• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.81-109
• /
• 2005

According to many recent studies suggesting that cash flow analysis method tends to be more effective than traditional financial index analysis method to predict corporate bankruptcy, this study applies the cash flow analysis method to hospital business to identify the significant variables which can distinguish between superior hospitals and bankruptcy hospitals. The author analyzed recent 3 years, i.e. from the year of 2000 to the year of 2002, financial statements of 31 bankrupt hospitals In 2003, and the same number of superior hospitals through using Multiple Discriminant Analysis and Logit Analysis. The results are belows; First, the study releases that Logit Analysis is more likely to be effective than Multiple Discriminant Analysis. Second, this research also shows that traditional financial index analysis method is more superior compare to cash flow analysis method for hospital bankruptcy predict model. Finally, this study suggest that the significant variables, which can distinguish superior hospitals from bankrupt hospitals, are Operating/Current Liabilities$(Y_2)$, CFO/Equity$(Y_5)$ for cash flow analysis method and Net Worth to Total Assets Ratio$(X_1)$, Quick Ratio $(X_3)$, Return on Assets$(X_6)$, Growth Rate of Patient Revenues$(X_{16})$ for traditional financial index analysis method.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.509-538
• /
• 1995

Twenty-one speices of the terrestrial isopods are recorded from Cheju Island and Chja Island, Korea. Quepartoniscus tuberculatus, n. gen., n.sp., is described. The genus Koshiniscus Nunomura is considered to be a junior synonym of Armadilloniscus Uljanin, Armadilloniscus hoshikawai Nunomura and A. amakusaensis Nunomura of A. ellipticus, Mongloiscus nipponicus (Arcangeli) of M. vannamei(Arcangeli), Nagurus tsushimaensis Nunomura, N. pallidus Nunomura, and Mongoloniscus nigrogranulatus Kwon and Tatiti of M. koreanus (Verhoeff). Nagurus sinuosus Nunomura is transferred to Lucasioides Kwon , Protracheoniscus pannuosus Nunomura (of which P.awaensis Nunomura, Nagurus gotoensis Nunomura, and N. izuharaensis Nunomura are synonyms ) to Agnara Budde-Lund, and Armadillo obscurus Budde-Lind to Venezillo Verhoeff. Several poorly known species are redescribed and illustrated.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.22-36
• /
• 2001

The hospital bankruptcy rate is increasing, therefore it is very important to predict the bankruptcy using the existing hospital management information. The hospital bankruptcy is often measured in year intervals, called grouped duration data, not by the continuous time elapsed to the bankruptcy. This study introduces a hierarchical generalized linear model(HGLM) for analysis of hospital bankruptcy data. The hazard function for each hospital may be influenced by unobservable latent variables, and these unknown variables are usually termed as random effects or frailties which explain correlations among repeated measures of the same hospital and describe individual heterogeneities of hospitals. Practically, the data of twenty bankrupt and sixty profitable hospitals were collected for five years, and were fitted to HGLM. The results were compared with those of the logit model. While the logit model resulted only in the effects of explanatory variables on the bankruptcy status at specific period, the HGLM showed variables with significant effects over all observed years. It is concluded that the HGLM with a fixed ratio and a period of total asset turnrounds was justified, and could find significant within and between hospital variations.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.19-36
• /
• 2006

This study aims to examine the influence of growth rate, profitability and current ratio, which are confronted with static trade-off theory and pecking order theory, on capital structure of superior hospital and bankrupt hospital. Firstly, superior hospitals show positive correlation between growth rate and short-term loans, long-term loans, and short-term liabilities while bankrupt hospitals represent negative correlation. Superiority hospital and bankruptcy hospital show different financing behaviors, especially, short-term loan is the significant characteristic that discriminates between superior hospital and bankrupt hospital. Secondly, this paper studied the correlation between profitability and short-term loan, which the superior hospitals shows negative correlation, to contrast, bankrupt hospital have positive correlation. Consequently, the short-term loan is the most distinguishable factor between the superior hospital and bankrupt hospitals in terms of profitability. To conclude, this study shows that excess short-term loans can be the most important cause for hospital's bankrupt. Accordingly, strategic and effective policy about the short-term loan will be required in order to protect hospital's bankrupt.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.81-119
• /
• 1994

