• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine various definitions of urban heat island and to analyze the characteristics and differences of each methodology by applying each methodology for deriving the heat island region to Seoul. The definition of the heat island is divided into the atmospheric heat island and the surface heat island according to the utilized temperature data. The methodology for deriving the heat island area differs depending on the comparison method and the spatial extent of the analysis. As a result of analyzing each methodology for Seoul city, it was confirmed that the heat island area of Seoul is different according to temperature data. Also, it is confirmed that the distribution range of the heat island area is different according to the spatial range of analysis. This shows that even if the heat island area is analyzed for the same space and the same view point, the heat island area is derived differently according to each methodology. This study can be used as a basic study to solve the urban heat island problem in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of urban heat island considering urban space at nighttime. We used to analyze landuse and landcover data of 1:1,000 scale, DTM, and surface temperature extracted ASTER image satellite of nighttime. According to the analytical results, heat intensity in single-family residential is higher than that in industrial area, public facility area, and commercial area because the anthropogenic heat by energy consumption is released. Likewise, the temperature difference were big in the buildings of industrial area depending on operating hours. Meanwhile, green and river area had cooling impacts mitigating the urban heat island. Therefore, we have to mitigate heat intensity through constructing green space and waterfront area. As mentioned above, we think that the results of this study will be used as base data for effective spatial planning when formulating development planning to mitigate urban heat island at nighttime.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

There is no doubt that the urban heat island (UHI) is a mounting problem in built-up environments, due to energy retention by the surface materials of dense buildings, leading to increased temperatures, air pollution, and energy consumption. To investigate the UHI, three-dimensional (3-D) information is necessary to analyze complex sites, including dense building clusters. In this research, 3-D building geometry information is combined with two-dimensional (2-D) urban surface information to examine the relationship between urban characteristics and temperature. In addition, this research introduces spatial regression models to account for the spatial spillover effects of urban temperatures, and includes the following steps: (a) estimating urban temperatures, (b) developing a 3-D city model, (c) generating urban parameters, and (d) conducting statistical analyses using both Ordinary Least-Squares (OLS) and Spatial Regression Models. The results demonstrate that 3-D urban characteristics greatly affect temperatures and that neighborhood effects are critical in explaining temperature variations. Finally, the implications of the results are discussed, providing guidelines for policies to reduce the UHI.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.77-80
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• 2024

Aedes albopictus, a common species in the Republic of Korea, is internationally known as a major vector for various diseases, and it is well-adapted to urban environments. Recent insect outbreaks in urban areas, attributed to climate change and urban heat islands, have increased the necessity of researching the effects on mosquito populations. This study analyzed climate data from 25 Automatic Weather System (AWS) stations in Seoul, identifying urban areas with pronounced heat island effects and suburban areas with milder effects. Nine urban heat island conditions were established based on this analysis, under which the hatching rates of Ae. albopictus were examined. The results revealed an increase in hatching rates correlating with the intensity of the urban heat island effect. Regression analysis further indicated that this trend accelerates as the strength of the heat island effect increases. This study suggests that temperature variations resulting from urban heat island phenomena can significantly influence the hatching rates of Ae. albopictus.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.61-73
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• 2019

Urban development and densification have led to the Urban Heat Island Effect, in which the temperature of urban space is higher than the surrounding areas, and the intensity is increasing with climate change. In addition, when the city's air temperature rises in summer, low-income, elderly population, and socially vulnerable people who have health problems lack the ability to cope with the elevated heat environment. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the urban heat island area of Seoul through Hotspot analysis, which is a spatial statistics technique, and explored physical environments, demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of urban heat island effect areas using logistic regression models. This study performed urban heat island hotspot analysis using the average air temperatures of the 423 administrative dongs in Seoul. Analysis results identified that the urban heat islands were concentrated in Jung-gu, Jongno-gu, Yongsan-gu, and Yeongdeungpo-gu. Logistic regression analysis results indicated that urban heat island areas of Seoul were affected by residential floor area ratio, commercial facility floor area ratio, overall floor area ratio, impervious surface ratio, and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI). In addition, as a result of analyzing the vulnerable area of thermal environment considering the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the heat island area, urban heat island areas of Seoul were significantly associated with the proportion of low-income elderly living alone. The result of this study provided useful insights for urban thermal environmental design and policy development that could improve the thermal environment for the socially disadvantaged urban population.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.135-148
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the urban heat island (UHI) intensity and the corresponding surface temperature forecast obtained using the local data assimilation and prediction system (LDAPS) of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) against the AWS observation. The observed UHI intensity in Seoul increases during spring and winter, while it decreases during summer. It is found that the diurnal variability of the UHI intensity peaks at dawn but reaches a minimum in the afternoon. The LDAPS overestimates the UHI intensity in summer but underestimates it in winter. In particular, the model tends to overestimate the UHI intensity during the daytime in summer but underestimate it during the nighttime in winter. Moreover, surface temperature errors decrease in summer but increase in winter. The underestimation of the winter UHI intensity appears to be associated with weak forecasting of urban temperature in winter. However, the overestimated summer UHI intensity results from the underestimation of the suburban temperature forecast in summer. In order to improve the predictability of the UHI intensity, an urban canopy model (MORUSES) that considers urban effects was combined with LDAPS and used for simulation for the summer of 2017. The surface temperature forecast for the city was improved significantly by adopting MORUSES, and there were remarkable improvements in urban surface temperature morning forecasts. The urban canopy model produced an improvement effect that weakened the intensity of the UHI, which showed an overestimation during summer.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.253-264
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• 2022

