• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.544-547
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• 2015

An 11-year-old, intact male Pekingese was brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Kangwon National University with a 10-day history of seizures. Fifteen days before coming to Kangwon National University, the dog had visited a local animal hospital for lameness, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were prescribed to treat this symptom. However, 10 days before coming to our hospital, the dog experienced generalized seizures. Two days before his arrival, generalized ataxia and mental dullness also occurred. Our examinations revealed no remarkable findings on a routine blood test or X-ray. However, the neurological examinations confirmed mental dullness, generalized ataxia, and a lack of menace response and pupillary light reflexes. Nine hours later, dyspnea occurred, and 12 hours after that, the patient was euthanized per the client's request. A necropsy of transverse sections confirmed the presence of a prominent midline shift due to extended tumor growth. On histopathological analyses, pseudopalisading necrosis of the glial cells and microvascular proliferation were observed. In immunohistochemical analysis, glial fibrillary acidic protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigens, and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 immunoreactive cells were observed in the tumor area. Based on the results, the tumor was confirmed to be a glioblastoma. Primary intracranial tumors are rare in the veterinary field. This case report describes the clinical and histopathological findings of glioblastoma in a Pekingese.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1087-1090
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• 2018

Purpose: To report a case of trochlear nerve palsy caused by quadrigeminal cistern lipoma located in the dorsal midbrain. Case summary: A 65-year-old male visited our clinic for intermittent vertical diplopia over 2-year period. Symptoms of diplopia had worsened over the past two weeks. He had no previous medical history except having had diabetes for 1 month. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Pupillary examination was not remarkable. Extraocular examination showed 4 prism diopters (PD) left hypertropia at distant gaze and 4 PD exotropia at near gaze, with adduction elevation of the left eye. The Bielschowsky head tilt test revealed 6 PD left hypertropia on the left gaze and orthotropia on the right tilt. Fundus examination showed excyclotorsion of the right eye and incyclotorsion of the left eye. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed quadrigeminal cistern lipoma. Prism glasses were prescribed to alleviate diplopia, and we followed up the lesions without further treatment. Conclusions: Trochlear nerve palsy can be caused by quadrigeminal cistern lipoma; however, it is uncommon for this condition to be caused by a compressive lesion. Prompt neuroimaging can be helpful to rule out the causes of this condition in patients with atypical symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.266-276
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• 2021

Fundus hemorrhage refers to abnormalities in the retinal tissue and blood vessels. Therefore, when a hemorrhagic change in the fundus occurs, the ophthalmologist orders various ophthalmic tests to evaluate the degree of hemorrhage and determine the progress of the lesion before, during, and after treatment to accordingly establish a treatment plan. Currently, the most useful and universal fundus examination includes optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus photography (FP), and fluorescein angiography (FAG). Existing fluorescein angiography test methods for establishing a treatment plan for severe fundus bleeding have limitations. The authors propose that peripheral pupil and the 5-quadrant method should be performed using ultra-wide-angle fluorescence fundus angiography (UWFFA). Using this method, it is possible to quickly determine the area to be described, avoid the radius of bleeding as much as possible, and provide the ophthalmologist with a range of damaged tissue and abnormal blood vessels. Nevertheless, there are cases in which ophthalmologists judge that fundus bleeding is so severe that ultra-wide-angle fluorescence fundus angiography is meaningless. In such cases, ophthalmic ultrasound and electroretinogram may be used in that order as alternative methods of examination. Therefore, some clinical situations require the use of ophthalmic ultrasound and electroretinogram and should be performed accurately.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.155-166
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• 2021

