• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.26-32
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• 2013

The best way to prevent major occupational accidents is prohibiting use of hazardous substances such as flammable gas, toxic gas whereas using alternative substances that ensured safety. but if there are no economic efficiency and substituting technologies of alternative substances, the best way is preparing to prevent accidents thoroughly. Therefore, this study has developed and selected release scenarios to use and apply for consequence analysis and emergency action plan for HF charging process of chemical plants that have HF release accidents and high probability of release accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.6 no.1 s.17
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• pp.81-85
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• 2002

This paper presents the calculation methods of liquid release rate in the transition region when hazardous materials leak from the pipeline due to an unwanted accident. For the laminar and turbulent flow region, liquid release rate from a pipeline can be calculated by using a commercial software or by using calculator based on the models(equations) suggested by Crowl and Louvar et al. However, there has been no corresponding model for the transition flow region. In this paper. we showed that the turbulent model may be used as an equation generally used in the transition region for conservative hazard analysis if safety factor $30\%$ is added to the value calculated by the turbulent model. In this regard, we first calculated the release rate from liquid pipeline in the transition region by using experimental data on Fanning friction factor depending on Reynolds number which Lap-Mou Tam et al. had introduced, then compared it with that of the laminar and turbulent models in transition region.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.292-297
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• 2011

Gas pipeline safety management and risk prediction are recognized as a very important issue. And the effort to prevent accidents is essential. So, in this study, it was studied through correlation of pressure changes for leak point detection in real-time. It experimented by installing the five leakage valves in the pipe of 378 m and compared the actual leak points with simulation results. The results showed that experimental leak points and the actual leak points have differences within the 6 m. And this technology has to be commercialized by the demonstration in dangerous zone.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.339-340
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• 2017

화학공장의 누출사고는 초기에 적절히 대응하지 못할 경우 화재 폭발과 같은 2차 3차의 복합재난사고로 확산될 위험성이 매우 높다. 이러한 이유로 누출사고 발생 초기에 누출이 발생한 지점을 신속히 파악하여 현장안전요원에게 알림으로써, 보다 체계적이고 효율적인 초기대응을 가능하게 하여, 사고피해를 완화시킬 수 있는 통합적인 누출사고 대응시스템 구축은 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는, 통합적인 누출사고 대응시스템 구축을 위한 선행연구로, 딥러닝 기반의 누출원추적 모델 개발을 제안한다. 여수에 위치한 실제 화학공장을 대상으로 누출사고 시나리오에 대한 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 시뮬레이션을 진행한 뒤, 화학공장 경계면에 배치된 각 센서별 위치에서의 농도, 풍향 그리고 풍속데이터를 추출하고, 센서 좌표를 추가하여 인공신경망을 학습시켰다. 학습된 모델은 40개의 누출후보군에 대해 학습에 사용되지 않은 상황들에서도 75.43%의 정확도로 누출이 일어난 지점을 실시간 예측해냄을 확인하였다. 또한 누출지점 예측이 일치하지 않은 경우도, 예측된 지점이 실제 누출이 일어난 지점과 물리적으로 매우 인접함을 확인함으로써 제안된 모델을 실제 현장에 적용할시 기대되는 효과는 더 클 것으로 판단하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.27-31
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• 2018

Classification of explosion hazard areas is very important in terms of cost and safety in the workplace handling flammable materials. This is because the radius of the hazardous area determines whether or not the explosion-proof equipment is installed in the electrical machinery and apparatus. From November 6, 2017, KS C IEC-60079-10-1: 2015 will be issued and applied as a new standard. It is important to understand and apply the difference between the existing standard and the new standard. Leakage coefficients and compression factors were added to the leakage calculation formula, and the formula of evaporation pool leakage, application of leakage ball size, and shape of explosion hazard area were applied. The range of the safety factor K has also been changed. Also, in the radius of the hazardous area, the existing standard applies the number of ventilation to the virtual volume, but the revised standard is calculated by using the leakage characteristic value. In this study, we investigated the differences from existing standards in terms of ventilation and dilution and examined the effect on the radius of the hazard area. Comparisons and analyzes were carried out by applying revised standards to workplaces where existing explosion hazard locations were selected. The results showed that even if the ventilation and dilution were successful, the risk radius was not substantially affected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.170-180
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• 1998

This study presents a method for calculating the concentration of hydrocarbon releases in enclosed areas using empirical equations of evaporation rate. The approach of the method is to estimate the hydrocarbon exposure concentration in the air under conditions assumed. A methodology for assessing risk was suggested to individual risk assessment to exposed workers or others by probit expressions. The toxicity criteria and available human exposure data were examined and guidelines for risk assessment suggested for benzene-air and toluene-air systems. The value of probit constants with mole fractions of lethal concentrations in a mixture of hydrocarbons and a non-toxic substance was predicted. The probit values calculated with mole fractions can be used to estimate guidelines to prevent toxicity within enclosed working areas.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

This paper employs stochastic processing techniques to analyze explosion risks in plant facilities based on explosion return periods. Release probability is calculated using data from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), along with annual leakage frequency per plant provided by DNV. Ignition probability, derived from various researchers' findings, is then considered to calculate the explosion return period based on the release quantity. The explosion risk is assessed by examining the volume, radius, and blast load of the vapor cloud, taking into account the calculated explosion return period. The reference distance for the design blast load model is determined by comparing and analyzing the vapor cloud radius according to the return period, historical vapor cloud explosion cases, and blast-resistant design guidelines. Utilizing the multi-energy method, the blast load range corresponding to the explosion return period is presented. The proposed return period serves as a standard for the design blast load model, established through a comparative analysis of vapor cloud explosion cases and blast-resistant design guidelines. The outcomes of this study contribute to the development of a performance-based blast-resistant design framework for plant facilities.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.382-383
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• 2008

현재 가정이나 산업용으로 사용하는 가스 화기나 보일러 등에서 가스 누출에 의한 화재사고나 폭발사고가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 가스 누출에 의한 사고는 오랜 시간 가스 누출 후 점화원에 의한 폭발이나 화재사고가 대다수를 차지한다. 일반적으로 천연가스를 사용하는 경우 상단부에 가스누출검지기를 설치하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 설치 위치는 대략적인 가스의 특성을 고려한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 가스 누출이 발생할 수 있는 누출위치를 가정의 가스레인지 화구와 밸브 연결부로 선정하고, 전산유체역학(CFD)을 이용하여 가스누출검지기의 시간에 따른 응답특성을 파악하여, 빠른 가스 검지를 위해 가스누출검지기 설치 위치를 최적화하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 기초로 가정이나 건물의 가스누출검지기출 설치할 경우, 가스가 누출되었을 때 신속한 검지를 통하여 위험을 알림으로서 가스폭발이나 사고를 미연에 방지할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Safety technology
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• no.179
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• pp.58-61
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• 2012

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 1997

In this paper, I present an architecture and techniques to monitor and identify the hazards of plants anywhere in the whole country using the HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) based on RFC1945 and PLC(Programmable Logic Controller) protocol. I constructed the upward network and downward network for intercommunication between the PLC and computer around the internet. I also constructed WWW(World-Wide Web) server in the personal computer The result of this research constructed monitoring system to monitor and identify the hazards through WWW browser on the internet.