• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.7-8
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 IoT 시스템에서 사물간의 자율적 거래를 할 수 있는 블록체인 기반의 지능형 에이전트 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안한 시스템은 블록체인 오픈 플랫폼인 하이퍼렛저 페블릭(Hyperledger Fabric)을 사용하여 구현하였으며, 시스템의 무결성을 입증하였다. 시스템의 유용성을 보이기 위해 서비스의 사례로 무인자판기가 스스로 물류센터에 발주하는 시스템을 구현하였으며, 이를 통해 사람의 판단과 거래를 자율성을 갖은 사물들로 대체될 수 있는 다양한 분야에 활용할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to classify online shopping malls into total transaction amount and transaction amount by product, and compare them to find synchronism. The data used in this study were collected from KOSIS for Food Services, Home Appliances·Electronics·Communication devices, Food & Beverages, House_Goods, Clothing, Computers & Peripheral Devices. The analysis period is a total of 44 monthly data from January 2017 to August 2020. In descriptive statistics, variability is relatively very stable in the case of food service, but is large in the case of clothing. In the correlation analysis, the total transaction amount shows a certain level of correlation with each product. In the analysis of the increase rate, Food Service increased by 1,039%, Home Appliances·Electronics·Communication devices increased by 325%, Food & Beverages increased by 296% and House Goods by 250%, but Clothing decreased slightly to 92.56%. In the Scatter Charts analysis, the distribution of Total transaction amount & House Goods, Total transaction amount & Home Appliances·Electronics·Communication devices is generally upward, showing a high level of synchronization. Due to Corona 19, we will have to continue our efforts to provide speed, stability, convenience and various services in preparation for the increase in transaction volume of online shopping malls.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.365-370
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• 2023

Royalty contributed to the development of the non-fungible token (NFT) ecosystem as a reward system that pays a portion of the sales to the creator whenever transactions occur. This study quantitatively analyzes the impact of the abolition of royalties, which is being expanded by some NFT marketplaces, on the NFT market, and qualitatively analyzes the results of the impact. The analysis results are as follows. First, the number of NFT mints is decreasing by causing creators to leave the NFT market and reducing new entry. Second, major NFT projects have refused to trade with marketplaces that have abolished royalties, leading to a decrease in the number of transactions. Third, the abolition of royalties has undermined the motivation of NFT creators to continue to develop their projects, leading to a drop in NFT floor prices. This study is expected to contribute to reducing the current negative impact in the short term by suggesting how the NFT community provides incentives to owners who voluntarily pay royalties independently of the policy of the NFT marketplace. In addition, it suggests that in the long run, fundamental solutions to the problem of abolishing royalties require improvements in technology related to royalty payments, cooperation between NFT marketplaces and NFT creators, and institutional support related to royalties.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.77-98
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• 2013

China, the world's largest $CO_2$ producer, is likely to be obligated to reduce greenhouse gas emissions under the post-Kyoto protocol. This paper estimates a Shephard input distance function for the Chinese fossil-fueled power generation sector to measure the shadow price of $CO_2$ emissions, technical efficiency, and indirect Morishima elasticities of substitution between inputs. Empirical results show that, on average, it costs approximately 3.2 US dollars per year to reduce $CO_2$ emissions by one ton over the period 1981-2009. This finding indicates that Chinese power sector is expected to benefit from selling emission permits to other countries such as Korea and Japan, given that our estimate for China is lower than the ones previous literatures estimated for the power sector in these countries. The maximum attainable average $CO_2$ reduction potential amounts to approximately 25 million tons per year by improving technical efficiency. Capital is substitutable with both coal and oil and capital is relatively more readily substituted for these fuels.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.69-100
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• 2006

We examine the effect of controlling shareholders ownership structure and related-party transactions(hereafter 'RPT') of publicly traded companies on their firm values during the post-IMF period. In the multivariate regression analysis using control variables such as firm size, capital structure, investment, dividend, profitability and industry dummy that might affect firm values, we find that there exists a significant negative relation between the controlling shareholders ownership structure and firm values proxied by Tobin's Q, and also find that there is a significant negative relation between RPT and the firm values. Those evidences seem to support the controlling shareholders' expropriation hypothesis. Additionally, we investigate the relation between ownership structure and rim value through the piecewise regression analysis. We find a significant 'inverse' U-shape pattern between the controlling shareholders ownership structure and firm values. This result is quite different from the existing literatures that have usually reported an U-shape pattern. In conclusion, the findings in this study do not support the notion that the ownership concentration to the controlling shareholders does negatively affect the firm values monotonically.

