• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.61-76
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• 1990

It was found that three different water masses were vertically situated in the western channel of the Korea Strait in summer. Of these water masses , the origin and inflow path of the middle water were discussed and estimated by comparing with water characteristics of neighbouring sea. As a result, (1) the middle water is formed on the continental shelf in the East China Sea by the mixing of the Kuroshio Water and Chinese Continental Coastal Water, (2) the middle water seems intruded through the sea around 127 E west off Kyushu Island and east off Cheju the Island.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 1999

A new sedimentary basin is reported from the marine multi-channel seismic data which were acquired for the hydrocarbon exploration on the southwestern Korean continental shelf in 1970. Along the southeastern part of Line 1192, the about 60-km-long basin with the thickness of 0.55~1.1 s is observed on the near-trace gather. However, both new and previous 24-fold stack sections fail to show the basin image probably due to its rugged top beneath the shallow water. The boundary contact between the basement with the velocity of about 5200m/s and the basin filling with the velocities of 4300~4700 m/s is unclear. These velocites are calculated from the corresponding shot gathers. Compared with the Haenam Basin, a neighbouring onshore Cretaceous sedimentary basin, we interpret that the new basin includes the volcanics and volcaniclastic sequences deposited in the lacustrine environment. This nonmarine basin was possibly formed as the result of the tectonic movement during the Cretaceous, implying the wide occurrence of the Cretaceous basins over the southern Korean Peninsula as well as its southwestern continental shelf.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.165-168
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• 1998

United nations convention on the law of the sea was actopted by third united nations conference on the law of the sea in 1982. and it came in to force on Novemver 1966. It involves exclusive economic zone, highly migrated species, marine mammals, anadromous stocks and high seas. in this paper, I analyze these issues, especially EEZ and high seas.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.85-108
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• 1991

Marine seismic processing is characterized by a great amount of data, several professional processing steps, and various parameters to be decided in each step. In general, adequate processing sequence and optimum parameters are obtained through test processing with sample set of data representing the whole group. The sequence and parameters are then applied in processing the whole data. In this paper, optimum processing sequence and parameters for the data acquired in Korean continental shelf are examined through test processing with real data. Finally, a good-quality migration section is produced using those sequence and parameters decided on the basis of the test results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 1987.07a
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• pp.261-261
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• 1987

황해의 조석 역학을 포함한 중규모 순환을 연구하기 위해 수립되었던 황해 조석 모델(최, 1980 ; 최, 1984)을 세격자체계로서 개선하였다. 과거 기본모델의 위도 1/5도, 경도 1/4도의 해상도(약 12 해리)는 본 모델에 의해 위도 1/15도, 경도 1/12도의 세격자체계로서 육붕 전역을 자세히 해상시켰다. 모델은 일차적으로 주태음반일주조에 의한 황해의 평균 조석 상황을 재현시키는데 이용되었으며 산정된 조류의 검증은 86년 동계의 해양관측중 해류관측결과(미국 Florida 주립대 - 성균관대 협력연구)로서 수행하였다. 계산 결과에 의하면 과거 모델보다 높은 해상력에 의해 연안에서의 조석 파급 효과가 개선되게 산정되었으므로 연안 해양학적인 각종 응용에 더 나은 입력 및 해석에 이용될 수 있다. 계산 시간간격은 69.00333초로서 1태음조석 주기당 648 timestep 을 형성하였는데 매 조석주기당 약 80 C.P.U.(분)이었으며 7번째 조석주기의 산정 결과를 분석하는데 이용하였다. 본 연구는 기보고된 세계 여타 해역의 육붕모델보다도 자세한 해상도를 갖는 3차원 모델의 결과로서 여겨진다. 아마도 육붕단의 조석 관측이 모델 개선을 위해 필수적인 사항으로 대두되는데 이는 조석 입력(예: 구주 서측 deamphidromic zone)의 중요성이 판별되었기 때문이다. 모델을 이용한 추후의 연구는 극한 상황의 3차원적 해류 분포, 대륙붕 해저 경계층 연구를 포함하는 퇴적 역학 연구 등이 될 것이다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.6 s.175
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• pp.633-642
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• 2005

