• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.60-75
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• 2011

• 중국학논총
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• no.69
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• pp.53-74
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• 2021

本文考察了'都-數量詞'构式的分布特点和語用特征。首先, '都-數量詞'构式的分布可以分爲'都'出現在數量詞前, '都'和數量詞之間有動詞出現, '都'的前或后有副詞出現等三种情况。在這三种'都-數量詞'句子中'都'表示一种情態意義, 指一个主觀大量; 超過听話人或設話人所預設的數量或程度。其次, '都-數量詞'构式的語用特征可以簡单概括爲以下兩点。第一, '設話人所要表達的尺度的含蓄性'; 數量詞在句子中表示一定的尺度, 在這个尺度范圍里它會指可能性最低值, 所以'都'在构式中表示設話人所要表達的尺度的含蓄性。第二, '焦点敏感算子'; 從信息結构的觀点考察'都-數量詞'句子, 發現有自然焦点結构和句子焦点結构等兩种類型, 其中'都'在句子中有焦点敏感算子的功能。

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.86.1-86.1
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• 2015

고대 천문학의 대표적인 관측기기로 혼의가 있다. 중국도 일찍 혼의가 도입되어 천체 관측에 활용된 것으로 보인다. 중국 고대의 선기옥형이라는 기기가 한(漢) 대에 접어 들어 서양에서 도입된 혼천설의 영향을 받아 혼의로 발전하였다. 초창기 혼의에는 주천도수와 24방위의 눈금을 새겼고, 원주율을 3으로 적용하였다. 한말(漢末)에 혼천설에 따라 혼의 안에 지구를 만들고 혼천의 또는 혼천상이라고 불렀다. 혼천설의 구조를 적용하기 위해 비교적 자세한 원주율의 값이 알려지면서 혼의의 정밀한 눈금을 제작하는 계기를 마련하였다. 더불어 수 개의 환을 혼의에 추가하여 2층 구조의 혼의를 개발하였다. 당(唐) 대에 이르러 육합의, 삼신의, 사유의로 구성된 혼의의 3층 구조가 완성되었다. 송(宋) 대에는 혼의와 혼상에 수격식 자동운행장치를 도입하여 혼천의라고 하고, 이전의 관측용 혼의를 동후의(銅候儀)라고 불렀다. 조선 세종 대에 제작한 혼천의는 송(宋) 대의 자동운행이 결합된 혼의였고, 동후의의 관측기능을 대신하여 간의를 사용하였다. 그 재원은 각각 오징의 "서찬언"과 "원사"에서 빌려왔고, 이를 "제가역상집"에 정리하였다. 혼의의 환에는 한 개의 원주에 주천도수, 12시백각, 24방위 중 한 종류의 눈금을 그렸다. 그러나 간의에서는 한 개의 원주에 두 개의 눈금을 그리는 방법이 시작되었다. 이러한 눈금제작 방식은 조선에서 새롭게 개발된 일성정시의에 적용되었다.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.279-282
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 행렬응축기법 및 부구조기법을 이용하여 가변형 입체 복합 공간 구조물을 효율적으로 해석할 수 있는 해석기법을 제안하였다. 최근 구조공학의 발전과 더불어 다양한 사회적 경제적 요구에 의해 가변형 입체 복합 공간 구조물에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 가변형 입체 복합 공간 구조물은 많은 구조부재가 필요 하며, 부재 수가 많아짐에 따라 각 절점이 가지는 자유도수가 크게 증가하여 초기 해석 과정에서 많은 시간이 요구된다. 또한 구조물이 변경되는 경우에는 변경되는 부분의 강성의 변화에 따라 전체 구조물의 강성이 변경되므로 이에 따른 전체 구조물의 재해석 과정이 필요하다. 이러한 점에서 구조물의 자유도수를 줄여주는 행렬응축기법과 반복적인 해석과정을 줄여주는 부구조기법은 가변형 입체 복합 공간구조물을 효율적으로 해석 할 수 있는 방법이 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 행렬응축기법과 부구조기법을 이용하여 가변형 입체 복합 공간 구조물을 효율적으로 해석할 수 있는 해석기법을 제안하고, 이를 토대로 구체적인 알고리즘을 작성하였다. 또한 알고리즘을 구체화시켜 가변형 입체 복합 공간 구조시스템에 적합한 구조해석 프로그램을 개발하여 예제 구조물에 대하여 구조해석을 수행하였으며, 구조해석 결과를 상용프로 그램의 구조해석 결과와 비교하여 해석기법에 대한 정확성 및 효율성을 검토하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2002

The main purpose of this article is to suggest a modified SNAGs manual method in based of Mulligan techniques. And this study aimed to resolve the back pain which has combined movement dysfunction in lumbar spine, in addition to upgrade of manual therapy technique in clinical field. The results of this study were as following; 1. The first introduction of SNAGs in Korea is the 'International Mulligan Concepts and Techniques Seminar' by Prof. Russell M. Woodman(Quinnipiac college, USA), 1998. SNAGs is defined a mobilization with movement manual therapy that facet joints of the lesion mobilized to anterior-superior direction according to the treatment plane in apophyseal joint of hypomobility. 2. A treatment mechanism of the SNAGs is, Mulligan say, HIVD which is the result of posterior disk bulging from a increased between intervertebral pressure due to hypo-mobile of facet joints in abnormal spine, so therapist should be necessary mobilization of zygophyseal joints especially in disk lesion. 3. Because Mulligan does not yet mentioned SNAGs techniques about a back pain with combined movements dysfunction, so we suggest a modified SNAGs method for manual therapy of back pain patients due to combined movement dysfunction at lumbar.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2002

