• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.246-247
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• 2023

국제해상인명안전(SOLAS)협약의 제5장 제 23 규칙은 도선사 이용 가능성이 있는 항로 항해 선박의 도선사용 승하선 설비를 설치할 것을 의무적으로 규정하고 있으며, 우리나라의 도선법 제25조에서도 선장은 도선사가 안전하게 승하선할 수 있도록 승하선 설비를 제공하는 등의 필요한 조치를 해야 하는 의무규정을 두고 있으나 감천항에 입출항하는 어선들을 비롯한 많은 선박들이 안전한 승하선 설비를 제공하지 않아 도선사들의 낙상사고와 위험 상황이 빈번히 발생하고 있어 도선사의 안전한 승하선을 위한 대책을 마련하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.76-76
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• 2019

도선사는 항만선박운항 안전과 효율적인 항만운영을 위해 유지되어야 하는 중요한 인적요소이다. 그러나 최근 개정된 도선법에 따른 예상되는 도선사 시험응시연령의 저하와 국가필수도선사제도 도입으로 인한 정년연장 현상 등의 직접적인 환경변화가 이루어지고 있다. 또한 계속되는 해운 및 항만환경의 변화인 선박의 대형화와 항만물동량 변화 등은 우리나라 도선사 수요에 직간접적이니 영향으로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 도선환경 변화에 따른 우리나라 도선사 수요의 산정과 각 도선구별 적정 도선사의 분배방안을 제시 하고자 한다. 우선 문헌조사 및 선행연구의 분석을 통하여, 1996년 이후 우리나라 해양수산부에서 시행해오고 있는 수급계획 수립과 이에 따른 도선사 수 지정방식에서 도선운영협의제도로 변환한 과정과 문제점 등을 도출하고자 한다. 그리고 선행연구에서 도입해 수요예측 산정방식의 장단점과 문제점을 분석하여, 수요예측 개선방안을 도출하였다. 마지막으로 기존 수요예측 방식의 개선방안으로 시계열 자료를 이용한 시계열분석법을 도입하여, 향후 5년간의 적정 도선사 수요를 예측하였다.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.117-130
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• 2015

A least squares method for adjusting the horizontal network satisfies the conditions which is minimizing the sum of the squares of errors based on probability theory. This research compared accuracy of 3rd cadastral control points adjusted by traditional and least square method with respect to the result of Network-RTK. Test results showed the least square method more evenly distribute closure error than traditional method. Mean errors of least square and traditional adjusting method are 2.7cm, 2.2cm respectively. In addition, blunder in angle observations can be detected by comparing position errors which calculated by forward and backward initial coordinates. However, distance blunder cannot offer specific observation line occurred mistake because distance error propagates several observation lines which have similar directions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.131-133
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• 2014

본 연구는 도선사의 근무 연한이 도선의 안전성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 도선사의 근무 연한에 영향을 주는 요인에 대해 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 우선, 지난 10년간 도선사의 진입연령 추이를 통해 해마다 약 0.3년씩 신규 도선사의 고령화가 진행되고 근무 연한 또한 줄어들고 있음을 확인하였다. 둘째, 도선사의 근무 연한이 짧아져서 전문 인력의 활용도가 떨어지고 도선의 안전성에도 악영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 도선사의 근무 연한에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 요인인 도선사 면허시험 응시요건과 승무경력가산점 그리고 도선사의 정년에 대하여 상세히 분석하였다. 따라서 도선사의 근무 연한에 영향을 미치는 이러한 요인들에 대하여 정책적으로 개선한다면 도선의 안전성을 향상시키고 나아가 아름다운 우리나라의 항만을 깨끗하고 안전하게 지킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.341-349
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• 2023

Gamcheon Port, which is one of three major harbors in the Port of Busan, is being operated to load, discharge and transport a wide range of cargoes, including general cargo, fisheries, steel products, cement, etc,. The harbor, designated as a compulsory pilotage area, provides pilotage services in compliance with relevant laws and regulations for arrival and departure of vessels in the Gamcheon Port area. Some academic research on the marine traffic environment in Gamcheon Port has been conducted. However, the pilotage environment and hazards to pilotage safety in the port have yet to be studied. Therefore, in this research, the pilotage environment and hazards to pilotage safety were identified, and it was confirmed that there are hazards to pilotage safety, such as vessels installed poor facilities including damaged pilot boarding arrangements, vessels blocking pilot's view by her structures and fishing nets, vessels unable to communicate in English, vessels not following VTS's order. The hazards to pilotage safety were also stratified, and the importance of the hazards was verified in accordance with a survey based on Analytic Hierachy P rocess(AHP) for Busan Harbor pilots, and safety measures to secure pilotage safety were examined to secure the safety of vessels calling Gamcheon Port.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2022

