• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 2004

This study was designed to investigate and evaluate the dietary intake of 30 housewives, aged 35 to 59. The subjects kept daily diet records lot a period of one year. Their mean daily nutrient intakes met or exceeded the RDA (recommended dietary allowance) for all categories except energy, calcium, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin B$_2$. Mean daily calorie intakes were 81.2% of the RDA. The subjects received about 19% of their energy from fat and 15% from protein. Nutrient adequacy ratios (NAR) were 0.60 for calcium, 0.62 for iron, 0.71 for vitamin A, and 0.76 for vitamin B$_2$. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was 0.79. Subjects received various nutrients from rice, pork, eggs, and Kimchi. Rice was a major contribute. to many subjects' nutrient intake due to the high amount of consumption. Pork, rice, and vegetable oil greatly contributed to fat intakes while eggs, pork, and beef supplied a high level of cholesterol compared to other foods. Kimchi, anchovies, and milk were the major contributors of calcium, while rice, pork, and Kimchi were the major contributors of iron. These results indicate that the major nutritional problem of middle-aged housewives is an overall inadequate intake of energy, calcium, and iron.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2005

This study was designed to estimate effect of wood vinegar on meat quality in old Layer which was low production and low economic value. The old layer chickens were used to resource for income increase of layer farm and protein supply. Two hundred forty Isa Brown chickens were assigned with control(Broiler feed), Treatment 1 (Broiler feed with addition of domestic wood vinegar $0.8\%$) and Treatment 2(Broiler feed with addition of foreign wood vinegar $0.4\%$). Feed intake of control group was lower 3g than other treatments. This is the reason of result that what organic acid in wood vinegar of treatment groups affect to feed digestibility, The different of chicken production was depended on ingredient and included value of wood vinegar in domestic and foreign. Foreign wood vinegar have organic acids which that functionally act sexual Pheromone so that promote endocrine matter. This is reason that old Layer chicken increase to egg production rate. Treatment 2 group effect to thigh meat rather than breast meat and improve to value of crude fat and meat color. The Meat quality and sensory test of thigh meat of foreign wood vinegar was better appraise rather than that of domestic wood vinegar. Because foreign wood vinegar make to fine of meat tissue and to decline cooking loss and also to increase juiciness and tenderness on sensory test.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.689-695
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• 1996

In order to prove physiological function of ${\beta}-Glucan$ isolated from barley flour by enzymatic method, in vitro experiments simulating the passive membrane transport of gastrointestinal tract were carried out using dialysis membrane. The yield of ${\beta}-Glucan$ from barley flour was $6.2{\%}$ and its constituents were determined to give $81.6{\%}$ total dietary fiber, $72.9{\%}$ soluble dietary fiber, $8.7{\%}$ insoluble dietary fiber, $8.5{\%}$ moisture, $2.5{\%}$ protein and $7.4{\%}$ ash. The water holding capacity of the ${\beta}-Glucan$ preparation was 6 g water/g dry material. The glucose retardation index after 30 minute dialysis was $13.5{\%}$ in the presence of $3{\%}$ ${\beta}-Glucan$. As the dialysis period became longer, the retarding effect toward glucose absorption decreased and the effect was close to zero after 2 hour dialysis. The bile acid retardation index after 30 minute dialysis was 3, 12 and $18{\%}$ in the presence of 1, 3 and $5{\%}$ ${\beta}-Glucan$, respectively. The effect was higher than the glucose retardation index and decreased as the dialysis time elapsed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.301-308
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• 1987

The results of experiment to find out the optimum pasteurization condition by heating from $50^{\circ}C$ to $70^{\circ}C$ at intervals of $5^{\circ}C$ and to review chemical composition, microbiological aspects and keeping quality were summarized as follows: 1. The milk sample pasteurized at $50-70^{\circ}C$ showed the decreased pH value from 6.55 to 6.42 while the contents of protein, fat, lactose and ash did not have significant changes. 2. Non-casein nitrogen and filterable nitrogen decreased while casein nitrogen and non protein nitrogen increased as the heat treatment increased. 3. The content of calcium and vitamin C decreased and artificial digestibility for the pasteruized milk increased from 14.07% to 20.00% by the heat treatment. 4. Milk pasteurized at $65^{\circ}C$ had viable bacteria counts $1.3{\times}10^4/m{\ell}$, coliforms negative, psychrotrophic bacteria $9.5{\times}10^2/m{\ell}$ and 99.0% pasteurization effect. 5. Milk pasteurized at $65^{\circ}C$ did not show significant changes in chemical composition and microbiological aspects at $4^{\circ}C$ in refrigerator.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2013

Lactic acid bacteria are microorganisms that are closely associated with human and/or animal environments, and are categorized as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) organisms due to their ubiquitous appearance in foods and their contribution to the healthy microflora of mucosal surfaces. This study was performed to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria with antagonistic effects against food-borne pathogens. A total of 3,000 acid-producing bacteria were isolated from infant feces, cattle feces, goat feces, dog feces, pig feces, vaginal tracts, vegetables, fruits, Kimchi, Jeotgal, fermented sausages, raw milk, cheese, yogurt, Cheonggukjang, Meju, and Makgeolli cultured on MRS agar with 0.05% bromocresol purple. For the isolation of bacteriocin-producing bacteria, the diameter of the clear zone was measured on MRS agar plates. Twenty-six isolates exhibited strong antibacterial activity against indicator strains such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Lactic acid bacteria were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus hirae, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Pediococcus acidilactici by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The results of this study suggest that the isolates could be used as potential probiotic starters for functional food applications.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 1986