The effect of decreased human activity on the urban heat island intensity (UHII) was analyzed using the observed temperature data of six sites (including one reference area) in Daejeon Metropolitan City from February to May of 2019 to 2021. Depending on the observation site, UHII decreased by approximately 20% in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019 before COVID-19. The decrease in human activity increased UHII at night and decreased it during the daytime. Consequently, UHII diurnal amplitude increased by approximately 20% in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019, irrespective of location. The decrease in UHII did not appear to be significantly correlated with natural factors such as wind speed and social distancing steps. In contrast, UHII was correlated with social distancing and significantly reduced air pollutants after COVID-19, with the most significant correlation observed for NO₂.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

Areas developed through land reclamation projects have huge economic advantages in terms of supplying lands that can be used for farmlands, urban areas and etc., however have relatively small areas of grasslands and densely located buildings compared to inland cities. Hence, an urban heat island is occurring in these areas due to this characteristic, and in particular, the urban heat island in Cheongna International City is getting serious. In this study, the urban heat island in Cheongna International City was evaluated and analyzed by classified into the three periods after the reclamation project: farmland(2001-2008), development(2009-2013) and artificial grassland(2014-2020). The land cover map and Landsat time-series imagery were utilized for measuring the differences of the land surface temperatures between the urbanized areas and the grassland/forest areas in Cheongna International City. The statistical results showed that the differences in the land surface temperature between these areas were calculated to be at most 0℃ during the period of farmland, at most 3.60℃ during the period of development, and at most 2.51℃ during the period of grassland. This study proved that the urban heat island phenomenon increased when the urbanized areas increased, and the urban heat island phenomenon decreased when the artificial grassland areas increased in Cheongna International City where the reclamation project was carried out. The statistical results derived through this research can be used as the reference data for identifying the urban heat island problem in urban planning and establishing the reduction plan.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.468-468
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• 2022

기후변화 및 도시열섬화 등의 영향으로 여름철 폭염 및 봄·겨울철 미세먼지 영향은 증가하고 있다. 최근 40년(1980년~2019년) 동안 서울의 최고기온은 2.2℃ 증가하였으며, 이는 전국에서 두 번째로 높은 증가추세이다. 서울시는 도시열섬과 미세먼지 저감을 일환으로 '스마트 물순환도시 조성사업'을 추진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 서울형 물순환도시 소개와 더불어 쿨링포그, 쿨루프, 클린로드시스템, 투수블록, 식생수로 빗물정원 등 수자원을 활용한 기술을 조사하고 문헌조사를 통해 저감효과를 비교분석하였다. 이는 수자원을 활용한 도시 형태 개선으로 쾌적한 도시환경 조성 뿐만 아니라 시민의 행복과 만족감 증대에 기여할 것으로 판단되며, 향후 서울형 스마트 물순환도시 보다 많은 지역에 확대운영 할 수 되도록 기여하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.379-381
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• 2000

도시의 기온은 지표면 피복상태의 변화와 도시내부의 에너지 사용의 증가에 의해서 주변의 교외지역과는 차이가 있다. 따라서 도시기후의 연구에 있어서 도시와 교외의 기온의 비교 연구는 도시기상의 기초가 되어 왔다(Howard, 1883, Lowry, 1969). 일반적으로 도시가 교외보다 기온이 높은 것으로 알려져 있고 기온이 높은 영역은 도심을 중심으로 나타나면서 도시열섬(Heat Island)으로 일컸는다. (중략)