• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.11-17
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to analyze fatigue patterns of the rectus femoris muscle by isometric contraction. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects(10 male, 10 female) participated in this study. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC) was measured by the dynamometer. Muscle activity was recorded from the rectus femoris muscle. During the experiment, the subject was seated in the chair. The measured items, median frequency(MDF) and root mean square (RMS), were collected from the surface EMG. All data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was significant difference of MVIC between male and female. Endurance time was significant difference by the level of MVIC but no significant in the main effect(sex) and interaction effect. The MDF and fatigue index were significant differences in the interaction effect. The RMS was not significant difference in both of main and interaction effect. The muscle fatigue patterns of female was greater than male after 60% MVIC. Conclusion: This study showed that sex differences of muscle fatigue were started from 60% MVIC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2011

In this study, the variation of the cutting forces generated in the machining process were evaluated experimentally. A material of $Al_{2}O_{3}$ ceramic and a tool of the dynamometer were used for the measurements of the cutting forces. With the constant rates of the feed and the tool rotation, the cutting forces were measured along three axial directions(X, Y, Z axis) for the various values of the hollow ratio. It was found that the cutting force be increasing linearly along the direction of Z axis, but along X, Y axis be not varied. Also from the viewpoint of the precesses of the hole drilling, the cutting force was found to be increasing sharply at the beginning process, but from the eighth process be increasing smoothly. As conclusions, the cutting force generated by machining for the material of $Al_{2}O_{3}$ ceramic are influenced more significantly by the feed rate and the hollow ratio than by the tool rotational speed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.8 s.113
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• pp.830-839
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• 2006

The phenomenon of squeal noise in the disk brake system has been, and still is, a. problem for the automotive industry. Extensive research has been carried out in an attempt to understand the mechanism that causes squeal noise and In developing design procedures to reduce squeal noise to make vehicles more comfortable. In this paper, the study on the analysis of squeal noise is performed by using computer aided engineering to design the anti-squeal noise disk brake system. The first part describes the chassis dynamometer and the testing procedure, and second part explains the finite element model and the complex eigenvalue analysis. Finally, it is shown that the proposed squeal noise analysis could be useful to investigate the design parameters that affect the squeal noise characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2002

The wavelet transform is a popular tool for studying intermittent and localized phenomena in signals. In this study the wavelet transform of cutting force signals was conducted for the diagnosis of grinding conditions in grinding process. We used the Daubechies wavelet analyzing function to detect a sudden change in cutting signal level. STD11 workpiece was 85 times of machined pieces cut by the WA wheel and a tool dynamometer obtained cutting force signals. From the results of the wavelet transform, the obtained signals were divided into approximation terms and detailed terms. At dressing time, the approximation signals were slowly increased and 45 machined times noticed dressing time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.373-377
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• 2002

In the end milling operation the deflection of the cutter is an important factor affecting the accuracy of machining with implications on the selection of cutting parameters and economics of the operation. The deflection of the end mill was studied both experimentally with strain gauge, tool dynamometer, laser measuring apparatus and on a finite element model of the cutting using ANSYS software. The deflection of machining tool with various helix angles was studied with FEM simulation and experiment. ANSYS analysis performed on the finite element model of the end mill provides deflection results which agree within 15.0% with the experimental ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.1 s.94
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• pp.219-225
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• 1999

Monitoring of the cutting force signals in cutting process has been well emphasized in machine tool communities. Although the cutting force can be directly measured by a tool dynamometer, this method is not always feasible because of high cost and limitations in setup. In this paper an indirect cutting force monitoring system is developed so that the cutting force in turning process is estimated based on a AC spindle drive model. This monitoring system considers the cutting force as a disturbance input to the spindle drive and estimates the cutting force based on the inverse dynamic model. The inverse dynamic model represents the dynamic relation between the cutting force, the motor torque and the motor power. The proposed monitoring system is realized on a CNC lathe and its estimation performance is evaluated experimentally.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.225-230
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• 2001

Small diameter drilling which take high precision in cutting work is needed more small hole and high speed working. Especially, small hole deep drilling is one of the most important machining types and its necessity and importance become more and more increasing in the whole field of industry. This paper shows the limit depths with small diameter drills using experimental analysis. The results are gained by tool dynamometer and Labview system and obtained during small diameter twist drilling system on SM45C steel for different machining conditions. The machine and tools are the CNC machining center and twist drill of diameter 1.5mm. And additionally, tool microscope show the relationship between shapes of chips and breakage shapes of small diameter drills.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.72-77
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• 2001

Monitoring of the chatter vibration is necessarily required to do automatic manufacturing system. Therefore, we constructed a sensing system using tool dynamometer in order to monitor of chatter vibration on cutting process. Furthemore, an application of neural network using behavior of principal cutting force signals Is attempted. With the error back propagation trining process, the neural network memorized and classified the feature of principal cutting force signals. From obtained result, it is shown that the chatter vibration can be monitored effectively by neural network.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.136-148
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• 1999

Detailed mathematical models of hybrid drivertrain components are presented and numerical simulations are carried out to analyze the shift characteristics and to improve the driving comfortability when the hybrid drivetrain is applied at the vehicle . Theoretical results are compared with experimental ones from the dynamometer as same condition in order to prove the appropriateness of modeling . Adding the vehicle body modeling, included in the suspension and the engine mount, it is possible to predict the dynamic behavior and shift characteristics more actually when shifts are occurred by automated manual transmission(AMT). these additional results are also compared with the same simulation ones of internal combustion engined vehicle equipped conventional manual transmission. Hence, it can be expected that the hybrid vehicle with AMT has a good shift quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.76-81
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• 2017

In this research, to cope with the exhaust being reviewed to establish legal regulations for domestic small vessels, a basic experiment on an exhaust emissions post-treatment system was conducted to construct the design data required for securing a localized technology. The data was secured based on the arithmetic mean calculated through setting the engine load to 25%, 50%, and 75% and conducting five. A 2800-cc turbo charger diesel-type engine was used in the experiment, and an engine dynamometer was used in the conducted tests. As a result, NOx was reduced by approximately 20% and PM was reduced by approximately 97%. Although the results indicated no significant changes to CO in test mode-1, it was greatly reduced as it transitioned into the next phase.