• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2001

해중림(kelp forest)은 천해역의 대형 해조류에 의한 군락을 가르키는 용어로 해조장, 해조숲, 해조밭 등으로도 불리어지고 있다. 해중림 구성종인 대형 갈조류의 모자반류, 다시마류 및 대황ㆍ감태류는 조하대 수심 2∼3m에서 20m정도의 암초대에 큰 군락을 형성하여 번무하는 경향이 많다. 이 처럼 대형식물이 밀생한 해중림에는 어류가 모여 산란장 및 유치어의 보육장이 되고 있고, 전복, 소라 등의 패류자원에 먹이를 제공함은 물론 연안 수질환경 개선에도 일익을 담당하고 있다(횡빈, 1985). (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2009

A total of 3 epiphytic macroalgae were collected from eelgrass bed in Jindong Bay, and Scytosiphon lomentaria and Colpomenia sp. in Phaephyta, Gracilaria sp. in Rhodophyta occurred during study periods. For epiphytic microalgae (diatoms), Cocconeis scutellum and Cocconeis placentula were common species. Seasonal variations of epiphytic algal biomass were marked: the higher epiphytic macroalgae was 3.3 g $DW/m^2$ in November 2003; whereas epiphytic diatoms were 43,153 $cells/m^2$ in June 2003. Diversity and number of epiphytic macroalgae species were the lowest in the study area, compared with those of in other areas such as Koongyang Bay, Dongdae Bay, and Aenggang Bay. These results were therefore likely due to the severe physical characteristics of the intertidal mudflat eelgrass biological characteristics, and the deterioration of water quality.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.502-506
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• 2005

2003년 11월과 2004년 4월의 2회에 걸쳐 상용조류발전소 건설 예정지인 울돌목에서 발전소 건설로 인해 야기될 주변생태환경의 변화를 파악하기 위해 4개 지점의 주변 암반조간대에 형성된 기존의 부착생물상 조사가 수행됐다. 울돌목 주변의 암반조간대에 형성된 부착생물상은 서식 형태에 따라 크게 대형해조류(Macroalgae)를 포함한 고착생물, 소 이동성 부착동물, 이동성 소형 무척추동물 등으로 구분된다 부착생물상은 서식양상에 있어 각각의 정점별 특이성이 관찰되었으며, 이는 각기 다른 비생물학적 요인에 따라 지역 특유의 서식환경이 조성되어 있음을 시사하는 간접적인 결과로 간주된다. 이같은 지역 간 생물상 차이는 조위에 따른 수직분포 분석결과 주로 중부조간대를 중심으로 형성된 생물상에 따라 대별되고 있음이 발견되었다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

Numerous observations revealed strong evidence of increased middle ultraviolet radiation or UV-B (280 ~ 320 nm) at the earth's surface resulting from stratospheric ozone depletion. UV is the waveband of electromagnetic radiation which is strongly absorbed by nucleic acids and proteins, thus causing damage to living systems. It has been recorded in the East Sea, Korea that solar UV-B impinging on the ocean surface penetrates seawater to significant depths. Recent researches showed that exposure to UV-B for as short as 2h at the ambient level (2.0 Wm$^{-2}$) decreased macroalgal growth and photosynthesis and destroyed photosynthetic pigments. These may suggest that UV-B could be an important environmental factor to determine algal survival and distribution. Some adaptive mechanisms to protect macroalgae from UV-damage have been found, which include photoreactivation and formation of UV-absorbing pigments. Post-illumination of visible light mitigated UV-induced damage in laminarian young sporophytes with blue the most effective waveband. The existence of UV-B absorbing pigments has been recognized in the green alga, Ulva pertusa and the red alga, Pachymeniopsis sp., which is likely to exert protective function for photosynthetic pigments inside the thalli from UV-damage. Further studies are however needed to confirm that these mechanisms are of general occurrence in seaweeds. Macroalgae together with phytoplankton are the primary producers to incorporate about 100 Gt of carbons per year, and provide half of the total biomass on the earth. UV-driven reduction in macroalgal biomass, if any, would therefore cause deleterious effects on marine ecosystem. The ultimate impacts of increasing UV-B flux due to ozone destruction are still unknown, but the impression from UV studies made so far seems to highlight the importance of setting up long-term monitoring system for us to be able to predict and detect the onset of large -scale deterioration in aquatic ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 2023

