• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.775-781
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the key factors influencing the life insurance companies's competitiveness. Various performance variables differentiate this paper other existing studies employing a single performance variable. The business activity is divided into two categories, the underwriting activity and the investment activity. Each activity produces two performance, cost and profit performance. This study analyses the factors influencing four performance variables and suggests implications enforcing the life insurance companies' competitiveness based on the analysis. The results of this study are summarized as follows. Firstly, we find a statistically significant correlation between the cost performance in the under-writing activity and other performance variables. However, there in not a statistically significant correlation between the other three performance variables, the cost performance in the investment activity, the profit performance in the under-writing activity. Secondly, it is desirable to increase the selling of protection products for enforcing the competitiveness in respect of the cost performance. Finally, it is needed to increase the ratio of loans for enforcing the competitiveness in the area of the investment activity.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.109-126
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• 2006

An effective customer classification has been essential for the successful customer relationship management. The typical customer rating is carried out by the proportionally allocating the customers into classes in terms of their life time values. However, since this method does not accurately reflect the homogeneity within a class along with the heterogeneity between classes, there would be many problems incurred due to the misclassification. This paper suggests a new method of rating customer using Holistic profit technique, and validates the new method using the customer data provided by an insurance company. Holistic profit is one of the methods used for deciding the cutoff score in screening the loan application. By rating customers using the proposed techniques, insurance companies could effectively perform customer relationship management and diverse marketing activities.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.201-219
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• 2018

This paper suggested a theoretical model, in which a security-based(secured loan, non-secured loan) credit agreement determines the form of corporate cost function through a loaning company's cost minimization in the light of a company which behaves monopolistically in product markets. Also, this paper analyzed the influence of a corporate credit agreement on market equilibrium, and economic welfare in product markets. As a result, it was found that in case a company, whose equity capital is small, implements borrowing based on a secured loan from a financial institution, the company comes to face borrowing restraints, in which the company has no choice but to get a loan within the scope of securities. When a company offers its capital goods, i.e. a production factor, as a security, there occurs a distortion to the production factor input ratio. Meanwhile, when a company comes to get a loan based on an unsecured loan, for which the interest rate is high, marginal cost rises; accordingly, the company comes to choose a credit agreement aiming at maximizing its profits. However, a company's choice of a credit agreement is not quite desirable from a consumer's viewpoint, and from the whole economic point of view; overall, such a choice is likely to aggravate economic welfare.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.109-132
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore tasks for improving performance skills by comparing and analyzing the current status of reading marathon competitions operated in public libraries, and to provide guidelines for institutions to operating of this competition in the future. In order to achieve the research purpose, the competition status information collected in 2021 for five public libraries operating reading marathon competitions from before the COVID-19 pandemic were collected and the contents were compared and analyzed. As a result, the average period for five public libraries running a reading marathon was 10 years, and the average period for each year was 5.87 months. In addition, children had the highest rate of completion, and as compensation for completion, certificates were issued and the number of loans increased the most. However, the competition managers complained of difficulties in securing and increasing applicants and calculating the distance reached, so based on the analysis, they developed tasks to improve the performance of the reading marathon from several different solution suggestions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3D
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• pp.313-321
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• 2010

This study analysed the characteristics of residential mobility according to the household's life-cycle to observe the housing filtering process in Busan. The questionary subjects were adult 40 and over who inhabited in Busan and surveyed residential career about residential mobility. The analysis result of statistical data and result of questionary reveals similar result every articles, the summaries are as follows : Examining housing where the respondent live presently, apartment dominate absolutely high ratio as housing type and owner-occupation as housing tenure type, and housing size is about 30 pyeong, dwelling period is 6 years to 10 years. Saving and loan hold a large majority to make housing capital, that means, they apply housing finance to getting own housing despite it is impossible with present household's income to have owner-occupation of desired housing. This is different custom ours from foreign's that rent a house. However, as aspect of residential satisfaction, most household recognised that quality is improved, because residential mobility expanded housing size and changed tenure type and showed fairly high satisfaction with their present resident.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.135-150
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• 2010

This paper focuses on finding out which covenants are different among the concession agreements of Korean BTO projects and how these influenced IRR(Internal Rate of Return). That is, to figure out the political and economical determinants of IRR by analyzing the concession agreements which are the basic contract of implementing projects. As IRR is an index of profitability, so spread is an indicator of risk to collect debts. That's the reason why the analysis of spread is included. For the empirical analysis, the data of concession agreements for 75 projects and financial models are used. These 75 concession agreements are contracted from 1995 to 2008. The dependent variables are after tax nominal IRR and the spread of long term interest rates of 75 BTO projects. The independent variables are project's proceeding factors, the feasibility variables, the variables related to financial character and the variables related to covenants or the government's policy. The analysis shows that IRR has been influenced by the equity level of financial investors, the national government managed projects, the projects with minimum revenue guarantee (MRG), etc. And the equity level of financial investors, the national government managed projects and the implementation of supplementary project have an effect on spread also.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.181-208
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• 2010