We present the sedimentary sequence and distribution pattern of the late Holocene muddy deposits in the northern East China Sea shelf using the high-resolution 'Chirp' profiles. The seismic sedimentary sequence overlying acoustic basement (basal reflector-B) can be divided into two depositional units (Unit 1 and 2) bounded by erosional bounding surface (mid reflector-M). The lower Unit 1 above basal reflector-H is characterized by the acoustically parallel to subparallel reflections and channel-fill facies. The upper Unit 2, up to 7 m in thickness, shows seismically semi-transparent seismic facies and lenticular body form. On the base of sequence stratigraphic concept, these two sediment units have developed during transgression and highstand period, respectively, since the last sea-level lowstand. The transgressive systems tract (Unit 1) lie directly on the sequence boundary (reflector B) that have farmed during the last glacial maximum. The transgressive systems tract in this study consists mostly of complex of delta, fluvial, and tidal deposits within the incised valley estuary system. The maximum flooding surface (reflector M) corresponding to the top surface of transgressive systems tract is obviously characterized by erosional depression. The highstand systems tract (Unit 2) above maximum flooding surface is made up of the mud patch filled with the erosional depression. The high-stand mud deposits showing a circle shape just like a typhoon symbol locates about 140 km off the south of Cheju Island with water depth of $60\~90m$. Coverage area and total sediment volume of the mud deposits are about $3,200km^2$ and $10.7\times10^9\;m^3$, respectively. The origin of the mud patch is interpreted as a result of accumulating suspended sediments derived from the paleo-Yellow and/or Yangtze Rivers. The circular distribution pattern of the mud patch appears to be largely controlled by the presence of cyclonic eddy in the northern East China Sea.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.377-387
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• 2001

In order to elucidate sedimentation processes and depositional environments in transitional area between continental shelf and coastal zone, sedimentologic study has been done with 84 surface sediments sampled in nearshore/offshore off the mid-western coast of the Korean Peninsula for 3 years (1996${\sim}$1999). The surface sediment can be classified into 4 facies (gravelly sand, sand, silty sand and sandy silt). Mean grain size, sorting, skewenss and kurtosis varies -0.39${\sim}7.82{\Phi}$, 0.36${\sim}4.68{\Phi}$, -0.38${\sim}$0.86, -1.56${\sim}$3.43, respectively. The textural parameters show a finer-grained and poorly-sorted trend shoreward, northward and southward from the central part of the study area. The positively-skewed distribution and relationship of each textural parameters indicate a tide-dominated depositional environment. According to C/M diagram, there are 3 different domains (mode A, B, C) of sediment transport mode. The northern part is characterized by bedload transport (mode A) and represents co-influence of wave and tide, whereas domain C in the southern part is controlled by uniform suspension transport (mode C), correlating with sandy-silt area. In the broad middle area, transport processes are complex (the mixture of bedload, graded suspension and uniform suspension; mode B). Hence, the subdivision depositional environments of this study area may be classified by 3 depositional environments dependent on the interplay of sediment supplies from river, relict sediments and hydrologic conditions. In results, the nearshore and offshore areas are thus characterized as a mixing zone between coastal terrigenous sediments and relict sediments in the continental shelf by complex processes (tide, wave and river flow). These sedimentation processes play an important role in producing distinct sedimentologic features in the transitional zone linking coastal and shelfal areas.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.429-442
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• 2002

