• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.38 no.10 s.377
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• pp.969-973
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• 2000

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.10
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• pp.201-229
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• 2004

In der vorliegenden Albeit wird die funktionale $Dom\"{a}ne$ der Konkomitanz unter funktional-typologischen Gesichtpunkten untersucht. Dabei wird ein funktionales Rahmenwerk fur die Untersuchungen $\"{u}ber$ die verschiedenen komitativen und intrumentalen Relationen entwickelt. Es gibt eine Reihe von Partizipantenrelationen in der funktionalen $Dom\"{a}ne$ der Konkomitanz, $\n\"{a}mlich$ 'Partner', 'Companion', 'Vehicle', 'Tool', 'Material' und 'Manner'. Diese Partizipanten $k\"{o}nnen$ als Konkomitant bezichnet werden. Sie bilden ein Kontinuum $bez\"{u}glich$ der Empathiehierarchie sowie der Kontrollhierarchie. Konkomitanten $k\"{o}nnen$ bei ihrer syntaktischen Kodierung $gem\"{\a}{\ss}$ den spezifischen Typen der konkomitanten Relationen und ihren absoluten Eigenschaften variieren. Es werden sieben verschiedene Typen der Kodierungsstrategien vorgestellt, d.h. konkomitante $Pr\'{a}dikation$, adpositionale Markierung, Kasusmarkierung, Verbderivation, inkorporation, Konversion und lexikale Fusion. In einer gegebenen Sprache kann es $nat\"{u}rlich$ feinere Variation, die z.B. mit den Graden der Grammatikalisierung und Lexikakisierung dieser Kodierungsstrategien zu tun hat, geben. Die Distribution der strukturellen Apparaturen auf der funktionalen $Dom\"{a}ne$ der Konkomitanz ist innerhalb einer Sprache nicht einheitlich. Dies gilt auch $f\"{u}r$ den Sprachen (z.B. Deutsch und Englisch), die gewohnlich als ein typisches Beispiel fur den Synkretismus zwischen Komitativ und Instrumental angesehen werden. Die $Pr\"{a}position$ mit im Deutschen $dr\"{u}ckt$ nur eine Teilmenge der verschiedenen konkomitanten Relationen aus. Tlansportrnittei' und Material' werden also nicht durch die $Pr\"{a}position$ mit $ausgedr\"{u}ckt$. Beim Ausdruck der konkomitanten Relationen verwendet Deutsch konsistent die Strategie der adpositionalen Markierung. Andere $m\"{o}gliche$ Strategien $k\"{o}nnen$ als ein minimaler Sonderfall angesehen werden. Koreanisch $verf\"{u}gt$ hingegen auf zwei Ausdrucksstrategien, $n\"{a}mlich$ konkomitante $Pr\"{a}dikation$ und Kasusmarkieriing. Die Auswahl zwischen den beiden Strategien ist meistens von den Empathieeigenschaften der Konkomitanten $abh\"{a}ngig$. Auch innerhalb einer Ausdrucksstrategie spielt die Empathie der Konkomitanten eine wichtige Rolle bei der Auswahl der Strukturmittel. Einen Synkretismus weisen im Koreanischen 'Partner' & 'Companion' einerseits und 'Vehicle' & 'Tool' & 'Material' andererseits auf, Die Ersteren werden durch die auditive Kasusmarkierung und die Letzteren durch die instrumentale Kasusmarkierung ausgedruckt. Ein Synkretimus beim Ausdruck der verschiedenen konkomitanten Relationen ist in den Sprachen, die nur konkomitante $Pr\"{a}dikation$ aufweisen, nicht zu erwarten, denn ein konkomitantes $Pr\"{a}dikat$ gibt die Art der Beteiligung der Konkomitanten an der Situation lexikalisch mehr oder weniger explizit wieder

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.823-826
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• 1999

A 6-month old girl who had pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collaterals underwent one-stage complete repair with unifocalization through a bilateral thoracosternotomy(clamshell incision). There were no serious postoperative compli cations, and the postoperative echocardio-graphy showed no residual ventricular septal defect or significant pulmonary artery stenosis. In this condition, great surgical variability exists regarding the sources of pulmonary blood flow. Recent clinical work has focused on a one-stage complete repair. The potential advantages of the clamshell incision are apparent in terms of mediastinal approach, postoperative results, and safety.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.173-176
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• 1996

