• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.46-53
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• 2002

The study was carried out to determine the growth and biomass production of deciduous trees including Betula pendula, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Cornus controversa subjected to artificial shade treatment of three levels in nursery field. The results were as follows; The height growth of seedlings was no difference subjected to artificial shade treatment. The root collar diameters of the relative growth rates of seedlings grown in full sun showed 29-32% as compared with those subjected to the shade treatment of 7-10% light intensities of full sun. Corrus controversa of the root collar diameters of the relative growth rates were better in the seedlings grown in 26-34% light intensities of full sun. Total dry mass including the dry mass of leaves, shoot and root were as a whole decreased with shade treatment. The ratio of the dry mass of leaves and stem increased the dry mass of root. T/R ratio of the seedlings increased by decreasing the relative light intensity. And the T/R ratio of 7-10% light intensities of full sun was ranged from 1.00~2.27 were greater in the full sun light was ranged from 0.51~l.13. Light intensity by artificial shade treatment decreased in deciduous trees when compared on the whole, it showed tendency that SLA increases, increased that seeing resemblant tendency in LAR and LWR and changed of light intensity is strong, it increased that showed difference as statistical.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 2003

These studies were carried out to establish an effective in vitro embryo transfer methods by analyzing several factors. The base media were TCM-199 solution for in vitro maturation(IVM) of bovine follicular oocytes and Fer-TALP solution for in vitro fertilization(IVF) and CRlaa medium for in vitro culture(IVC). IVC used the fertilized oocytes of 24-hr culture (day 1)after IVF. Embryos were cultured in drop-culture that contained 25 embryos per 10${mu}ell$. Blastocysts cultured for 7 to 9 in vitro were transferred to recipients. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The pregnancy rate according to different region of embryo transfer were 33.8％, 48.1％, 45.0％ and 35.3％ respectively. 2. The pregnancy rate according to the parity of recipient when embryos were transferred to nulliparous (42.9％) was higher than that of 1∼3nd parlous(36.9％), however there were not show significant difference each other. 3. According to the stage of blastocyst, the pregnancy rate when middle blastocysts (MB) (45.5％) were transferred to recipients were higher than that of late blastocysts (LB) (41.0％). 4. When IVF-derived blastocysts cultured for 7 to 9 day were transferred to recipients, the pregnancy rate was higher 7 day of blastocyst than that of 8 day or 9 day of blastocyst. The results of embryo transfer according to the regions, the parity of recipient and the development stage showed that blastocyst formed for 7day transferred to nulliparou were higher pregnancy rate than others.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6388-6398
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• 2014

To understand size fractioned chlorophyll a and material cycle characteristics in Jeju marine ranching area (JMRA), 4 times of survey were conducted from April to November 2008. Picoplankton on the surface in JMRA was on average, $0.30{\mu}g/L$(annual mean(M):17.3%) in the $0.03{\sim}0.84{\mu}g/L$ range, accounting for 17.3%. Nannoplankton and picoplankton was on average, $1.35{\mu}g/L$(M:78.0%) in the $0.22{\sim}3.93{\mu}g/L$ range, and $1.73{\mu}g/L$(M:4.7%) in the nd ~ 0.24 range, respectively. The 10m layer was similar to the surface. The measured values changed according to the measurement times but the nanoplankton composition ratio was higher throughout the year. In addition, the size fractioned chlorophyll a distribution in JMRA was similar to that of tropical sea area affected by the Monsoon rather than South Korean offshore coast geographically adjacent to the East China Sea and Japan coastal waters affected by the Kuroshio/Tsushima warm currents. That is, the material cycle of JMRA consists of a microbial food web rather than traditional food chain at a lower trophic levels. Primary production is deemed to have a higher possibility of being adjusted by top-down dynamics, such as micro-zooplankton grazing pressure rather than nutrients supply.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2010

This study attempted to determine whether Photostimulated Luminescence (PSL) is applicable for the detection of post-irradiated foods by measuring the PSL photon counts of unirradiated and irradiated dried spices and herbs. A total of 19 dried spices and herbs was irradiated with a $^{60}Co$ $\gamma$-ray source at 1, 5 and 10 kGy followed by measurement of PSL photon. The photon counts of unirradiated samples below 700 correspond to negative. Fifteen samples irradiated over 1 kGy showed photon counts of more than 5,000, indicating irradiation treatment. Intermediate counts (photon count 700-5,000) were observed in irradiated white/black pepper, nutmeg and cinnamon bark at 10 kGy. These results suggest that it is possible to detect whether dried spices and herbs were irradiated by analyzing PSL, with the exception of white/black pepper, nutmeg and cinnamon bark. Irradiated white/black pepper, nutmeg and cinnamon bark containing low levels of minerals were not sensitive to PSL. Therefore, further investigation is sugguested to be performed by Thermoluminescence (TL) analysis or another validated or standardized method.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-53
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• 2008

This study has developed a water balance model for the catchment of Byungchun river using a BROOK90 4.4e physical deterministic water balance model with the long-term meterological data and stream run off data obtained from the basin of Byungchun river in Korea. It is intended that the validation model with calibrated model fitting parameter can build a long-term water balance plan for a period when meterological data are available but stream runoff data are not. Results of this study have satisfied the first expectation as an experiment for water balance modeling since measured stream runoff data have turned out to be very similar to simulated stream runoff data. Through the confirmation of model fitting parameters and validated simulation, water balance for the period of 1998 to 2006 has been restored. Unless the conditions of geomophology, vegetation, soil and land use change, meterological data alone can produce various hydrometeorological data related to stream runoff amount, soil water amount, and evapotranspiration. This study opens up a new horizon in restoring water balance in the past as well planning water balance in the present. The obtained results from this study are expected to be used in predicting future water balance in the wake of the changes in climate and vegetation in Korea.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 2019