The faunal assembalges of macrobenthos and their habitat conditions on the soft-bottoms around Dokdo(Dok Island) was investigated using a box corer and a van Veen grab in Sept. 1999 and May 2000. The sediments in the slope sites were composed of sand particles and those in Ullneung Basin were mud. The sediments in the shelf sites were in the range of fine to medium sand. The organic content of the slope sediments was in the range of 1 to 2%. The macrobenthos occurred at the slope sites represented by 15faunal groups belonging to 8 phyla, and the major faunal group was polychaetous annelids. They comprised ca. 80.6% in slope sites, and 84.8% in shelf sites. Dominant species in the slope were Exogone verugera(40.9%), Cossura longocirrata (8.4%), Tharyx sp. (6.6%), Scalibregma inflatum (4.9%), Aedicira sp. (4.7%), Aricidea ramosa (3.8%), and Sigambra tentaculata (3.7%). Dominant species in the shelf were Chone sp. (49.3%), Tharyx sp. (18.4%), Ophelina acuminata (6.7%), Chaetozone setosa (3.8%), Glycera sp. (2.6%), and Aedicira sp. (2.4%). The mean densities of macrobenthos in the slope and shelf area were $2,028\;ind./m^2$ and $456\;ind./m^2$, respectively. The trophic composition of benthic polychaete worms in the slope area was different from that in shallow shelf area: surface deposit feeding worms were most abundant in slope area whereas filter feeding worms in shelf area. According to the cluster analysis and MDS plots, the spatial distribution of macrobenthos in Dokdo slope region was related with the sediment properties such as particle size and organic content. In the case of vertical distribution of macrobenthos in slope sites, most faunas concentrated in the upper sediment layer within 2cm depth.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2020

CO₂ geological storage is currently considered as the most stable and effective technology for greenhouse gas reduction. The saline formations for CO₂ geological storage are generally located at a depth of more than 800 m where CO₂ can be stored in a supercritical state, and an extensive impermeable cap rock that prevents CO₂ leakage to the surface should be distributed above the saline formations. Trough analysis of seismic and well data, we identified the basalt flow structure for potential CO₂ storage where saline formation is overlain by basalt cap rock around PZ-1 exploration well in the Southern Continental Shelf of Korea. To evaluate CO₂ storage capacity of the saline formation, total porosity and CO₂ density are calculated based on well logging data of PZ-1 well. We constructed a 3D geological grid model with a certain size in the x, y and z axis directions for volume estimates of the saline formation, and performed a property modeling to assign total porosity to the geological grid. The estimated average CO₂ geological storage capacity evaluated by the U.S. DOE method for the saline formation covered by the basalt cap rock is 84.17 Mt of CO₂(ranges from 42.07 to 143.79 Mt of CO₂).

• Journal of the Geological Society of Korea
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.587-603
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• 2018

3-D petroleum system modeling was performed on the Jeju Basin, offshore southern Korea to analyze the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation as well as the generation and expulsion of the hydrocarbon, based on subsurface structure maps of respective sedimentary formations. The lowermost formation deposited in Eocene time was assigned as a source rock, for which a mixed kerogen of type II and III was input in the modeling of oil and gas generation in consideration of the sedimentary environment of fluvio-lacustrine condition. Initial TOC was 4% as an input, based on the analysis of the well data and sedimentary environment. The modeling results show that a considerable amount of hydrocarbons was generated and expelled from the source rocks at the western Joint Development Zone (JDZ) sub-block 4, where the hydrocarbons was migrated to the above reservoir rocks at 20 Ma. The oil and gas in the reservoir rocks of the JDZ sub-block 4 are accumulated into the prospects with closure structures that has already been formed at the nearby areas. Another generation of hydrocarbon occurs from the source rock at the eastern border area of JDZ sub-block 1 and 2, where the expulsion of the hydrocarbons occurs at 10 Ma from the source rock into the above reservoir rocks, in which the accumulation also is expected. The generation, migration and accumulation were retarded at the eastern area of the JDZ sub-block 1 and 2, compared with the area of the western JDZ sub-block 4. Based on the modeling results, it is estimated that gases migrated laterally and vertically in long distance whereas oil migrated laterally in shorter distance than gases. A substantial amount of hydrocarbon could have seeped out of the reservoir formations to the surface since the migration of oil and gas actively occurred in Miocene time before the formation of seals. However, the modeling shows that the hydrocarbon could be accumulated smoothly into the closed structures that can be formed locally by alternation of sand and shale beds.