은행과 고객기업의 장기적인 결속관계(結束關係)는 부작용이 없는 것은 아니지만 효율적인 정보관리(情報管理) 및 감시(監視), 도산위기시의 구제노력(救濟努力)등을 통해 기업의 자본조달비용(資本調達費用)을 낮추고 투자(投資)를 촉진하는 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 우리나라에서는 여신관리(與信管理), 정책금융(政策金融)등 지나친 금융규제(金融規制)로 인하여 은행-기업간 자생적(自生的) 협조적(協調的)인 결속관계를 발전시켜 오지 못하였는바, 이를 시정함과 동시에 회수가능한 은행부실채권(銀行不實債權)의 주식전환(株式轉換), 주주협의회(株主協議會)의 운영 등도 검토해 볼 수 있을 것이다. 은행-기업간 주식상호보유(株式相互保有)를 통한 결속관계의 유도는 현재로서는 문제가 많지만, 중장기적으로 금융자율화(金融自律化), 산업부문에서의 대내외경쟁(對內外競爭)의 심화, 기업소유분산(企業所有分散) 등이 진전되는 상황에서는 부작용(副作用)이 크게 완화될 수 있을 것이다. 향후에 예상되는 기업환경(企業環境)의 변화를 감안할 때 은행-기업관계는 기업의 규모(規模)나 신용도(信用度)에 따라 상이한 모습을 보일 전망이다. 은행차입의존(銀行借入依存)이 크게 낮아질 초우량기업(超優良企業)은 국제금융 증권관련업무 등을 위주로 몇 개의 은행과 동시에 경쟁적(競爭的)인 관계를 유지해 가는 반면, 신용이 양호(良好)한 대기업(大企業)과 유망중견기업(有望中堅企業)은 은행과의 전통적(傳統的)인 결속관계(結束關係)를 가장 긴밀히 발전시켜 갈 것이다. 은행은 중소기업(中小企業)과도 고객관계를 심화시켜 갈 것이나, 이를 기업의 회계(會計) 등 경영투명성(經營透明性)의 결여(缺如)는 장기적인 결속관계를 형성해 가는 데 제약(制約)으로 남을 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.110-114
• /
• 1999

The present study was conducted to investigate the preparative methods of agarose for gel electrophoresis from agar. Naturally occuring agar consists of two main polysaccharides, the neutral polysaccharide agarose and the acid sulphated polysaccharide agaropectin. The sulphate and carboxyl functions of the agar are accumulated in the agaropectin. The hydrophilic, non-ionogenic, rigid and transparent gel matrix of the agarose was found to be suitable for gel electrophoresis gel filtration and affinity chromatography. Agar was purified by chitosan treatment, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) treatment, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. Yields of agarose purified from agar with chitosan, CPC and PEG were 56.7%, 55.6% and 62.3%. It was proper to treat with chitosan in preparative methods of agarose for gel electrophoresis from agar.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.7
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 1982

The objective of this study is review effective business reorganization measures for tackling financial difficulties for financial managers. The major cause of business failure is incompetent management. Business failure occurs when a company is unable to meet its current obligations, or the net worth of the company is negative : usually the signs of business failure are predictable in advance of its actual accurrence. Discriminant analysis as well as other analytical tools - profile analysis, dichotomous analysis, analysis of likelihood ratios - have been used to predict business failure on the basis of various financial ratios , among those, discriminant analysis has been tell known an excellent technique in predicting business failure. The first question to be raised is whether the business is better off, dead or alive. Assuming the decision is made that the firm should survive, reorganization procedure should be considered. The informal procedures of voluntary settlements used in reorganization are extension : composition and liquidation by voluntary agreement. Unless this settlement is possible by those means, the case goes to the courts for 1ega1 solution. If the court decides on reorganization rather than liquidation, it will appoint a trustee to control the firm for reorganization and to prepare a formal plan of reorganization. the plan must meet the stand of fair, equitable and feasible. In that case, the court will approve the plan.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.92.2-92.2
• /
• 2012

