• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.61
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• pp.81-107
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• 2020

This study reviews Bandura's vicarious reinforcement in observational learning process and implies this concept into Christian education in terms of spiritual role modeling. The first part of this study answers three questions: "what is vicarious reinforcement?" "how does vicarious reinforcement take place in observational learning?" and "how does vicarious reinforcement affect observer's behavior change?" Bandura conceptualizes the learning process with observational learning and imitative or non-imitative performance. Based on this concept, Bandura define the roles of vicarious reinforcement in the four steps of observational learning process: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and motivational process. Also, the three effects of vicarious reinforcements are explained in the following categories: the observational learning effect, inhibitory or disinhibitory effects, and eliciting effect. Adapting the structure of observational learning theory in terms of the effect of vicarious reinforcement and the function of role models, the second part of this study examines the biblical concept of imitation of Christ and the modeling strategy of discipleship. Especially Paul's spiritual role model serves as positive vicarious reinforcement for the Christian believers to perform the desired behaviors. Also, Paul's condemnation serves as explicit negative vicarious reinforcement. Then, the last part of this study covers the implication of these findings from observational learning and empirical studies in terms of spiritual role modeling to Christian education.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.643-648
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• 2003

대리 서명 방식은 전자서명 방식의 한 응용분야로써 1996년 Mambo［1］에 의하여 처음으로 제안되었으며, 이후 다양한 특성을 갖는 Schnorr 서명 기반 대리 서명들이［2,3］에서 제안되었다. 특히 B.Lee［3］은 대리 서명키의 오용을 막을 수 있는 강한 대리 서명기법(Strong Proxy Signature Scheme, SPSS)을 제시하였다. 그러나 이 기법에 대하여［6］은 서명위조 공격에 안전하지 않음을 기술하였다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 공격을 피할 수 있도록 방법을 제시하면서 더불어 이를 응용한 대리은닉 서명(proxy blind signature)을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.251-253
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• 2003

권한 위임은 일상에서 흔히 발생하는 사건으로서, 특히, 군대, 기업, 은행 등의 계층 그룹에서는 계층간 권한 위임이 자연스럽고 빈번하게 발생한다. 대리서명(proxy signature)은 서명 권한을 위임받은 대리서명자가 원 서명자를 대신하여 유효한 전자서명을 생성하고 검증할 수 있는 전자서명 프로토콜이다. 계층 구조를 갖는 B2B 전자 거래 및 전자서명의 활용 범위가 다양화됨에 따라 이를 반영하는 보다 안전한 대리서명이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 계층 그룹에서 반복적 권한 위임을 허용하는 새로운 임계 대리서명 프로토콜을 제안한다. 한 명의 대리서명자가 아닌 복수의 대리서명자가 모여 원 서명자를 대신해 하나의 유효한 대리서명을 생성할 수 있게 함으로써, 보다 강화된 안전성을 제공한다. 대리서명 생성을 위한 권한 위임은 위임티켓을 통해 계층 구조의 상위 계층에서 하위 계층으로 이루어지고, 위임받은 대리서명자들 중에서 서명에 참여할 수 없는 대리서명자는 다시 자신의 하위 계층 참가자들에게 개별 위임을 수행할 수 있도록 함으로써, 반복적 권한 위임을 허용한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.945-948
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• 2002

모발 에이전트는 고객을 대신하여 호스트에서 고객의 서명을 대리 수행하도록 하는 기능을 가지고 있다. 이러한 모발 에이전트를 이용한 진자상거래 환경에서 안전성을 강화하기 위한 1회용 대리서명 기법이 제안되어 있다[4]. 그러나, 진자상거래와 같은 환경에서 대부분의 사용자가 신분노출을 꺼려하는 익명성이 제공되지 않는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 무선 환경에서의 계산량과 통신량을 줄이면서 익명성을 제공할 수 있는 안전하고 효율적인 1회용 대리서명 기법을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2012

The consolidants have been widely used for the consolidation of decaying heritage stone surfaces. In this study, X-ray diffraction analysis, polarized and stereo-microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to study the surface characterization of granite, sandstone and marble, and to assess the efficiency and the effects of the developed condolidants in the field. The developed consolidants used in this experiment are 100%1T1G and 3%40nm/97%1T1G. The effects of consolidants are 3%40nm/97%1T1G${\gg}$100%1T1G in granite, 3%40nm/97%1T1G>100%1T1G in sandstone, and 3%40nm/97% 1T1G=100%1T1G in marble. The characteristics of rock surface when treated with consolidants show different result according to consolidantes type. This result of treating with consolidant can be used for the conservation of an decaying heritage stone.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2004

