 에너지 플럭스의 변동성을 분석하였고 잠열을 식생 증발산열과 지면 증발열로 파티션하여 연구지역에 따른 각 구성요소의 비율을 산정하였다. 20년간의 순복사열, 잠열과 온도의 시공간적 변동성의 연 추세를 분석한 결과 동북아시아의 대부분 지역에서 잠열과 온도는 소폭 증가되였고 순복사열은 중국 내륙과 몽골지역에서 감소되였다. 본 연구는 지표와 대기 사이의 에너지 교환에 대해 분석하였으며 이후 증발산 및 물 플럭스와의 연동성과 관계성 분석에 활용하여 기후변화를 이해하는 데 기여할수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.363-372
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• 2002

Recently, mutual economy cooperation in Northeast Asia has leaded steady growth among main countries of it and rather promoted a single economy circle. In this region, Busan container port competes with min container ports in China, Taiwan and Japan in it for attracting transshipment container traffic of north-Shanghai in China and for-east Russia. Therefore, this paper aims to suggest competitive strategies for Busan container port to attract container traffic in Northeast Asia To do so, it evaluates the preference of important ports in the competitive situation and competitiveness edgy of important ports in Northeast Asia, and finally proposes the relative order of important factors. Based on the evaluation of it, first, the Busan ports hue tn strengthen port facilities to attract more traffic and in detail, reinforce the number of berth, yard areas and handling equipment Second, they also have to provide high quality of services to deliver cargos in time, not being damaged and swiftly response to shipowner and shipper's claim, Third, they need to review the strategy to adopt flexible tariff policy and to invest the profit from tariff in port service and facilities, as providing higher port tariff level by a regular rate.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2008

Asian container market, expecially in the NEA(Northeast Asia) region, has been growing continuously according to international specialization of manufacturers. The circumstances surrounding port industry has also been changing rapidly. Global liner and GTO( Global Terminal Operators} have strengthen there market share with M&A and increased entry to Asia market. The competition in NEA have deepen with change of circumstance and the growth of Chinese ports while Busan port decreasing its growth rate and market share. Therefore, this study analysed the change of the port concentration in NEA and the positioning of Busan port by year. In the result, the competitive position of Busan port weakening continuously and loss much volume to competition port, and it suggests that a globalization strategy is essential for making sure of competitiveness based on the result of this paper.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.57
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• pp.301-330
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• 2014

Varied opinions have been raised on Sushen's regional activities. These are Hwabuk drift theory, Shandong Peninsula drift theory, Liaotung Peninsula theory and the theory of Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province. The theory of Sushen Dongbei that Sushen's regional activities are the Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province is widely accepted in the chinese academia. However, this paper try to criticize the theory of Sushen Dongbei on the basis of archeological data. Prehistoric monuments of the Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province are Singaeryu remains, Sonamsan remains, Aenggaryeong remains, Seokhoejang remains, Jinheung remains and Aporyeok remains. Residential group in the Eastern Area of Heilongjiang Province lived the economic life of fishing and hunting and were involved with primitive agriculture only in partial area. Its society was patriarchal clan steps of phallocentrism. By considering the cultural exchange between the Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province and Chinese dynasty, the aspect of cultural exchange in two areas was unascertainable. Therefore, the theory of Sushen Dongbei is a mistake in Chenshou's "Sanguozhi" and nothing but a theory that base on the unified theory of Zhonghua minzu and the nationalistic intention in China.