In this study, we examined the effects of a large wildfire in the coastal area of Uljin-gun. The analysis of water quality and the dominant species, species composition, and community structure of marine algal was conducted quarterly in 2022 at Nagok (F-1), Hujeong (F-2), Bongpyeong (F-3), and Gongse Port (F-C) in Uljin-gun. As a result of water quality analysis, the pH, a factor of wildfire impact was 8.07~8.30 and 8.12~8.48 in surface and bottom layers, respectively, which are normal values in coastal waters of the East Sea, suggesting no direct impact from wildfires. By marine algal species composition, the coastal areas show the following order: Rhodophyta (58.1%) > Ochrophyta (25.8%) > Chlorophyta (14.5%) > Magnoliophyta (1.6%). By season, Undaria pinnatifida was the most dominant at Nagok and Hujeong in March and June, which in September and November, Gelidium elegans and Lithophyllum sp. were the most dominant in Bongpyeong and Gongse Port, respectively. In the cluster analysis, the stations were divided into two groups according to presence and absence of specific marine algal by season. The dominant species were U. pinnatifida, G. elegans and D. divaricata in group A, and Lithophyllum sp. was mainly present in group B. Thus, the species composition and group structure reflected the normal seasonal change pattern with water temperature variation and showed little significant difference from the control site, suggesting no direct effects of the wildfire on algae distribution in Uljin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.212-219
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate marine algal community characteristics and the status of barren ground in the summer at study sites on Jeju Island, Korea. Sampling was carried out from July to September 2017 using a qualitative and quantitative survey (including coverage of non-geniculated coralline algae and density of grazer) by scuba diving. A total of 121 species were identified, including 11 (9.1 %) green algae, 24 (19.8 %) brown algae, and 86 (71.1 %) red algae. Hyeongjeseom had the greatest diversity, with 60 species, and Harye the least, with 18 species. The mean biomass at the study sites was $1,503.0g{\cdot}m^{-2}$, while the mean for the neighboring islets ($3,268.7g{\cdot}m^{-2}$) was higher than that of the main island ($914.7g{\cdot}m^{-2}$). Also, dominant species was identified: Sargassum macrocarpum at the neighboring islets, and Ecklonia cava at the main island, with differences showing not only in biomass but also species composition. In conclusion, the marine algal community status in summer at the study sites was evaluated based on the algal community characteristics (species composition, biomass, biomass ratio of kelp species), coverage of non-geniculated coralline algae, and density of grazer. As a result, both Hyeongjeseom and Marado require preservation and management to maintain their excellent marine algal communities, and other sites on the main island require the creation and/or restoration of marine algal communities. In addition, as the generation of barren ground accelerates, it is urgent not only to grasp existing monitoring research but also to identify the status of the marine algal community where it is not known at present.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 2021

We investigated the distribution characteristics of mussels (Mytilus coruscus) growing in the Geomundo sea area by water depth. The research was also conducted to identify the surrounding benthic organisms. Mussels showed high density and low obesity in low water depths. The lower the density, the higher the obesity level appeared in deeper water. The morphological characteristics also appeared to increase as the water depth deepened. In addition, the shell length and total weight were more strongly correlated at a depth of 12 m than at 2 m. The total weight by the growth of the shell length and shell height was affected by the water depth. The analysis showed that the density and biomass of the algae inhabiting the surroundings decreased somewhat as the water depth increased. In benthic animals, the number of mussels tended to decrease slightly at the point where oysters dominated, at a depth of 2 m. Conversely, the number of oysters tended to decrease in deeper water dominated by mussels. Thus, the spatial competition between oysters and mussels was affected by the water depth. Also, mussels did not appear in areas where large algae flourished, suggesting that the survival of mussels was affected by the presence or absence of large algae.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.447-453
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• 2019

In this study, the contamination of 4 types of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury) was monitored in 80 seaweeds and their processed products, and a food safety assessment was also carried out for these heavy metals. Lead, cadmium and arsenic were analyzed by ICP-OES and mercury was analyzed by mercury analyzer. The detection ranges of heavy metals were found as follows: Pb (N.D-0.802 mg/kg), Cd (N.D-0.759 mg/kg), As (0.134-17.296 mg/kg), and Hg (0.0005-0.0331 mg/kg). Pb and Hg showed no significant differences among seaweeds whereas Cd and As were significantly higher in the species hizikia fusiforme (P<0.05). Food safety assessment from seaweed intake was measured by PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake), PTMI (Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake), and MADL (Maximum Allowable Daily Body Load) as set by JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). Pb and Hg were 0.197%, 0.036% of PTWI respectively, while Cd was 1.877% of PTMI and As was 0.619% of MADL. Therefore, it was found that heavy metal levels of seaweed were low and was considered to be safe for consumption.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.379-388
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• 1983

The subtidal benthic algal communities of Dolsan-island in the southern coast of Korea were surveyed by means of SCUBA diving. The vertical zonation is recognized into three groups; upper, middle and lower subtidal zones. The representative species in each group throughout the year are Ulva pertusa, Codium fragile, Chondria crassicaulis and Gigartina tenera in the upper, Myagropsis myagroides and Sargassum tortile in the middle, and Plocamium telfairiae, Callophyllis japonica and Symphyocladia linearis in the lower zone. According to the normal association analysis by $2{\times}2$ contingency table and chi-square calculation among 29 quadrats, the algal communities are divided into 9 groups which are dominated by Sargassum tortile, Myagropsis myagroides, Chondria crassicaulis, Codium fragile, Pterocladia tenuis, Gigartina tenera, Gracilaria textorii. The thallus length and standing crops of Myagropsis myagroides show the highest value in spring and the lowest in summer.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.509-512
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• 2006

국내 대형 기력발전단지에서 냉각수로 사용되고 방류되는 해수는 약 150cms로 (100Mwe 당 약 5cms) 약 3,000kW 이상의 수력에너지를 보유하고 있으나, 현재 활용되지 못하고 그대로 해양으로 방류되고 있다. 발전소 방수로는 흐름조건이 비교적 균일하고, 파랑 내습이 없으며 부유사 해조류, 부유물 충돌 등의 문제가 발생하지 않아 자연 해양조건보다 조류력 발전에 매우 유리하나 수심이 낮고, 순환수 계통에의 영향으로 다수의 수차를 설치하기는 어려운 조건을 지니고 있다. 따라서, 인공수로의 균일하고 양호한 흐름조건에 적합한 보다 경제적인 수차를 개발하고, 발전량을 증대하기 위한 수차 배치 기술, 수차 및 발전기 지지구조물의 설계 기술, 계통 연결기술 등을 개발할 필요가 있으며, 이를 위하여 시험용 조류식 발전시스템을 제작하여 수차의 성능 및 전체 발전시스템의 성능을 평가하여 발생되는 문제점을 해결하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 시험용 조류식 발전시스템을 하동화력발전소 방수로에 적용하기 위하여 현장 특성 분석, 형식 선정, 발전량 산정 등의 시스템 설계를 수행하였다.