한국어 생성기의 성능은 여러 가지 요소로 평가될 수 있다. 속도, 생성 문장의 복잡성 등 여러 가지 요소가 평가 대상이 될 수 있다. 그 중에서 가장 중요한 요소로 평가될 수 있는 것은 생성되는 문장이 얼마나 자연스러운 것인가 하는 것이다. 자연스러움의 정도는 정확히 측정할 수 없지만 그 중에서 어절의 순서 배치, 대응되는 정확한 어휘의 선정, 조사, 어미 등의 적절한 선정을 들 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 특정한 양상을 술어가 가질 때 주격조사의 선정에 주안점을 두었다. 기존의 생성기[l,3,7,9]에서는 대표격 조사 '가(무종성)'나 '이(유종성)'를 사용하였는데 양상을 동반할 때에는 '는(무종성)'이나 '은(유종성)'을 사용하는 것이 더 자연스럽다는 것을 보이도록 하겠다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.13.2-13
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• 1981

Authors was experienced a case of mucocele in the left frontal sinus. A 24-years-old Korean male soldier was admitted to C.A.F.G.H. on 16th May 1980, with chief complaints of dull headache, exophthalmos, visual disturbance and intermittent epistaxis on the left side. On physical examination, left turbinates and septum were revealed hyperemic middle turbinate with blood tinged spots and deviated slightly to right side, and felt round, smooth, rubbery painless swelling within the orbit at the left inner canthus. The left orbital contents was displaced laterally producing proptosis with diplopia. On the radiological examination, Caldwell and Water's view showed hazy density in medial side of left orbital and left frontal sinus. Tomography of orbit showed hazy increased mass density with rather sharply defined outer margin of left bony orbit probably due to compressive erosion. The case was treated with surgical removal of the Lynch frontal approach, so present this case with a brief review of the literature.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.84-91
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• 2021

Objective : Mismatch negativity (MMN) is known to reflect several abnormalities of cognitive functioning. This study is aimed to investigate the differences in MMN among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with or without suicidal ideation. Methods : Sixty-seven patients with MDD were recruited into this study. MMN was measured by a 64-channel electroencephalography (EEG) using oddball paradigm over the front-central area. Clinical characteristics were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Beck Scale for Suicide ideation (SSI-BECK). Patients were divided into two groups, no suicidal ideation (N=12) and suicidal ideation (N=55), depending on the presence of suicide ideation in SSI-BECK questionnaires. Results : The MMN latencies were significantly longer in the MDD patients with suicidal ideation than in the MDD patents without suicidal ideation (p<0.05). The MMN amplitudes were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion : Suicidal ideation may be associated with longer MMN latencies, and it suggests that MMN may play a potential role in assessing the suicidal risk among MDD patients.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.64-67
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• 2005

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is a common disease in the field of otorhinolaryngology and is characterized by repeated upper airway occlusions occurring during sleep. OSAS can occur due to various etiologies of the nasal, oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal airway in adults. Nasal obstruction can be caused by septal deviation, nasal polyps, concha bullosa, choanal atresia, neoplasms, foreign body, postoperative/post-traumatic synechiae, various rhinitis and so on. There are various kinds of surgical treatment of OSAS including nasal surgery, LAUP, UPPP, surgery of tongue base, tracheostomy and so on, but the effect of nasal surgery on snoring and OSAS is controversial. The authors report the case of a patient who had experienced nasal obstruction, moderate snoring and OSAS and who improved after septoplasty and turbinoplasty.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.20 no.9 s.160
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• pp.753-758
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• 1982

