• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2003

One of the major obstructing factors against managing dairy farm in Korea has been a shortage of roughage supply. The shortage of roughage caused excessive use of concentrate feed increase of production cost and deterioration of cattle quality. In order to solve this problem for the dairy farm, use of fallow paddy field in the winter was feasible to produce barley and rye forage during the winter season after harvesting of in. And many desirable effects of raising cattle productivity, saving dollars for importing feeds and providing huge ground for manure spreading are expected by enlarged local roughage production. Through analysing the forage producing process, a mechanized operation model was developed for dairy farms in Korea. Its model consists of seeding models(till, no-till model) and harvesting models(wrap silage, traditional silage, hay model). Currently, the government policies are being executed to urge producing winter cereal wrap silage in the fallow paddy field with various supporting programs. Ant with enlarged local forage production, it is possible to make a new huge market fur forage producing machine.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 1991

This experiment was conducted to determine optimal sowing date and method of Italian ryegrass(Lo1iuwr wzultiflorum. Tetrone) in paddy of Gyeong Nam area. Treatments given were four sowing dates(Sep. 30, Oct. 10, Oct. 20 and Oct. 30) and four sowing methods (broadcasting on tillage ridging, broadcasting on zerotillage ridging, boundless broadcasting and alternated drilling). The characteristics of growth, winter survival, yield(fresh and dry matter) and nutr~ent quality were observed. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Winter survival and yield components such as plant height, and number of stem were the highest due to higher survival tillers at the sown time of Sep. 30(p<. 05). 2. Plants sown on Sep. 30 showed the highest fresh and dry matter yield. Yield was decreased as delaying the date of sowing. Fresh and dry matter yield sown on Oct. 10, were obtained 7600 and 1100 kg, respectively, aftenvardly sign~ficantly decreased(p< .05). 3. Effect of sowing time and method on chemical composition were not recognized. 4. Winter surviva: sown on boundless-broadcasting was lower(p<. 05) than those of sown on broadcasting on ridging and alternated-drilling. 5. Fresh and dry matter y~elds were the highest when sown on broadcasting on tillage ridging but that of sown on houndless-broadcasting was relatively low. 6. The growth and forage yield were enhanced by sowing up to Oct. 10 and by sown on broadcasting on ridging (tillage or zerotillage).

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.338-342
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• 1996

Fodder rye(cv. Coolgrazer) was cultivated on paddy soils under different application rates of animal manures (CM=cow manures mixed with sawdust, SM=swine manure mixed with sawdust) during 1994-1995. Rice crop (CV. Geumo) was transplanted in the same plots after fodder rye. The effects of cattle manure application on the yield performance of rye and their influence to growth, yields and quality of rice were evaluated. Fodder rye produced larger plant growth and higher silage yield in the cattle manure application than in the chemical feltilizer (CF). Dry matter yields of rye silage were 3.08 ton(CF), 4.23 ton(CM) and 6.03 ton/ha(SM), respedively. Under heavy application of cattle manures plant height, number of tillers and grains per panicle were increased, but 1,000 grains weight and total yields of rice were decreased. Yields of brown rice were 5.20 ton(CF), 5.15 ton (CM) and 4.95 ton/ha(SM), respectively. Higher concentration of amylose was found in the heavy application of cattle manures. Amylose contents of rice were 16.8%(CF), 19.1%(CM) and 19.4%(SM).