조선(朝鮮)의 혼상(渾象)은 세종대(世宗代, 1418~1450)에 처음 제작되었다. 그 후 중종대(中宗代, 1506~1544)와 명종대(明宗代, 1545~1567)에 이를 보수를 하고, 선조대(宣祖代, 1567~1608)에 중수되었으나 현존하지 않고 있다. 민간에서 제작한 혼상은 16세기에 만든 도산서원의 혼상 유물이 유일한 것이다. 그 후 18세기에 만들어진 홍대용(洪大容, 1731~1783)의 혼상의(渾象儀)는 문헌으로만 전해지고 있다. 17세기 이전에 만들어진 혼상은 구법(舊法) 천문도에 의해 만들어졌지만, 17세기 이후에는 서양 과학의 유입으로 신법(新法)의 별자리를 사용하고 있다. 중국과 일본의 현존하는 혼상 유물 중에는 신법 별자리로 표기되어 있으며, 조선 후기 조선의 유물 가운데 평혼의(平渾儀) 유물은 신법의 별자리를 활용하고 있다. 최근 국내에서 복원한 혼상들은 구법 천문도로 제작되어왔다. 이 연구에서는 1861년 남병길(南秉吉, 1820~1869)이 저술한 조선의 신법을 대표할 수 있는 성표(星表)인 "성경(星鏡)"의 별자리를 활용하여 혼상을 제작하였다. 혼상구(渾象球)에는 적도좌표(赤道座標)와 황도좌표(黃道座標)를 함께 표기한 경선(經線)과 위선(緯線)을 각각 $30^{\circ}$ 간격으로 표기하였다. 또한 적도환(赤道環)에는 12궁(宮)을 표기하였고, 황도환(黃道環)에는 $15^{\circ}$ 간격으로 24기(氣)를 표기하였다. 별을 표기할 때 성경에 제시한 밝기와 같이 6등급으로 나누어 별의 크기를 제작하였다. 남병길의 "성경" 별자리를 활용한 혼상 제작으로 신법 별자리의 천상(天象)에 대한 이해와 연구 모델로 활용할 수 있게 되었다.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.186-190
• /
• 2010

The chromosome number was identified and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) mapping of 5S and 45S rDNAs were conducted for C. minima and C. lanceolata in the genus Codonopsis from Jeju island. In this study, we have confirmed that the somatic metaphase chromosome number determined as 2n=2x=16 was the same as the findings from the previous studies. While the conventional staining method makes it rather difficult to distinguish satellite chromosomes due to high degree of variability, FISH analysis produced the exact number and location of 5S and 45S rDNAs. Both species in the genus Codonopsis have a pair of 5S rDNA and their gene loci were observed on chromosome 3. Although two pairs of 45S rDNAs (one on chromosome 1 and the other on chromosome 8) were identified in both species, the 45S rDNA signals on chromosome 8 in C. minima were significantly weaker than those on chromosome 1. In addition, the 45S rDNA signals on chromosome 1 in C. lanceolata showed that the chromosome is non-homologus. In this study, we have determined cytogenetic characteristics of C. minima and C. lanceolata according to their gene replication patterns.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.342-347
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to examine the distribution and habitat of Bibarl snake (Sibynophis Collaris) from March 1998 to June 2005 in Jeju island, Korea. 5 individuals of Bibari snake were observed on northern part of JeJu, 1 individual on southern area and 2 individuals on western area during research period. As a result, it was revealed that Bibari snake was found on the whole of Jeju island. Its observation was made from May to October, especially frequent from May to July. The body length of adult Bibari snakes were $406{\~}452mm$ and its tail length $29+{\~}202mm. Considering of number and shape of supralabials and number of temporals, the characters of Bibari snake were similar to those of S. chinensis. Therefore it seems need to reconstruct taxonomic position of Bibari snake. From a vertical viewpoint of Mt. Halla, Biabri snake prefers to stay on the grassland 600m below the sea. Consequently, it Is suggested that grassland be well-reserved for the protection of Bibari snakes.