Recently, digital health care technology is spreading and developing in various fields. Therefore, in this paper, we realized that the field to which digital healthcare technology is not applied is the field of optometry, and implemented a digital healthcare optometry system for precise lens manufacturing. A device called Phoroptor is used to manufacture the lens, and this device sets the lens by measuring the visual acuity of the person who requested the glasses. And when the person to be measured wears glasses, a device called a PD meter is used to align the pupil center and lens focus. However, there is a limit to the convenience of precise lens production and optometry due to the absence of a database and program that can accumulate and analyze the PD measurement error, inconvenience and error due to manual control of the Phoroptor, and optometric information. Therefore, in this paper, PD meter design for more accurate PD measurement, Phoroptor design and Phoroptor control application design for automatic Phoroptor control, and a database and analysis program that automatically set lenses using optometry information for each subject had been designed. Based on this, ultimately, a digital healthcare optometry system using an optometry database has been implemented.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.91-100
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose autonomous intelligent wheelchair system which recognize the commands using the gaze recognition and avoid the detected obstacles by sensing the distance through range sensors on the way to driving. The user's commands are recognized by the gaze recognizer which use a centroid of eye pupil and two reflection points extracted using a camera with infrared filter and two infrared LEDs. These are used to control the wheelchair through the user interface. Then wheelchair system detects the obstacles using 10 ultrasonic sensors and assists that it avoid collision with obstacles. The proposed intelligent wheelchair system consists of gaze recognizor, autonomous driving module, sensor control board and motor control board. The gaze recognizer cognize user's commands through user interface, then the wheelchair is controled by the motor control board using recognized commands. Thereafter obstacle information detected by ultrasonic sensors is transferred to the sensor control board, and this transferred to the autonomous driving module. In the autonomous driving module, the obstacles are detected. For generating commands to avoid these obstacles, there are transferred to the motor control board. The experimental results confirmed that the proposed system can improve the efficiency of obstacle avoidance and provide the convenient user interface to user.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.69-76
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• 2023

Cavity causes settlement and its remediation after an accident results in significant time and economic losses. This study aims to experimentally evaluate the prospect of using infrared camera to detect and measure underground subsidence. Emissivity is necessary to detect the energy emitted from an object and accurately assess temperature using an infrared camera. The emissivity in laboratory tests is fixed to evaluate a reasonable distance between the infrared camera and the object, and temperature values are assessed at various distances. In field experiments, the cavity of the field experiment is simulated using a PVC pipe with a diameter of 5 cm, artificially buried at depths of 5 and 25 cm from the surface. The infrared camera measurements are taken from 4 PM to 3 PM of the next day (a total of 23 h). The analysis included the time-series temperature distribution and the cooling rate index assessment, which represents the temperature change rate per unit of time. The results showed that various temperature trends are observed depending on the location of the subsidence. This study demonstrates that the infrared camera can be used to assess the condition of the subsurface.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.279-288
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• 2007