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 1995

In order to find out optimum seed production date according to different defoliation and flooding period of Italian ryegrass, this studies with Tetrone were canied out on the experimental field of Honam Crop Experiment Station from 1986 to 1988. Treatments included cutting date of Nov. 20 and Apr. 10 and flooding period of 5-25 days. In soil after experiment, organic matter, phosphate and silicate content increased, but potassium content decreased 0.16% than that before experiment. Heading and maturing date of Nov. 20 cutting were same with those of non cutting, those of Apr. 10 cutting lates 6 days to heading date and 2 days to maturing date. Plant height and culm length of Nov. 20 cutting were sirniller to those of non cutting, those of Apr. 10 cutting were shorter and panicle length have no difference between non cutting and cutting. Lodging of cutting treatment was reduced than that of non cutting. Lodgin was increased as flooding period was long, also loding of all treatment occured at 30 days after heading. Two cutting times of Nov. 20 and Apr. 10 have the most fresh yield, while non cutting have the most dry matter yield. Optimun seed productin date was considered to suitable when 35 days after heading (Jun. 14), at this time, seed production was 1,640 to 2,640 kg/ha. Also if flooding j u r y have, seed production was good between 10 days and 15 days after flooding.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.146-150
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• 1995

The yield performance and nutrient quality of barley for pellets making from whole crop material were discussed during 1993-1994. Barley (cv. Olbori) was grown on paddy land after rice cutivation and was harvested at early stage of physiological maturity. A column type of whole crop pellets was produced by 1.5cm diameter and 2.5cm height. Barley war evaluated as a suitable materials for whole crop pellet making. Barley produced higher yield and better qualitative roughage in the utilization of pellet making than in the silage making. Dry matter yields were obtained 12.02 MTha in pellet making and 11.70 MT/ha in silage making. Net energy value of barley pellet were 6.54 MJ in net energy lactation and 635 SV in starch equivalent net energy. Feeding of barley pellet improved milk production of daily cattle Daily milk yields per head were 25.1 liter in silage feeding and 25.9 liter in pellet feeding. Production cost of pellets and silages made from whole crop barley were 169.07 won/kg and 124.15 won/kg dry matter, respectively.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1997

맥류 성력 기계파종시 절단된 볏집을 토양 유기물원으로 환원함에 따른 맥류의 생육특성 및 토양환원 변화를 구명하고자 일련의 시험을 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 보리 재배시 볏짚을 토양에 투여할 경우 종자를 볏짚 밑부분에 파종하면 토양입자와 종자가 접착하게 되어 볏짚 윗부분에 종자를 파종한 경우보다 파종후 출현율이 11％ 향상되었다. 2. 볏짚을 유기물원으로 이용할 경우 퇴비시용품보다 월동전 초기생육은 부진했으나 내도복성과 천입종이 증대되었으며, 보리는 8％, 맥주보리는 20％ 각각 증수되었다. 3. 토양에 투여된 볏짚의 조기 부숙화를 위해 질소비료를 표준량보다 25％ 증비하거나, 석회 및 규산을 시용해줌으로써 볏짚 부숙율을 2∼6.9％ 높일 수 있었다. 4. 맥주보리 재배시 볏짚의 토양환원으로 천입종 및 정입율은 향상되었고, 종실의 조단백질 함량은 감소하여 곡립의 원맥 품질이 크게 향상되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.519-525
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• 1994

충남 예산지방에서 호밀을 답리작으로 재배할 때 파종시기와 채취시기가 사요가치에 미치는 영향을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 호밀의 조단백질, 가소화단백질, 총가소화양분(TDN)과 P, K, Ca, Mg 등의 무기물 그리고 에너지추정값(ENE), 필유에너지(NEL), 유지에너지(NEM), 증체에너지(NEG) 등의 에너지 함량은 파종기가 빠를수록 감소하고 ADF (acid detergent fiber) 와 NDF(neutral detergent fiber)는 증가하였다. 2. 단위면적당 조단백질, 가소화단백질, 총가소화양분(TDN), P, K, Ca, Mg등의 무기물 및 에너지추정값(ENE), 필유에너지(NEL), 유지에너지(NEM), 증체에너지(NEG) 등의 에너지 수량은 파종기가 빠를수록 증가하였으며 10월 5일에서 10월 25일까지의 파종기간에는 별 차이가 없었다. 3. 채취시기별로는 모든 파종기에서 조단백질은 개화후기 예취시, 가소화단백질 및 증체에너지 (NEG)는 출수기 예취시, 총가소화양분(TDN) 수량은 유숙기 예취시 제일 많았다. 4. 호밀의 채취적기는 관행사료가치 관점에서는 유숙기 무렵으로 판단되나 가소화단백질 및 증체에너지(NEG)측면에서는 출수기 무렵이 적기로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2003