Proxy signature scheme based on delegation of warrant is studied in these days. Proxy signature Is a signature scheme that the original signer delegates his signing warrant to the proxy signer, and the proxy signer creates a signature on behalf of the original signer. For using this scheme, the security for protecting from the forgeability or misuse is necessary. There are several security requirements for using the proxy signature schemes. In this paper we suggest the proxy-register protocol scheme that original signer registers to the verifier about the proxy related information. In our scheme, verifier verifies the signature that original signer creates about the proxy information and sets the warrant of proxy signer, validity period for proxy signature and some limitation. Finally, we will show the advantages of our suggestion by comparing with the previous proxy signature schemes.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.187-194
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• 2017

In this study, marble that consist mainly of calcite were used for applicability evaluation after treated with consolidant such as alkoxysilane series of 0.8T0.2E1G_3wt0.08% and 1T1G_7wt0.08%. The position and intensity of X-ray diffraction peaks are no change and increasing trend after treated with two consolidants. The results of scanning electron microscopic analysis, morphology of rope type and homogeneous surface of platy or leaflike form observed on the marble after treated with 0.8T0.2E1G_3wt0.08% and 1T1G_7wt0.08%, respectively. Brightness of surface after treated with consolidant are changing slightly dark. Shore hardness and ultrasonic velocity values show increasing after treated on the marble surface with two consolidants.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.202-216
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• 2020

In this study, we studied the utility and value of the mileage program as a strategy to strengthen the relationship with customers in the surrogate operation industry. To this end, we conducted a survey of 1,000 customers who used the service more than once, mainly from D company, which has operated the agency operation business for more than 20 years, and analyzed 309 sincerely respondents. Five characteristics of mileage use (emotional benefits, ease of use, economic usefulness, effort to acquire, variety of benefits). Two parameters (brand attitude, brand loyalty) were set, and the dependent variable was set for reuse. As a result of hypothesis test, emotional benefit, convenience of use, and economic usefulness were significant in terms of brand attitude and brand loyalty, and acquisition effort and benefit diversity did not show significant results. The results of this study showed that the surrogate operation industry should strive to strengthen the emotional benefits, convenience of use, and economic usefulness to customers in order to strengthen the relationship with the customers.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.465-472
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• 2004

Proxy signatures is a signature scheme that an original signer delegates one's signature capability to a proxy signer, and then the proxy signer creates a signature on behalf of the original signer. Delegation of authority is a common practice in the real world, in particular, it happens naturally in hierarchical groups such as company, bank and army, etc. In this paper, we propose a new dynamic multi-proxy signature scheme allowing repetitive delegations in a hierarchical group. We adopt multi-proxy signatures to enhance the security of proxy signature. In multi-proxy signatures, plural proxy signers can generate a valid proxy signature collectively on behalf of one original signer. In our scheme, the proxy group is not fixed but constructed dynamically according to some situations. Delegations are processed from higher level to lower level in the hierarchy using delegation tickets. When the original signer wants to delegate one's signature authority, the original signer generates a delegation ticket based on secret sharing and Diffie-Hellman problems. The delegation ticket is shared among proxy signers and then all the proxy signers can generate a valid proxy signature collectively by reconstructing the original signer's delegation ticket. If a certain proxy signer can not attend the proxy signature generating protocol, the proxy signer can also delegate repetitively his partial signature authority to the lower level participants, and then the proxies are constructed dynamically.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.743-756
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• 2009

This paper tries to analyze how the governance institutions of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey overcome agent problems in public agencies based on the Principal-Agent Theory, and find the implications that will be helpful to the governance of port authorities in Korea. The Port Authority's governance is characterized by decentralization of personnel rights, open meetings policy, freedom of information policy, public hearings, and fiscally self-supporting system. Those characteristics are helpful in overcoming the agent problems of public agency, such as adverse selection, moral hazard, and complicated external structure, through reinforcing of monitoring agent by principal, easing of information asymmetry between principal and agent, and clarification of organizational ownership structure. Those characteristics may give many implications for the design of governance structures of port authorities in Korea.