We have studied a method for the preparation of $ACF/TiO_2$ composites involving the penetrationof titanium n-butoxide (TNB) solution into activated carbon fiber. It was focused on the characterization of $TiO_2$ formed in prorous carbon was which increased with surface functional groups by hydrochloric acid treatment. The conversion of TNB to $TiO_2$ for the acid treatment effect must be important for the preparationof $ACF/TiO_2$ composites. From the characterization of surface properties, both the BET surface area and the total pore volume decreased as the distribution of $TiO_2$ on the activated carbon fiber surfaces after acid treatments.The changes in XRD pattern showed the typical anatase type on $ACF/TiO_2$ composite for the sample named FT, FT1 and FT2 treated with 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 M, respectively. However, XRD patern of FT3 treated with 0.5M showed mixed amatase-rutile structure. According to the results of SEM micrographs, the titanium complexe particles were irregularly distributed around carbon. And some large clusters were found when an amount of acid treatment increased. The EDX results of $ACF/TiO_2$ composites showed the presence of C, O and P with strong Ti peaks. Finally, the excellent photocatalytic activity of the $ACF/TiO_2$ composites between relative concentration($c/c_o$) of MB (methylene blue) and UV irradiation time could be attributed to the both effects between photocatalysis of the formation of titania complexes and adsorptivity of the activated carbon fiber.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was assessed to investigate the change of subjective and/or objective symptoms and the light transmittance of lens caused by the use longer than recommended wearing time of daily disposable circle contact lenses (circle lens) in dry eyes. Methods: Three daily disposable circle lenses made of etafilcon A, hilafilcon B, and nelfilcon A were applied on 30 dry eyes with smaller tear volume than normal eyes in their twenties free from any eye diseases by when subjects complained any kind of discomfort. On the first and the last days of lens wearing, subjective discomfort, blinking rate, lens centration on corneal surface and visible light transmittance of lens were recorded at every case and compared. Results: The circle lens wearers complained subjective discomfort and quit the lens wearing when they wore the circle lens longer than 10 hours even though there were some difference according to the lens materials of daily disposable circle lens. However, around 20% of dry eyes could wear the circle lens made of non-ionic materials longer than 40 hours. Dry eyes showed most sensitive feeling of subjective discomfort against the circle lens made of etafilcon A among three different lens materials. On the last day of lens wearing, the representative subjective discomforts were irritation, stiffness, dryness and tiredness. When the subjects wore circle lens more than the recommended time, blinking rate was significantly increased about 20~30% regardless of lens materials when it compared with the values right after lens wearing. On the last day of lens wearing, the vertical direction of lens centration was shifted to pupil center however, its distribution in horizontal direction was wide compared with the distribution right after lens wearing. Especially, the centration of etafilcon A lens was unstable. Furthermore, the visible light transmittance of 3 different circle lenses in dry eyes has significantly been reduced around 15% averaged. Conclusions: From these results, it was known that the increase of dryness and stiffness caused by overusage of daily disposable circle lens induced excess irritation and decreased visible light transmittance and caused significant more blinking, which provoked lens decentration. It was also revealed that dry eyes showed sensitive reaction subjectively and objectively against the overusage of circle lens made of high water content/ionic lens material even there were some difference of the degree depending on the individual and the lens material. Thus, this research can be suggested as the basic reference for the education about some unexpected problems and the side effect caused by the wearing of circle lens in dry eyes.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the result of inlay cortical strut bone grafts for large cysts or cavitary bone lesions in long bones. Materials and Methods: Seven patients with large cyst or cavitary bony lesions were managed with curettage, allogeneic inlay cortical strut and cancellous bone grafts. Additional plate and screw fixations were performed in 6 patients. There were three SBCs, two FDs with secondary ABC changes, one FD and one post-cement spacer removal state. Three of them had pathologic fractures. Progression of bone healing and mechanical support and functional result were evaluated. The mean follow-up period was 25.4 months. Results: Incorporations into host bones were progressed in all, average 4.2 months in six metaphyseal regions and 5.8 months in five diaphyseal regions respectively. Full structural supports were achieved in all except one patient without any additional procedures. No allograft-related complication was developed. Mean functional score according to the MSTS criteria was 29.6 at last follow up. Conclusion: Inlay cortical strut graft provided additional mechanical stability and bone stock for screw purchase in large cyst or cavitary defects of long bones, which allow early mobilization and excellent functional outcome.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.674-679
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• 2009

Purpose : The authors aimed to analyze the long-term effects of treatments, especially external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), in bilateral retinoblastoma patients. Methods : This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 22 bilateral retinoblastoma patients who were registered between October, 1987 and October, 1998 and followed-up for more than 10 years. They were treated by enucleation, EBRT, and systemic chemotherapy. Age at diagnosis, sex, delay prior to treatment, Reese-Ellsworth (RE) classification, and the local treatment modalities were analyzed in relation to recurrence-free survival (RFS) and complications. Results : Median age at diagnosis was 7.0 months (range 1.7-31.6 months). Leukocoria was the most common presenting feature. Two patients had a familial history. The RE classifications of the 44 eyes were group II in 4, III in 14, IV in 4, and V in 22. At the end of a median follow-up period of 141 months (range 55-218 months), 20 patients were alive. The 10-year ocular survival rate of the 44 eyes was $56.8{\pm}7.5%$. The 10-year RFS and ocular survival rate of the 29 eyes treated by combined EBRT and chemotherapy were 75.9% and 86.2%, respectively. Treatment delay (>3 months) was found to be related to higher risk of recurrence. Complications after EBRT were cataract, retinal detachment, phthisis bulbi, and facial asymmetry. No patient developed a second malignancy during the follow-up period. Conclusion : Early detection and prompt treatment can increase ocular survival rates. In addition, careful attention should be paid to possible long-term sequelae in these patients.