In July 2007, Korean government has passed "The Capital Market and Financial Investment Services Act" to further develop the capital markets and the Act was to become effective in February 2009. Using a large sample of Korean firms, we have examined (i) the effect of underwriting activities on the firm value (bond spread) comparing commercial bank and investment bank, and (ii) the determinants of the firm value changes following underwriting activities of bank. To test our goal, we collected a wide range of samples of data for bond issuing activities executed by Korean firms listed on the Korea Stock Exchange (KSE) between 2000 and 2003. Our paper is distinguished from previous studies on this subject in a way that we analyzed the effect of corporate bond underwriting activities with regard to commercial banking and investment banking. Initially, we set up a hypothesis that "Certification View" and "Conflict-of-interest View" are major driving forces behind cross-firm differences in performance following bond issuance. We find that, in general, underwriting by investment bank (securities company) brings a positive effect on the firm value (spread between bench mark rate and bond issuing rate). This result indicates that firm value has been negatively affected by the bank underwriting and provides the evidence for "Conflict-of-interest View" in Korea. Our studies have also revealed that any change in firm value following bond issuance is positively related with the firm size (total asset), operating performance, liquidity (cashflow), and equity ownership by foreign investors. Overall, our results support the view that bank underwriting activities can play an important role in determining firm value and financial strategies under "The Capital Market and Financial Investment Services Act" of 2007.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.339-360
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to revitalize library service by examining how public and medical libraries provide health and medical information services. For this purpose, we conducted a survey of the two library types, and the results are as follows. First, more than 50% of the questions public librarians were termed "immediate answer" questions, while more than 80% of the questions medical librarians receive take up to a few days' time to answer. Public librarians were more likely to comment on the limitations of their expertise and information resources as compared to the medical librarians. Second, public librarians use mainly medical journals and websites for answering users' requests. However, medical librarians used, in almost the same ratio, all types of information resources represented in the survey questions. Third, when asking about health/medical-related training contents for performing their tasks, public and medical librarians are highly interested in all information about all health-related issues. However, while medical librarians showed high interest in all subject areas, public librarians most preferred well-being related education topics such as Information on diet and nutrition, Information about exercise and fitness, and information on quitting smoking.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.534-549
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• 2012

This study analyzed the effects of housing wealth on the balance accounts of elderly households with an age of over 60 facing the asset decumulation period, capitalizing upon an ordered logit model for the 2011 household finance survey data. Out of some variables representing personal and social characteristics, the age and waged worker variables had a positive effect, but the number of household, low education level, living in the apartment and capital region variables negatively affected the balance accounts of elderly households. Some variables reflecting economic wealth and financial strategies such as the attitude of risk-taking, ordinary income and the ratio of financial assets had a positive impact, but other variables such as DSR did a negative one on the balance accounts of the elderly households. The ownership of housing wealth variable positively, but the ratio of housing assets variable negatively affected the balance accounts of the elderly households, which could be derived from the duality of housing as both consumption goods and assets. However, the ownership of other real estates and the ratio of them in the total assets variables had a negative impact on the balance accounts of the elderly households. Furthermore, since the financial asset-debt ratio worsened the balance accounts of the elderly households with both housing and other real estates, it is implied that the purchase of real estates with excessive bank loans could make them dangerous.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.139-161
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• 2009

This study explored the services of libraries for babies and toddlers and the possibilities of service expansion through Bookstart as a cooperation system for libraries. This study presented the problems of the services of libraries for toddlers by implementing the questionnaire method and the in-depth interviews. In addition, this study showed the impact of carrying-out this program and why libraries should manage the Bookstart program. Results indicated that: (1) even though the membership enrollment standard of children's libraries is usually from babies and toddlers up to the elementary school students, that of a few libraries is still over elementary school students. This will work on restraining the services of libraries for users, especially toddlers, only 54.8% of libraries services are for the toddlers; (2) by analyzing the perception of librarians, we get to know that librarians think that the age of the first use of a library is more appropriate for kindergarten-agers than toddlers; (3) librarians think positively about the Bookstart and that libraries are more suitable for Bookstart than any other institutions; (4) after the introduction of Bookstart to libraries, many changes happened in respect of the function of libraries and the types of users. For examples, there was an expansion of users to babies and toddlers and their parents, an increase in users, focusing on early-childhood reading education and the strengthening of the role of librarians as program planners in particular. This study suggests that the introduction of Bookstart would bring changes to the concept of traditional libraries and the inflexible attitudes of librarians.