• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5D
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• pp.813-819
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• 2006

Skid Resistance is a index to represent the friction between tire and road surface, which influences driving safety. Skid resistance varies with the conditions of tire, abrasion of road surface, vehicle speed, drying, wet and freezing condition of road surfaces. Especially, freezing occurs when temperature drops below $0^{\circ}C$ followed by snow or rain causes decrease of skid resistance. To recover the decreased skid resistance deicing work is applied. As a results of deicing works, freezing condition is changed into wet condition. However the wet road surfaces containing the remaining deicings agents may not show the skid resistance of normal wet condition. In this study, skid resistances in the condition of freezing, deicing process and deicing agents remained after snow-removal are evaluated. The test results, skid resistance recover quickly when Pre-wetted salt spreading and NaCl was used as deicing method. Skid resistance of Deicing agents remained on the road surface showed that concrete is higher than asphalt. superior effect. Recovery rate of skid resistance by comparison wet condition is 54~80%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.127-128
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• 2017

최근에는 발생되고 있는 염화물계 제설제의 도로 손상, 차량 부식 및 미끄럼으로 인한 교통사고 문제를 해결하기 위해 친환경 제설제의 사용이 권장되고 있다. 그러나, 현재 수행되고 있는 친환경 제설제의 성능 시험 방법은 실내에서 얼음을 이용하여 실시되고 있으나, 실제 현장 성능과의 상관 관계가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 현재 수행되고 있는 제설제 성능평가 방법을 소개하고 국내 실정에 부합하는 제설제의 성능 검증을 위한 현장 시험 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 2021

The increasing use of deicing salts has caused various environmental problems, including crop damage along the motorway where deicing salts are sprayed during winter. Deicing salts used on roads have been reported to negatively affect crops, but little information is known about their impact on crops. A seedling emergence assay was conducted to evaluate the effects of deicing salts on crops using oilseed rape (Brassica napus) as a model plant. We tested five chloride deicing salts consisting of NaCl, CaCl2, or MgCl2 and 1 non-chloride deicing salt (SM-3) at a range of concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mM), and untreated control. Regardless of deicing salts, they significantly delayed and reduced seedling emergence of oilseed rape with increasing salt concentration. Non-linear regression analysis of seedling emergence with a range of salt concentrations by fitting to the log-logistic model revealed that the chloride deicing salts reduced seedling emergence more than the non-chloride deicing salt SM-3. The GR50 value, the concentration causing 50% seedling emergence, of SM-3 was 47.1 mM, while those of the chloride deicing salts ranged from 30.7 mM (PC-10) to 37.5 mM (ES-1), showing approximately 10 mM difference between non-chloride and chloride deicing salts. Our findings suggest that seedling emergence assay is a useful tool to estimate the potential damage caused by deicing salts on crops.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.15-23
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• 2004

Deicer operations provide traffic safety during winter driving conditions in urban areas. Using large quantities of de-icing chemicals (i.e., $CaCl_2$ and NaCl) can cause serious environmental problems and may change behaviors of heavy metals in roadside sediments, resulting in an increase in mobilization of heavy metals due to complexation of heavy metals with chloride ions. To examine effect of de-icing salt concentration on the leaching behaviors and mobility of heavy metals (cadmium, zinc, copper, lead, arsenic, nickel, chromium, cobalt, manganese, and iron), leaching experiments were conducted on roadside sediments collected from Seoul city using de-icing salt solutions having various concentrations (0.01-5.0M). Results indicate that zinc, copper, and manganese in roadside sediments were easily mobilized, whereas chromium and cobalt remain strongly fixed. The zinc, copper and manganese concentrations measured in the leaching experiments were relatively high. De-icing salts can cause a decrease in partitioning between adsorbed (or precipitated) and dissolved metals, resulting in an increase in concentrations of dissolved metals in salt laden snowmelt. As a result, run-off water quality can be degraded. The de-icing salt applied on the road surface also lead to infiltration and contamination of heavy metal to groundwater.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.15-26
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• 2008

Recently, various damages such as corrosion of rebar, scaling on concrete pavement and environmental deteriorations caused by using the chloride-containing deicer have been reported. To solve these problems, several substitute deicers have been developed by other researchers. However, studies on evaluation of performance for the developed deicers have been limited in the basic laboratory testing. It is necessary to establish the resonable and systematic test procedure for evaluating the deicing performance. In this study, rational and practical test methods were set up through literature review and deicing performance of Eco-Friendly Deicer(EFD), which is a kind of low chloride-containing deicer developed by our research group, was evaluated by the presented test methods. As results of the laboratory tests, initial deicing performance of EFD was similar with that of Pre-Wetted Salt(PWS) which has been used in highway deicing and it was verified by executed field tests in twice that EFD had passable deicing performance compare with PWS.

• 한국도로학회지:도로
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.23-28
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• 2014

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.47-52
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• 2008

Deicer has been generally used for prevention of a road freezing in winter, and the usage amount is increasing every year. However, deicer may induce the decrease of bond strength, surface scaling, and environmental pollution. In this study, the field test was performed to investigate the deterioration of concrete road structures used for 17 years. And, the corrosion resistance characteristics were compared for the existing deicer and eco-friendly deicer. According to the field test results, the penetration depth of limit chloride amount was about 40mm, and the average concentration of chloride was $3.45kg/m^3$ at the surface of structures. On the contrary, the carbonation depth was slight. The penetration depth of eco-friendly deicer was less than the existing deicer, and the corrosion resistance of eco-friendly deicer was higher.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 2008

This study was estimated on performance of deicers, corrosion inhibitors and low corrodible deicer used for removal of snow or ice on the road and on influence on structure. The weight loss rate after freezing and thawing of low corrodible deicer is lower than one of deicer, corrosion inhibitors and these combination. Relative dynamic elastic modulus of all except water, low corrodible deicer and NaCl+JF-1004 was radically reduced after freezing and thawing 150 cycles. And concretes after freezing and thawing were showed severe surface damage. It was found that individual use of low corrodible deicer and corrosion inhibitors had a problem of field application because of lack of early ice melting effect and considerably low durability. Products combined with NaCl was showed rapid weight loss by metal corrosion. Therefore, It will need to circumspectly select combination of deicers having low effect on concrete pavement and bridge if possible.

• 한국도로학회지:도로
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.24-29
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• 2011

• 한국도로학회지:도로
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.51-54
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• 2010