A person who intends to become a maritime pilot shall have sea experience as a master, pass the apprentice pilot test and pilot test, and obtain a license from the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries. In Korea, the government limits the number of pilot licenses, considering the demand for pilotage. An inherent problem exist in the apprentice pilot test system as it conducts a relative evaluation based on test scores without an absolute evaluation standard. The purpose of this study is to identify problems of the current pilot test system and to suggest ways to improve the pilot certification system. In this study, the history of amendments of the pilot certification system in the Pilotage Act was investigated, and implications were derived by examining international standards for pilot certification, and a survey was conducted on 77 incumbent pilots. Consequently, a plan to improve the domestic apprentice pilot test and a step-by-step implementation plan for pilot certification system improvement were presented. The results of this study are expected to be utilized not only for the development of the government policy on pilot certification and for related academic basic data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.791-799
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• 2022

Among excursion and ferry boats, small boats with a length of less than 12 m are exempted from the stability standard according to the ship safety act. The boarding capacity of these small excursion and ferry boats is calculated by the seating area according to the excursion ship and ferry business act. Many excursion and ferry boats have installed deck structures such as awnings after launching. Therefore, this study attempted to analyze the cause of the accident by estimating the stability based on the case of an actual ferry boat capsizing accident. The analysis results indicated that passengers stood up to disembark at the same time while the boarding capacity was exceeded. However, even if the ferry boat complied with the boarding capacity, a possibility of capsize existed if the passengers on one side of the boat stood up. Therefore, the following were suggested to improve the safety: calculating the boarding capacity using the stability test and recommending the maximum total weight for the boarding capacity.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to propose appropriate requirements to obtain a pilot's license in order to improve the safety of pilotage related to a survey of experts involved with pilotage. The survey has been conducted by experts from stakeholders in various fields. To suggest requirements for the license, a hypothesis test has been conducted. It turns out that onboard experience with higher gross tonnage is eligible for pilot. Secondly, it is required to have onboard experience of more than one year as a captain, within 5 years from the date that the individual takes the pilot's written test, with 5 years onboard experience as a captain. Lastly, if personality and aptitude tests are added to the requirements to obtain a pilot's license, the safety of pilotage will increase rapidly.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.120-127
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• 2023

Maritime pilots are always exposed to unpredictable risks present in the marine environment because they are boarding ships through pilot ladders or accommodation ladders at sea. Since the pilot plays an important role in securing the safety of a ship entering or departing from a port, an injury to the pilot substantially affects the overall safety of the ship. The purpose of this study is to analyze pilot injuries and predict accidents. For this purpose, pilot injury cases are analyzed and potential situations are identified through a survey. Pilot injuries are also predicted. The survey was analyzed using the IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) methodology, and the binomial distribution and Poisson distribution were used to predict injury trends. As a result of the study, 316.8 nearmiss occurred per pilot injury, and if the current accident management system is maintained, the probability of pilot injury occurring within 3 months is 64.4%. Based on the research results, the need for a management system to prevent pilot injuries and reinforcement of maintenance and installation for pilot ladders was suggested.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.300-306
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• 1997

The effective resolution of the direct current potential drop (DCPD) method for crack length determination is strongly affected by a number of factors including wire locations and calibration method. In the present study, the effects of wire locations, thermal EMF and reference probe locations on the accuracy of calibration methods, including Hicks-Pickard equation and Johnson's equation, were examined with the CT specimens which were nine times larger than the standard specimen. In light of experimental results, it was found that Hicks-Pickard equation can accurately represent the a/W-V/Vo relationship when current input wire is located at the load line. It was also found that the accuracy of DCPD method can be greatly improved with the thermal EMF calibration and the use of Vo value at a/W = 0.241. The use of reference potential was found to be impractical when current input wire is located at the load line.