• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.598-605
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• 2018

Behavior awareness is a technology that recognizes human behavior through data and can be used in applications such as risk behavior through video surveillance systems. Conventional behavior recognition algorithms have been performed using the 2D camera image device or multi-mode sensor or multi-view or 3D equipment. When two-dimensional data was used, the recognition rate was low in the behavior recognition of the three-dimensional space, and other methods were difficult due to the complicated equipment configuration and the expensive additional equipment. In this paper, we propose a method of recognizing human behavior using only CCTV images without additional equipment using only RGB and depth information. First, the skeleton extraction algorithm is applied to extract points of joints and body parts. We apply the equations to transform the vector including the displacement vector and the relational vector, and study the continuous vector data through the RNN model. As a result of applying the learned model to various data sets and confirming the accuracy of the behavior recognition, the performance similar to that of the existing algorithm using the 3D information can be verified only by the 2D information.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.23-28
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• 2009

In this paper, we proposed and analyzed the performance of the adaptive switching equalization for SC-FDMA system. It is well known that SC-FDMA system have a fairly similar structure to OFDMA system. Furthermore, SC-FDMA system has great advantage of low PAPR compare to OFDM system. However, this system often suffers from wireless channel characteristics such as multipath fading and increased channel impulse response and so on. To reduce this channel influence, it strongly requires efficient adaptive equalization. Therefore, the proposed system operated upon two modes namely, ZF mode for slow speed and MMSE mode for high speed. From the simulation results, we can confirm that the proposed scheme has more efficient performance from the system complexity point of view. So we can expect that the proposed system will be applied design of 3GPP LTE uplink.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2018

The heterogeneous cellular network (HCN) is most significant as a key technology for future fifth generation (5G) wireless networks. The heterogeneous network considered consists of randomly macrocell base stations (MBSs) overlaid with femtocell base stations (BSs). The stochastic geometry has been shown to be a very powerful tool to model, analyze, and design networks with random topologies such as wireless ad hoc, sensor networks, and multi- tier cellular networks. The HCNs can be energy-efficiently designed by deploying various BSs belonging to different networks, which has drawn significant attention to one of the technologies for future 5G wireless networks. In this paper, we propose switching off/on systems enabling the BSs in the cellular networks to efficiently consume the power by introducing active/sleep modes, which is able to reduce the interference and power consumption in the MBSs and FBSs on an individual basis as well as improve the energy efficiency of the cellular networks. We formulate the minimization of the power onsumption for the MBSs and FBSs as well as an optimization problem to maximize the energy efficiency subject to throughput outage constraints, which can be solved the Karush Kuhn Tucker (KKT) conditions according to the femto tier BS density. We also formulate and compare the coverage probability and the energy efficiency in HCNs scenarios with and without coordinated multi-point (CoMP) to avoid coverage holes.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.127-135
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• 2018

This paper was studied the tri-band folded monopole antenna design with Mu-negative metamaterial unit cell, which operates at 700 MHz UHD broadcast band and 2.45 GHz/5 GHz WiFi band. The MNR metamaterial is fabricated by forming a capacitor on the backside of the antenna substrate and connecting it to the ground plane through a strip line and a via hole so that a single cell can operate in the MZR (Mu zero resonator). Through this, the resonance point can be controlled to resonate in the zero mode in 700 MHz band, and the bandwidth is improved. Experimental results show that the 10dB bandwidth and gain are 309 MHz (41.2%) and 5.298 dB at the first resonance point, and the 10dB bandwidth and gain at the second resonance point are 821.9 MHz (33.5%) and 2.7840 dB respectively. At the third resonance point, the gain and bandwidth were 1.1314 GHz (20.6%) and 2.9484 dB respectively. We confirmed that the resonance point with theoretical value is in agreement with experimental value. And the radiation pattern is generally omnidirectional, and it has been confirmed that the radiation pattern is good in both forward and backward directions at 0.75 GHz and 2.45 GHz, and has a radiation pattern with multiple lobes at 5.5 GHz.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.374-387
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• 2012

In this paper, we implement a new hardware for finding the significant coefficients of a digital hologram and ciphering them using discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT). Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and packetization of subbands is used, and the adopted ciphering technique can encrypt the subbands with various robustness based on the level of the wavelet transform and the threshold of subband energy. The hologram encryption consists of two parts; the first is to process DWPT, and the second is to encrypt the coefficients. We propose a lifting based hardware architecture for fast DWPT and block ciphering system with multi-mode for the various types of encryption. The unit cell which calculates the repeated arithmetic with the same structure is proposed and then it is expanded to the lifting kernel hardware. The block ciphering system is configured with three block cipher, AES, SEED and 3DES and encrypt and decrypt data with minimal latency time(minimum 128 clocks, maximum 256 clock) in real time. The information of a digital hologram can be hided by encrypting 0.032% data of all. The implemented hardware used about 200K gates in $0.25{\mu}m$ CMOS library and was stably operated with 165MHz clock frequency in timing simulation.