This experiment was conducted to find out the change of composition and yield of whole crop rye plant by the maturity stage such as boot, heading, milky, dough and yellow ripe. The results of this experiment were as follows: The yield of whole plant was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the dough stage than in the other stages, and stalk yield of whole plant was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the dough stage than in the other stages, and stalk yield of whole plant was the highest in the part of whole plant, ear yield in the yellow ripe stage. Leaf and stalk yield in the ratio of part yield to whole plant yield remarkably decreased according to the passage from boot to yellow ripe stage, but ear yield increased. Dry matter yield increased with advancing maturity stage, and was the highest in the yellow ripe stage (P<0.01). Crude protein contents of whole plant and each parts gradually decreased, and crude fiber content increased with advancing maturity stage.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2015

This study was conducted from 2013 to 2014 to explore the feasibility of the cultivation of warm-season grass as an annual Korean forage crop, while concurrently evaluating the characteristics and forage production of warm-season grass in Korea. The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Five bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] cultivars, two teffgrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) cultivars, and a Kleingrass [Panicum coloratum L.] cultivar were compared for forage production and quality in the middle region of Korea. After seeding, the numbers of days until seedling emergence for bermudagrass and kleingrass were observed at approximately day 11 and day 12, respectively. The heading dates of teffgrass and kleingrass were on July 12 and July 26, respectively. The dry matter (DM) yield of bermudagrass Tifton 85 was usually greater than the other entries. The crude protein content (CPC) and total digestibility nutrient (TDN) for the teffgrass cultivars were usually greater than the other entries at all study sites. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) and in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) were similar across all cultivars.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2016

It has been generally accepted that obesity and overweight are associated with metabolic diseases and cancer incidence. In fact, obesity increased risks of cancers i.e. breast, liver, pancreatic and prostate. Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from Thunder god vine, was used as a Chinese traditional medicine for treatment of inflammatory disorders such as arthritis, lupus erythematosus and Alzheimer's disease. Also, celastrol has various biological properties of chemo-preventive, neuro-protective, and anti-oxidant effects. Recent studies demonstrated that celastrol has anti-proliferation effects in different type of obesity-related cancers and suppresses tumor progression and metastasis. Anticancer effects of celastrol include regulation of $NF-{\kappa}B$, heat shock protein, JNK, VEGF, CXCR4, Akt/mTOR, MMP-9 and so on. For these reasons, celastrol has shown to be a promising anti-tumor agent. In this review, we will address the anticancer activities and multiple mechanisms of celastrol in obesity-related cancers.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.308-314
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• 1992

To examine the characteristics of anti-complementary compounds from Arecae Pericarpium (the pericarps of Areca catechu) which showed the highest activity during our screening procedures, the extraction and purification were performed. AC-1 fraction from Arecae Pericarpium was purified by hot water extraction, methanol reflux, ethanol precipitation, dialysis and lyophilization. This compound had total sugar 48.2%, uronic acid 14.6% and protein 36.8%. Rhamnose, arabinose, mannose and galactose were found in sugar components. By cetavlon (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) treatment AC-1 was fractionated to AC-2, AC-3 and AC-4. Among them, AC-2 showed the highest activity and yield. By periodate oxidation, AC-2 was deactivated, but had no change in activity by pronase digestion. Moreover active fractions, AC-2-IIIa and AC-2-IIIc isolated from AC-2 by two successive column chromatography using DEAE-Toyopearl $650C(Cl^-form)$ and Sephadex G-100. AC-2-IIIa was mainly made up of rhamnose, mannose, galactose and glucose, and AC-2-IIIc, mannose, galactose and glucose. These both polysaccharides were identified as homogeneous by gel filtration of Sepharose CL-4B and electrophoresis, and molecular weights of them were 120,000 and 15,000, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1986

This experiment was carried out to identify the main pathogens infected with Piper sudangrass and to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative damage of the plants infected with leaf blight (Helminthosporium turcicum PASS) under different levels of nitrogen fertilizer (20, 30 and 40 kg/10a). The experiment was design as a randomized block design with 4 replications at experimental field of Livestock Experiment Station in Suweon, 1984. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The main fungi isolated from sudangrass were identified as Helminthoporium turcicum and Collectotricum graminicolum, but 1 species fungus was not identified. 2. Leaf blight was first found on June 20 and appeared extremely in the regrowth plants from July to September. The rate of attack was associated with increasing of nitrogen fertilization (P<0.01). 3. Fresh and dry matter yields were as much as 47 and 38 percentage lower in leaf blight infected plants (disease severity: V) than those of no visible infection. 4. Concentrations of crude fat and crude protein were decreased in the plants infected with Helminthosporium leaf blight, but lignin content was increased. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility of the plants were negative correlated with the infection of leaf blight(P<0.01).