Currently, the field of textile is expanding the scope of its research, which focuses on non-material values such as emotion. This study suggests possibilities for and applications of emotional textile design, using digital craft via empirical research focusing on the emotional significance of textile design. The results, obtained with a subjective evaluation scale developed for this study, were used to verify whether there is statistical significance in the differences between textile design using digital technology and textile design using digital craft. The experiment indicated certain meaningful implications for application of digital crafts through the application of textile design. First, ethnic emotions were not found to be significant but did increase in all three comparative analyses. Second, both modern and classical emotions decreased. Third, comparisons between digital textile machine and digital textile machine and craft showed a significant difference in sensibility. Lastly, the comparison of 3D printing and 3D printing and craft indicated a significant increase in elegance. Therefore, textile design using digital craft is thought to be able to deliver an ethnic, fun, and elegant sensibility, following the digital technology used. If the results derived from this study are used appropriately in the development and production of textile design, it can effectively support the development of emotional textile design. In addition, the results of this study provide objective data for the design of emotional textile through digital craft, which will provide important implications for the academic world and for practical production.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.120-132
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• 2019

As a key infrastructure for positioning autonomous vehicles, HD maps are making efforts to equip autonomous vehicles and connect them with services worldwide. Global companies like Here and TomTom have contracted an agreement with three German automobile companies(BMW, Audi, Daimler) by establishing systems including from the production of HD maps to loading autonomous vehicles. Japan has organized a DMP(Dynamic Map Platform) by collaborating public and private section and performing establishment of HD map on private section-oriented. Korean companies related with autonomous vehicles are also cooperating with various companies such as vehicles, sensors and maps. But public and private sections are establishing HD maps respectively. Accordingly, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport implemented and signed memorandum for private and public cooperation in April 2019, Joint establishment council of HD map has launched in August 2019. This study performed domestic and foreign trend analysis about HD map and interviewed to related companies. And analyzed solutions for interactive cooperation of private and public section in HD map industry, purposed step-by-step strategy for operation and operation plan for joint establishment council of HD map.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.31-49
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• 2021

IoT devices refer to embedded devices that can communicate with networks. Since there are various types of IoT devices and they are widely used around us, in the event of an attack, damages such as personal information leakage can occur depending on the type of device. While the security team analyzes IoT devices, they should target firmware as well as software interfaces since IoT devices are operated by both of them. However, the problem is that it is not easy to extract and analyze firmware and that it is not easy to manage product quality at a certain level even if the same target is analyzed according to the analyst's expertise within the security team. Therefore, in this paper, we intend to establish a vulnerability analysis process for the firmware of IoT devices and present available tools for each step. Besides, we organized the process from firmware acquisition to analysis of IoT devices produced by various commercial manufacturers, and we wanted to prove their validity by applying it directly to drone analysis by various manufacturers.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2021

This study investigated methane productions and a degradation rate of organic matters by German standard method, VDI4630 test. In this study, 11 waste biomasses from agricultural fields were selected for the investigation. The objective of this study was to estimate a distribution of organic matters by using the Double first-order kinetics model in order to calculate the rate of biodegradable organic matters which degrade rapidly in the initial stage and the persistently biodegradable organic matters which degrade slowly later. As a result, all the biomasses applied in this study showed rapid decomposition in the initial stage. Then the decomposition rate began to slow down for a certain period and the rate became 10 times slower than the initial decomposition rate. This trend of decomposition rate changes is typical conditions of biomass decompositions. The easily degradable factors (k₁) were raged between 0.097~0.152 day^-1 from vegetable crops and persistent degradable factor (k₂) were 0.002~0.024 day^-1. Among these results, greater organic matter decomposition rates from VDI4630 had greater k₁ values (0.152, 0.144day^-1) and smaller k₁ values (0.002, 0.005day^-1) from cucumbers and paprika. In a meanwhile, radishes and tangerine rinds which had low decomposition rates showed 0.097 and 0.094 day^-1 of k₁ values and decomposition rates seems to affect k₁ values.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.99-112
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• 2020

A edible mushroom, Hypsizygus marmoreus is commercially cultivated. However, the researches of cultivation and physiological characteristics were not conducted in Korea. In this study, we conducted on artificial cultivation of H. marmoreus and elucidated the effect of light on the mycelial growth and fruit body development using LED light sources with different wavelength; blue (peak wave length 460nm), green(peak wave length 530nm), yellow(peak wave length 590nm), red(peak wave length 630nm), and white as positive control. Mycelial growth of H. marmoreus strains were inhibited about 30~40% in inhibition ratio under the illumination with blue, green, yellow LED light. However, red LED light was not inhibited. Elongation of stipe was effective under the long wave length such as yellow and red light. Abnormal fruit body was produced under the long wavelength and dark. However, development of pileus was effective under the short wavelength such as green and blue light. Also, as a result of cultivation with mixed light for high quality and harvest, many effective numbers and yields of fruiting bodies were obtained in the mixed treatment of blue and white light, and pileus developed well.