This article was researched that the question for cognition, requirement, plan of activation of the orthopaedic physical therapist in physical therapy room of public health center. We analysed with SPSS/10.0 stastistics programs returned 123 questionnaire. These results were followed. 1. Ratio of physical therapist in the physical therapy room of public health center was that mail were 47.2% and female were 52.8%. 2. The physical therapy room of public health center was made an introduction in 1980 and has since been opened. in 100 places. 3. 100 physical therapist (81.3%) were aware the impotance of orthopaedic physical therapy. 4. The members of orthopaedic physical therapy academy were 17 people(13.8%) including an associate member. 5. The physical therapist takened a course of orthopaedic education was 37 people (30.1%). 6. The physical therapist wanted that to take part in orthopaedic education were 60 people(48.8%). 7. The physical therapist were required the orthopaedic physical therapist in physical therapy room of public health center were 87 people(70.7%).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 2015

Background: The objective of this study was to compare dysmenorrhea with pelvic alignment, hip joint range of motion about 20's female university students. Sixty two female students participated in this study. To investigate the measure of dysmenorrhea, we used modified menstrual distress questionnaire (MMDQ) and numerric rating scale (NRS). The pelvic alignment was assessed by using the palpation meter. The active range of motion (ROM) were assessed by measuring the flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation and external rotation. Each measurement was assessed by goniometer. The data were analyzed by calculating independent T-test. Consequently, As the increase of dysmenorrhea, we observed significantly the increase of pelvic anterior tilt in right and left pelvic (p<.05). Otherwise, as the increase of dysmenorrhea, range of motion of hip joint was significantly limited in right and left external rotation (p<.05). Thus, this study provides young female with valuable information about dysmenorrhea.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.33-37
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of this study on the effects of deep cervical flexors strengthening exercise to forward head posture and pain of neck in patients with chronic neck pain. Method: We selected 30 subjects among neck pain patients and carried out measurements. The subjects' forward head posture was measured including head tilt angle (HTA), neck flexion angle (NFA) and forward shoulder angle (FSA), neck disability index (NDI), numeric rating scale (NRS). The subjects underwent deep cervical flexors muscle strengthening with pressure bio-feedback device for 4 weeks. Then, after intervention, the subjects' forward head posture was measured again. It was performed Wilcoxon signed-ranks test for confirming the effect of deep cervical flexor muscles strengthening exercise. Results: As a result of comparison of measurements before and after intervention, we found that there were statistically significant improvement in the subjects' NDI, NRS and forward head posture including head tilt angle, neck flexion angle and forward shoulder angle. Conclusion: We concluded that deep cervical flexors strengthening exercise has the effect of alleviation of neck pain patients and is effective for forward head posture.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 2015

Background: A chronic condition that has a fine rupture and inflammation that occurs in the plantar fascia medial calcaneal origin or occur during the rough part is called plantar fasciitis heel pain plantar fasciitis. Using functional taping to fix the subtalar joint were investigated through an experiment for how much the elastic taping effect than applying it to correct by applying the inelastic taping. This study was performed to change the balance and walking ability shown by the groups that do not apply to the application of the functional group taping. Methods: 20 people functional taping group 10 patients, deep friction massage was applied to the group to 10 people. The duration of the experiment were divided into groups going deep friction massage and the month after you apply before applying the functional taping. Results: Analysis showed statistically significant improvement in all time in both groups. All functional taping group and deep friction massage group had no significant difference with respect to balance and walking ability. Conclusion: When you saw the results of this study showed functional taping group is plantar fasciitis is the patients for treatment to mark fasciitis patients than those applying deep friction massage effects that increase is believed to help the symptoms of recovery.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2015

Background: Many people are suffering from neck and shoulder pain due to muscle weakness, muscle fatigue, lack of exercise and accidents during exercise. In this study we compared the effects of McKenzie method and Mulligan technique method. Method: we randomly selected men(10) and women(10) and they are the 20s students of Busan material K college. We divided for McKenzie exercise group and Mulligan exercise group. McKenzie exercise and mulligan exercise applied cervical area three times a week for three weeks. We compared with pre-experiment and after 1~3 week through measuring the electromyography (EMG) change and neck range of motion (ROM). Results: The changes in the EMG at each exercise group, there was a statistically significant difference in each week. Although there was a significant difference after 1 week between the exercise group, the changes in the neck ROM at each exercise group there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: After experiment, EMG and neck ROM were increased in McKenzie exercise group and Mulligan exercise group. But Mulligan exercise group showed the change better than McKenzie exercise group in early stage. We suggest the Mulligan exercise method for recovering in early stage of neck ROM.