선천이상 중에서도 순열과 구개열은 특상한 성질의 것으로서 안모의 변형, 발음장애, 신체타부와의 관계기형, 이비인후과질환을 병발하기 쉽고, 호흡기, 소화기 질환에 이환되기 쉬으며 환자는 정신적, 사회적으로도 매우 불리한 위치에 놓여 있는 신체장애자로, Fogh-Anderson은 순열과 구개열은 열성반성유전(recessive sexlinked heredity)을 한다고 보고했다. 그러나 구개열은 유전적추적이 불가능하기 때문에 그 발생원인으로 물리적원인을 우선적으로 들고있다. 발생기전은 태생 8~12조경의 제2차구개형성기에 어떤 이유로 양측의 구개돌기(palatine process)와 비중격이 분리되있는 채로 있든가, 접근해서도 유합되지 않고 있든가의 조해요인으로 태아의 모태내에 있어서의 자세, 특히 흉부에 의한 하악골압박에 의해 발생하는 소악증(micromandible), 설하수(glossoptosis)를 동반하는 Pierr Robin syndrome, 태생 8~10조경까지의 혀의 만기정유, 지, 제대의 원시구강내로의 미입등을 들수있다. 순열 및 구개열환자의 치료에 있어서 종래에는 전과정이 외과의사에게만 맡겨졌었으나, 구순, 비부의 추형등의 문제, 특징적으로 발생되는 하악의 열성장, 이별궁이 왜형, 발음장애등의 문제점해결을 위하여 필연적으로 이에 관계있는 명기다른 전문분야의 전문의가 시술에 임하게되는 multidiscipline approach로서 종합진단, 장기치료계획의 입안, 전문적 의견의 교환을 통해서 치료시기, 치료순서의 결정으로 성공적인 순열및 구개열의 치료목표를 달성하리라고 생각한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.492-498
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• 2004

Background: In this study, we investigated the risk factors for the development or progression of aortic regurgitation(AR) in patients with type I ventricular septal defect (VSD) to determine the optimal surgical timing and strategy. Material and Method: Three-hundred and ten patients with type I VSD with or without AR were included. The mean of age was 73.7$\pm$114.7 (1-737) months. One hundred and eighty six patients (60%) had no AR, 83 (27%) had mild AR, 25 (8%) had moderate AR and 16 (5%) had severe AR. Aortic valve was repaired in 5 patients and replaced in 11 patients with closure of VSD in the first operation. Four patients required redo aortic valve repair and 11 patients required redo aortic valve replacement. Age at operation, association with aortic valve prolapse, Qp/Qs, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, VSD size and systolic pulmonary artery to aortic pressure ratio(s[PAP/AP］) were included as risk factors analysis for the development of AR. The long-term result of aortic valve repair and aortic valve replacement were compared. Result: Older age at operation, association with aortic valve prolapse, high Qp/Qs, and s[PAP/AP] were identified as risk factors for the development of AR (p<0.05, Table 2). The older the patient at the time of operation, the higher the severity of preoperative AR and the incidence of postoperative AR (p<0.05, Table 1, Fig. 1). For the older patients at operation, aortic valve repair had higher occurrence of AR compared to those who had aortic valve replacement (p<0.05, Fig. 2). Conclusion: From the result of this study, we can concluded that early primary repair is recommended to decrease the progression of AR. Aortic valve repair is not always a satisfactory option to correct the aortic valve pathology, which may suggest that aortic valve replacement should be considered when indicated.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.626-632
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• 2010

Purpose: Nasal bone fractures are often classified as minor injury. However, the incidence of posttraumatic nasal deformity remains alarmingly high. It is because of unnoticed septal fracture. This study was conducted to determine the necessity of septoplasty for patients with nasal bone fracture accompanying grade I septal fractures. Methods: Among 105 patients with nasal bone fractures, 52 who had grade I septal fracture were diagnosed based on physical examination and computed tomography. Patients' age ranged from 14 to 65 years (mean 29.25 years), and 35 were male and 17 female. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to surgical treatment methods: patients who underwent closed reduction only (group 1, n=28) and those who underwent simultaneous closed reduction and septoplasty (group 2, n=24). The treatment outcomes were evaluated by comparing changes in nasal airway volume measured by acoustic rhinometry before the surgery, 3 months and 6 months after the surgery according to the timing of surgical repair and surgical treatment methods. Results: Nasal airway volume increased after the surgery by 17.8% in 3 months after the surgery, 25.2% in 6 months in group 1 and by 22.7% in 3 months, 35.8% in 6 months in group 2. The increase in airway volume after the surgery by 26.3% in 3 months after the surgery, 34.2% in 6 months after the surgery in operation within 1 week after trauma and by 12.1% in 3 months, 22.2% in 6 months after the operation later 1 week after trauma. The difference was statistically significant. Three patients in group 1 complained of intermittent nasal obstruction, two of whom showed a decrease in nasal airway volume by acoustic rhinometry. Conclusion: Most patients with nasal bone fractures accompanying grade I septal fractures have been treated with closed reduction in clinical settings. However, the results of this study suggest that septoplasty be performed after a correct diagnosis of septal fracture is made through comprehensive physical examination and computed tomography. Septoplasty is important to obtain more favorable outcomes and reduce complication.