In order to solve the shortage of roughage supply for dairy farm in Korea, winter cereal forage production after harvesting of rice in the fallow paddy field is studied. This study consist of two parts. One is the model development of the mechanized production which was already reported at the preview paper. This is the 2nd parts of the study. Also, the mechanized production model for cereal forage production in winter was reported in the previous study. In this paper, coverage area and mechanized wrap silge production cost are analyzed and compared to the other available feeds in Korea. Results of the research are summarized as follows; The coverage area for the winter cereal wrap silage production system in Korea is estimated to be 33.7 ha in case of working with a tractor and a set of implements. If two or three tractors are available, the coverage area is estimated to be 68.0 and 101.3 ha, respectively. The break even point (BEP) of the farming size is analyzed as 10 ha and its production(operating) cost is estimated to be 317 to 443 won/TDN-kg at the BEP point. The cost is lowered to 182 won/TDN-kg at 100ha-working, and is much lower compared with prices of imported feeds of 360∼600 won/TDN-kg. Therefore, winter cereal wrap silage model is judged to be feasible and desirable for a large scale production of forage in winter fallow paddy field.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 1994

호밀을 답리작으로 재배시 수량, 일반사료성분과 에너지 함량 및 수량을 질소시비량 및 예취시기에 따른 반응을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 호밀은 질소시비량이 30kg/10a까지 많을수록 청예 및 건물수량이 증가하고 건물률은 감소하였으며 식물체의 엽신과 엽초의 비율은 증가하는 반면 줄기와 이삭의 비율은 감소하였다. 2. 호밀은 질소시비량이 많을수록 단백질, 총가소화양분(TDN), 무기물 및 에너지 함량과 수량이 모두 증가하였으며 ADF(acid detergent fiber) 와 NDF(neutral detergent fiber)의 함량은 감소하고 상대적사료가치가 높아졌다. 3. 질소시비량이 많아지면 예취시기가 늦더라도 전체 조단백질 함량 중에서 가급태 단백질이 차지하는 비율이 크게 낮아지지 않았다. 4. 호밀의 수확적기는 관행사료가치의 관점에서 는 대체로 유숙기 무렵으로 판단되었으나 사료의 에너지 관점에서는 이와 다소 차이가 있었다. 증체에너지(NEG)와 유지에너지(NEM) 면에서 본 수확적기는 개화후기에 높고 관행사료가치보다 10일정도 빨랐으며 에너지추정값(ENE)과 필유에너지(NEL)는 유숙기 무렵으로 같았다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.431-436
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• 1994

충남 예산지방에서 호밀을 답리작으로 재배할 때 파종기가 생육, 수량 및 식물체 부위별 건물구 성비율에 미치는 영향을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 예산지방에서 파종기가 11월 5일 이후로 늦어지면 호밀의 출현일수가 길어지고 출현율 및 월동율이 감소하며 출수기가 지연되었다. 2. 호밀의 생장속도는 파종기가 빠를수록 증가하였고 파종기가 11월 5일 이후로 지연됨에 따라 생육량이 크게 감소하였다. 3. 호밀의 청예 및 건물수량은 파종기가 빠를수록 증가하나 다른 지역에서보다 파종적기의 폭이 넓어서 10월 5일에서 10월 25일 사이의 파종기간 차가 크지 않았다. 청예수량은 개화기 예취시, 건물수량은 유숙기 예취시 가장 높았다. 4. 호밀의 식물체 부위별 건물구성비율은 파종기가 빠를수록 그리고 수확시기가 늦을수록 엽신과 엽초의 비율이 감소하고 줄기와 이삭의 비율은 증가하였다.