• 동물약계
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• no.80
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• pp.3-4
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• 2001

[ $\cdot$ ]가축전염병 예방약 조달계약 관련 자료 제출 $\cdot$동물약품관리 교육훈련 수요조사 $\cdot$가축전염병 예방약 조달계약 관련 협의회 참석 $\cdot$가축질병$\cdot$축산물위생 등 연구과제 제안 $\cdot$동물약사감시 행정처분 결과 홍보 $\cdot$협회 제5차 이사회 개최 $\cdot$2002년도 양허관세적용 유당 배정희망량 제출 $\cdot$병역대체복무를 위한 지정업체 선정 결과 $\cdot$협회 직원 인사 $\cdot$'동물약품 안전사용 방안' 심포지엄 개최 $\cdot$2002년도 상반기 알찬 거래선 선정 $\cdot$염산옥시테트라싸이클린 및 유당 공급 오퍼상 $\cdot$'한국대체수의학연구회'(가칭) 창립 준비

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.309-335
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• 1999

본 연구는 KOSPI 200 선물을 이용하여 옵션복제방식에 의한 포트폴리오 보험전략을 구축하고 KOSPI 200 지수와 KOSPI 200 구성주식의 일부로 이루어지는 개별 포트폴리오들을 대상으로 실증분석을 하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면, 포트폴리오 보험전략의 성과는 헤지의 대상이 되는 현물포트폴리오별, 보험수준별, 재조정 기준별로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. KOSPI 200 지수포트폴리오에 대한 헤지는 대체로 약세시장에서 포트폴리오 가치하락을 감소시키면서 시세상승에 편승할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. KOSPI 200 구성주식의 일부로 이루어진 포트폴리오에 대한 헤지는 수익성이 높고 베타값이 높으면서 시가총액이 큰 제조업이나 전기통신업에 속하는 기업의 주식으로 포트폴리오가 구성되었을 때 대체로 헤지성과가 높았다. 또한 KOSPI 200 지수포트폴리오는 보험수준을 낮게 할수록 헤지성과가 높은 것으로 나타난 반면, KOSPI 200 구성주식의 일부로 이루어진 포트폴리오의 경우에는 보험수준과 헤지성과간의 관계가 일정치가 않았다. 재조정 기준별로는 3% 재조정 기준을 적용하였을 때 헤지성과가 가장 높았으며, 가장 빈번하게 재조정을 해야하는 일별 재조정 기준에 의할 경우는 거래비용이 상대적으로 높았다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.459-479
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• 2013

To assess the feasibility of 'low carbon, sustainable growth' policy pursued of the Chinese government, this paper first measures technical efficiency, $CO_2$ shadow prices, and indirect Morishima elasticity of substitution between capital and energy for 24 of manufacturing sectors in Beijing and Chongqing, in which China launched pilot carbon emissions trading scheme, by estimating the input distance function. Based on these results, then the potential for $CO_2$ reduction, cost savings from emissions trading, and the effectiveness of capital investment in reducing $CO_2$ are compared across industries and provinces. In 2010, manufacturing industries in Beijing and Chongqing could potentially reduce the largest $CO_2$ emissions, amounting 5.2 and 17 million tons, respectively, by achieving 100% technical efficiency. While, on average, Chongqing has a comparative advantage in the cost savings from carbon trading over Beijing, Beijing is more likely to reduce $CO_2$ by expanding capital investment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Information Management Conference
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• 2000.08a
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• pp.181-184
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• 2000

전자상거래의 급격한 성장에 따라 인터넷이라는 광용 네트워크에서 보다 안전한 지불수단을 필요로 하게 되었다. 현재 SSL을 이용한 정보보호 방법과 SET를 이용한 지불 프로토콜이 표준화 및 상용화되어 있다. 그러나 SSL은 신용카드나 직불카드 번호와 같은 중요한 정보들이 사용자의 의지와 상관없이 여러 통로로 노출될 수 있으며 거래 당사자들의 인증수단이 취약하다는 단점이 있다. SET 역시 프로세스들이 복잡하고 비용 등에 부담을 주고 있다. 새로운 대안으로 SSL 기반에 특정한 상황에 SET으로 대체하는 것과 SSL에 인증기능을 강화하는 등의 새로운 연구들이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 SET 프로토콜 기반의 새로운 지불 시스템을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.704-706
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• 2004

The objective of this article is to provide the approach of improving trade system for activating the generation using renewable energy. The power trade system of our country is mandatory market, in which power generators fundamentally are to play. In this paper, several suggestions for power trading system of renewable energy will be showed.