• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2007

Management of odors is essential to swine industry in the Republic of Korea. This study was conducted to evaluate the odor removal efficiency of biofilter ducting systems. Rice straw and auto clave concrete(ALC) were used as filter medium. The ventilation fans(5 units, diameter: 500 mm) at the side wall of a growing pig housing were connected to a biofilter using a duct. The size of a biofilter is $2.5{\times}2{\times}1.2(W{\times}L{\times}H)$. The air velocities at the 300 mm above rice straw and ALC were 0.77 and 0.56 m/s, respectively. Ammonia concentration at the outlet of rice straw and ALC media were 2 and 3 ppm, respectively. Dust concentrations were also measured. The dust concentrations of rice straw and ALC were 93, $32\;mg/m^3$, respectively. There was no significant difference between filter mediums in terms of carbon dioxide concentrations(rice straw: 320, ALC: 270 mg/l). The concentration of hydrogen sulfide was stable over the experimentation. The actual concentrations of hydrogen sulfide were 4, 3 and 3 ppm at the days of 7, 21 and 36, respectively. These results suggest that biofilter ducting systems may remove odors from pig house effectively.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2007

Six pig farms were surveyed to measure the odor concentrations and characteristics of ammonia and sulfide corollary compounds in piggery. They were depended on the scale of piggery, weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, scales and types of pig breeding, and manure treatment methods. The highest ammonia concentrations in piggery were measured during the winter, since the tight sealed insulation in piggery made less amount of generated ammonia discharged from piggery. The objective of this study was to measure concentrations of odor in the piggery by season and growing, and to measure concentrations of odor at boundary area. So, we investigated the raising managements, manure managements, and methods of reducing odor according to farm scale. We found that concentration of ammonia gas in the swine fattening piggery in winter was the highest. This result is consistent with the lower ventilation rate to maintain Indoor temperature. In this result, there was no connection between farm scale and ventilating system. Concentration of ammonia gas was 1.64 ppm at one boundary area in the middle scale. $H_2S$, $CH_3SH$, $(CH_3)_2S$, and $(CH_3)_2S_2$ were below the standard of protection odor policy.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2005

A field survey was conducted to determine the concentration of odor compounds from pig buildings and that were 20 meters within the boundary area. The odor compounds were measured from large, medium and small farms with enclosed and open housing systems and slurry and sawdust manure fermentation treatment methods. Among the odor compounds investigated, ammonia ($NH_3$) had the highest concentration at 0.9 ${\~}$ 21.0 ppm followed by Hydrogen Sulfide($H_2S$) with a wide variation concentration of 51.9 ${\~}$ 6,712.4 pub, Uethylmercaptan($CH_3SH$) with non-detectable (N. D.) ${\~}$ 12.9 ppb, Dimethylsulphide($(CH_3)_2S$), with N. D. ${\~}$ 5.2 ppb and Dimethyldisulphide($(CH_3)_2S_2$) with N. D. ${\~}$ 2.6 ppb. Considering the prevailing wind direction and air velocity ranging from 0.23 to 0.73 m/s within the boundary area, the odorous matters; $NH_3$, $H_2S$, $CH_3SH$, $(CH_3)_2S_2$ and $(CH_3)_2S$ were 0.2${\~}$4.5 ppm, 0.01 ${\~}$0.06 ppb, N. D. ${\~}$0.009ppb, N. D.${\~}$0.002ppb and N. D. for $(CH_3)_2S$ respectively. These findings suggested that the Odor compounds $(CH_3)_2S_2$ had the lower detection in the boundary area whilst $(CH_3)_2S$ had no detection level within a 20-meter distance only. However, with these results odor compounds from pig buildings has to be further investigated under more controlled environmental factors.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.135-144
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• 2002

An experiment was conducted to evaluate a ventilation system, which was devised to encourage farmers to use the enclosed growing and finishing pig housing system. A roof-air-entry ventilation system in winter and a side-wall-air-entry system in summer were evaluated. Air flow rate on the floor level which is the low part of pen and the living area of pigs in the enclosed growing and finishing pig house during winter was measured at 0 to 0.19 m/s at the minimum ventilation efficiency of 1,440 $m^{3}/h$. During summer the air flow rate was detected at 0.07 to 0.42 m/s at the maximum ventilation efficiency of 24,000 $m^{3}/h$. Therefore, it is concluded that the side-wall ventilation system is suitable for growing and finishing pigs in the enclosed house during the days of mid-summer and the roof-ventilation system was suitable during the coldest days of mid-winter. In addition, although the enclosed pig house has the system in which air exhausts through only one side wall, air should enter through both-side walls for the better ventilation performance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.830-832
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• 2018

사람의 출입이 없는 폐쇄된 돈사에서 돼지에 대한 자동 감시 시스템에 관한 연구는 돼지의 움직임을 탐지 및 추적함으로써 돼지의 상태를 실시간으로 분석하기 위해 진행되고 있다. 그러나 돈사 내 감시 카메라를 통한 돼지의 움직임 탐지 및 추적은 여러 환경적/구조적인 제약으로 인하여 문제점이 발생한다. 특히, 돈사 내 사료통 등과 같은 고정 구조물에 의하여 돼지를 정확히 탐지할 수 없는 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 고정 구조물에 가려진 돼지 영역을 탐지하기 위하여 먼저 구조물의 영역을 설정 후 제거하고, 돼지의 가려진 영역을 가려지지 않은 영역 정보를 이용하여 보정하는 픽셀 보간 기법을 제안한다. 실험 결과, 구조물에 의하여 가려진 돼지의 영역이 적절히 보간되었고, 실시간으로 처리(평균 보간 수행 시간은 2~3 msec)됨을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.1162-1165
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• 2012