• The tire
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• s.247
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• pp.10-19
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• 2011

그 동안 세계 자동차산업의 중심이 빠른 속도로 동북아지역으로 이동해 왔다. 일본이 친환경 기술을 비롯한 자동차 첨단기술의 개발과 상용화를 주도해 왔고 중국이 높은 경제성장세를 바탕으로 세계 최대의 자동차 수요국이자 생산국으로 부상했다. 이에 따라 우리 자동차산업이 일본과 중국 사이에 낀 넛 크래커(Nut cracker) 형국에 빠지는 것이 아닌가하는 우려도 일었다. 그러나 중국 자동차산업의 고속 성장에 따른 임금상승과 취약한 부품산업 및 일본 지진사태로 인한 글로벌 부품 공급망의 위험이 노정되면서 동북아 자동차산업의 환경이 급변하고 있다. 본 고에서는 최근 한중일 3국의 자동차산업과 타이어산업의 수급 현황 및 자동차산업정책 동향을 살펴본 후 국내 타이어업계의 대응 전략을 제시해 보기로 한다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.205-216
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• 2015

The CMIP5 climate change scenarios from 34 GCMs were analyzed to quantitatively assess future changes in temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation against the global region and the Northeast Asia region with a focus on South Korea, North Korea, or Japan. The resulting projection revealed that the Northeast Asia region is subjected to more increase in temperature and precipitation than the global means for both. In particular, temperature and precipitation in North Korea were projected to increase about $5.1^{\circ}C$ and 18%, respectively under the RCP 8.5 scenario, as compared to the historical means for 30 years (1971-2000), although a large uncertainty still exists among GCMs. For solar radiation, global mean solar radiation was predicted to decrease with time in all RCP scenarios except for the RCP 2.6 scenario. On the contrary, it was predicted that the amount of solar radiation in the Northeast Asia increases in the future period.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.505-516
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• 2014

Northeast Asia including China, Japan, Mongolia, Russia, DPRK and ROK, is a geographically close region that falls under the same environmental influence. Recently the region is not only facing serious domestic environmental problems with rapid economic growth, but also confronted with transboundary environmental problems and associated conflicts between countries. Unfortunately, Northeast Asia lacks a solid environmental management system among countries to deal with transboundary and other environmental issues. Transboundary Environmental Impact Assessment (TEIA) can, therefore, be one of the essential systematic measures in which environmental problems between countries would be negotiated. However, it would be necessary to have an indepth discussion of what we have to do first for implementing TEIA system in the region, and how to operate it while customizing each Northeast Asian country with different EIA system and socioeconomic circumstance. All these cannot be decided in a short time, and we need to invest enough time for discussing and considering them from various aspects. Recently, the Korean government declared "Eurasia Initiative". The initiative proposes important developing projects and ultimately plans to build a peaceful community throughout Eurasia based on comprehensive cooperation. The initiative aims to increase exchanges in transportation, energy and agricultural sectors to achieve the goals. In this regard, implementing TEIA in Northeast Asia is urgently needed and we have to prepare the strategy for introducing TEIA mechanism. Based on the results of 10 year experience on TEIA projects conducted since 2004, we suggest double-track approaches for developing TEIA mechanism. We continuously need to make an effort to establish a regional TEIA mechanism that all countries legally join, and simultaneously we also have to prepare a process to carry out TEIA for upcoming projects based on bi- or multi-lateral agreements. Practical solutions such as conducting pilot TEIA with relevant countries and developing TEIA guideline for the region could be the first step.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.139-157
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the competitiveness of the logistics industry of three countries - Korea, China and Japan - by looking into their logistics industry structure and the related regulations. For this aim, the paper examined the modal distribution of transportation, transport infrastructure, freight cost structure and regulation in transport sector in these countries. Furthermore, this study suggests some proposals for the further cooperation to bring sustainable progress in the logistics sector across Northeast Asia. The main suggestions of this paper are as follows: First, Korean government needs to strategize its options in the logistics industry, the most competitive in the country’s service sector, in upcoming FTA negotiations with China and Japan. Second, Korea needs to foster Busan into a strategic point for the Rail Ferry System and Road Feeder System. Third, Korea should participate in establishing shuttle flight service in Northeast Asia amid exploding flight demand from active economic interchange and tourism industry development.

• The Safety technology
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• no.75
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• pp.46-49
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• 2004