어미로부터 생후 21일령(또는 28일령)에 젖을 때는 어린 자돈들은 면역력이 약하여 통상 폐사율이 30~40%까지 치솟는 등 자돈 관리가 국내 양돈 농가의 가장 큰 문제 중 하나로 인식되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 양돈 농가의 문제를 해결하기 위하여 자돈사(새끼돼지 축사)에 카메라와 마이크를 설치하고 획득된 영상과 소리 정보를 이용하여 자돈들을 모니터링하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 실시간으로 유입되는 영상과 소리 스트림 데이터로부터 각각 움직임 벡터와 평균 피치 값을 추출하여 이미 설정된 정상 상황의 임계치 값을 넘는 순간부터를 불특정 이상 상황이라 판단한다. 실제, 경상남도 함양군의 한 돼지 농장에 A/V 센서 기반의 실험 환경을 구축하고 2012년 6월 한 달간의 이유자돈 돈사의 모니터링 데이터 셋을 취득하였고 전반기 15일간의 데이터 셋을 이용하여 자돈사 모니터링 시스템의 프로토타입을 설계 구현하였으며 후반기 15일간의 A/V 스트림 데이터로는 검증 실험을 수행하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.223-225
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• 2013

어미로부터 생후 21일령 또는 28일령에 젖을 때는 어린 자돈들은 면역력이 약하여 통상 폐사율이 30~40%까지 치솟는 등 자돈 관리가 국내 양돈 농가의 가장 큰 문제 중 하나로 인식되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 양돈 농가의 문제를 해결하기 위하여 자돈사에 비디오 카메라를 설치하고 획득된 영상 정보를 이용하여 자돈들을 관리하는 시스템을 제안한다. 특히 제안된 시스템은 실시간으로 유입되는 영상 스트림 데이터로부터 움직임 여부를 신속히 판단하고, 움직임이 없는 경우(수면 또는 휴식)에 바닥면적 중 자돈들이 차지하지 않은 부분의 면적을 추출하여 수면 또는 휴식 중 자돈들의 밀집 여부를 판단한다. 즉, 카메라를 이용하여 과도하게 밀집된 경우 온도를 올려주고 반대의 경우 온도를 낮춰주는 온도제어 시스템을 설계할 수 있다. 실제, 경상남도 함양군의 한 돼지 농장에 비디오 센서 기반의 실험 환경을 구축하고 자돈사 감시 데이터 셋을 취득하였고, 이를 이용하여 제안된 자돈사 관리 시스템의 프로토타입을 개발하였다.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2008

Appropriate air quality in the pig building is essential to prevent farmers' health as well as to increase pig performance. This on-site experiment was conducted to assess dust reduction efficiencies of several liquid additives with spaying method in the enclosed pig building. The mean reduction rate of total dust only after spray was approximately 30% for all the treatments compared to initial level before spraying additives, which was found to reduce the initial level of total dust significantly (p<0.05). The mean reduction rate of all the treatments at 1hr after spray was about 24% which was 6% lower than only after spray. Since 3hr after spray, however, total dust level were fluctuated variably for all the treatments besides application of the soybean oil. Based on this result, effect of soybean oil on dust reduction in the enclosed pig building was most prominent among liquid additives evaluated in terms of efficiency and duration.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.99-104
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• 2016

In animal and plant facilities, dust samples were collected from cattle sheds, pigsties and hen-houses, which have high proportion of electrical fires. The samples were diluted in distilled water and water resistivity was measured. Current measurements and tracking reappearance experiments were conducted using distilled water with dust samples. The analysis results were obtained to track the fire risks according to the dust resistivity. The highest value was the dust from cattle sheds followed in order by the dust of pigsties and hen-houses. In experiments measuring the temperature change and RMS current, the lower resistivity of water showed a significant trend of temperature and high amperage. In the tracking reappearance experiment with the lower resistivity water, the tracking speed was fast and the ignition time was shortened. This study investigated why each dust resistivity shows different results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.54-57
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• 2017

돈사 감시 응용은 내재된 데이터 병렬성을 활용하고 성능가속기를 사용하여 병렬처리가 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 multicore-CPU와 manycore-GPU로 구성된 이기종 컴퓨팅 환경에서 돈사 감시 응용 수행 시 태스크 분배 방법을 제안한다. 즉, 각 태스크별로 OpenCL로 작성된 병렬 프로그램을 deviceCPU와 deviceGPU 각각에서 수행시켜 측정된 수행시간을 기준으로 가장 적합한 처리기를 결정한다. 제안 방법은 간단하지만 매우 효과적이고, CPU와 GPU로 구성된 이기종 컴퓨팅 플랫폼에서 다른 응용을 병렬화하는데에도 적용될 수 있다. 실험 결과, 상이한 이기종 컴퓨팅 플랫폼에서 최적의 태스크 분배로 수행 한 경우가 전체 태스크들을 deviceGPU에서 수행한 방법에 비교하여 각각 2배, 11배 성능 개선이 되었음을 확인하였다.