• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.31-55
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• 2010

This study aims to estimate potential climate change damage in Korea using the PAGE model. This study reviewed previous a reasearch to compare relative sensitivity to climate change in Korea and other regions to generate climate change damage function. It was found that sensitivity to climate change in Korea is similar to other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. This study estimated climate change impact for three scenarios. If no action is taken, climate change damage cost in Korea could reach US$ 12,928 ~ 57,900 M. Cumulative Net Present Value (NPV)of climate change impact from 1990 to 2100 would be between US$ 143,226 ~ 921,701 Mdepending on emission scenarios. However, this result should be interpreted with caution as it draws its damage function based on only a few available references. Results also showed that an adaptation policy could decrease the degree of climate change impact significantly. If an adaptation policy is implemented, climate change impact will be decreased by US$ 11,355 million dollars in Korea in 2100.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.127-136
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• 2018

With the increased value in digital contents, the influence of social media has increased exponentially over the past years. Focused around those in their teens and twenties, social media has spread its influence to people regardless of one's age or gender. This increased attention is reflected by the public's interest in pets, especially those dealt with in the personal media sector. This paper will focus on the two most popular Korean cat youtube channels called "CreamHeroes" and "SuriNoel." By analyzing the top thirty most viewed videos on each channel, real time streaming, goods based on the cats starring on the channel, and comments left by the channels' subscribers, it can be concluded that people watching videos categorized as "Viewnimal" derive surrogate pleasure from their viewings. The following creates the potential for increased conversation regarding the subject of shelter animals and animal abuse.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.403-412
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• 1995

The present study was performed to determine th growth and production of Mactra veneriformis on the Songdo tidal flat off Inchon. west coast of Korea. Monthly samples were collected from Marc 1989 to September 1990. The size distributions of shell length showed unimodal patterns from March to August 1989. The binodal pattern after September 1989 indicated a recruitment of young clams during this period. The density fluctuated irregularly, but showed a decreasing pattern over time on the whole. The density of the year class 1989 increased markedly after February 1990. The growth in shell length showed three phases during a year, a fast growth phase in spring, a slow growth phase in summer and autumn, and a lag phase in winter. The annual increment in shell length reduced with age. The flesh dry weight showed a peak in late spring just before the spawning period, and another peak in autumn. The length of annuli and the back-calculated flesh dry weight were used to describe the annual growth. The growth in shell length fitted to the von Bertalanffy model and the flesh dry weight to the Gompertz model. The absolute growth rate of the shell length reduced gradually with age. The year class 1985 had the highest L, and the yeat class 1986 the lowest L. The annual growth in weight showed a typical sigmoid curve. The growth rate was maximum at the age of 2 to 3. Year classes of 1984 and 1985 had higher values of W and higher absolute growth rates than those of 1986 and 1987. Maximum absolute growth rates of 1986 and 1987 year classes were recorded at younger ages than 1984 and 1985 year classes. The annual relative growth rates of length and weight decreased exponentially with age. Biomass in flesh dry weight increased till spring and thereafter decreased progressively. Maximum biomass was 134.6g m/SUP -2/ in August 1990. The biomass of 1989 yeat class occupied highest proportion in total biomass. Annual production in flesh dry weight from March 1989 to March 1990 was 67.9 g m/SUP -2/ year/SUP -1/. Cumulative production of 1989 year class was highest among all year classes, and that of year class 1984 was lowest. The production is high in spring and autumn, and very low in summer and winter.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.677-694
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• 2015

This paper aims to discuss and develop theories of social sustainability as an alternative of urban development, recognizing that urban development paradigm needs to turn to the qualitative perspective. Urban development in Korea has mainly focused on quantitative expansion disregarding qualitative development so far. Korean cities has achieved the quantitative accumulation of wealth due to the strategy. However, as a result, it is also certain that socio-economic problems such as urban poverty, social polarization, deterioration of welfare and quality of life are getting more serious. In the context that social sustainability meets social needs of urban residents based on equity and focuses on social development, it has an important meaning in relation of social and economic problems such as inequality and distribution of urban development. Furthermore, social sustainablity can foster urban residents' endogenous capability and governances. The importance of social sustainablity has been standed out and its concept and practical problems have been discussed diversely among researchers in the Western advanced countries for the last decade. However, social sustainability is still unattractive and its institutional strategy are insufficient in Korea. Concepts and practical problems of social sustainability have implications on the development path of Korean cities which have been accumulated contradiction due to the quantitative development for a long time.

• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.745-766
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• 2017

Students' creative ability has become the one of important educational goals recently. Beliefs that students can grow intellectually is a key principle in creativity education. In recently, researchers have focused on learners' failure as a way for promoting creativity in schools. They start look into the ways in which learning failures are connected to creativity. Recent studies such as Kapur(2008) demonstrated that learners' failure experiences enable students to create novel solutions to solve problems to go beyond memorizing facts or knowledge. This paper discussed strategies that students or teachers can utilize learning failures to produce positive educational outcomes and also suggested some caveats when learning failures are introduced to a classroom. Specifically, learners should avoid any pre-existing frames of thoughts to create new alternatives to solve problems. Second, teachers or students should be allowed to explore content areas freely without having any risks of academic punishment. In addition, this paper also discussed possible negative results of early experiencing learning failures regards to negative emotion. Especially, experiencing continuous failures can bring students to learned helplessness. This paper discussed how to avoid this negative consequences. Related with negative emotional effects of failures, teacher or students should be careful in the earlier stage of learning processes to avoid learning failures. Lastly, this paper also suggested that minimizing fears related with learning failures and promoting failure tolerance so that students have motivation to overcome learning failures.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.121-135
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• 2003

1999년 7월 청주권을 비롯한 7개 지방중소도시권은 친환경적 도시기본계획을 수립한 후 개발제한구역을 해제하도록 하고, 수도권을 비롯한 7개 대도시권은 보전가치가 낮은 지역을 위주로 부분적으로 해제하도록 하였다. 그리하여 표고, 경사도, 농업적성도, 식물상, 임업적성도, 수질 등 6개 항목에 대한 환경평가를 통해 개발제한구역에 용도지역이 지정되었다. 청주시의 경우 환경평가와 주민의견 반영 후 도시계획재정비에 따라 용도지역이 지정되었으나, 평지나 산림생산성이 떨어지는 곳은 낮은 환경등급을 받아 개발이 가능한 용도지역이 지정됨으로써 벨트형 녹지 유지가 어려워져, 시가지 팽창, 대전과 연담화, 도시 허파기능 상실 등의 가능성이 커지게 되었다. 따라서 청주권 개발제한구역의 시가화 영향을 토지피복, 지목, 용도지역 등의 변화를 통해 살펴보고, 6개 항목에 대한 환경평가 과정상 문제점을 고찰한 후, 개발제한구역의 해제 영향을 도시성장측면과 환경용량평가를 통해 규명하고, 전략환경평가의 적용방안을 모색하고자 한다. 전략환경평가의 시행을 위해서는 먼저 오염총량관리제, 국토의 계획 및 이용에 관한 법률에 의한 개발밀도관리구역, 수도권정비계획법에 의한 인구집중시설에 대한 개발총량규제 등이 반영되어야 할 것이다. 그리고 이미 시행중인 개발사업 및 개발계획중인 사업에 대한 누적영향평가와 함께 해당 지역에 대한 환경용량평가가 이뤄져야 하고, 아울러 개발제한구역 해제지역에 대한 사전환경성검토업무편람의 내용을 토대로 하여 환경평가항목에 대한 스코우핑, 환경평가 지표 개발이 이뤄져야 할 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.10-28
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• 1987

Changes of protein synthesis in the isolated egg chambers were studied during oogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster. Protein synthesis did not change much in quantity except that the activity was slightly enhanced at the stages 11 and 12, when new structures such as vitelline membranes and yolk granules were made, but considerably changed in quality during oogenesis. Protein synthesis was believed to occur mainly in the follicle cells, and a number of stage-specific proteins were found to differ at various stages. The observations suggest that proteins synthesized in the cells within chambers as well as those from the outside of the chambers might be directly required for the growth and maturation of oocytes in Drosophila.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.4
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• pp.387-392
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• 2001

This Many software projects collect grouped failure data (failures in some failure interval or in variable time interval) rather than individual failure times or failure count data during the testing or operational phase. This paper presents the neural network (NN) modeling for grouped failure data that is able to predict cumulative failures in the variable future time. The two variant models of cascade-correlation learning (CasCor) algorithm are presented. Suggested models are compared with other well-known NN models and statistical software reliability growth models (SRGMs). Experimental results show that the suggested models show better predictability.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2000

IT 혁명으로 전자적인 활동이 전 사회의 중심 축으로 이루어지고, 또한 컴퓨터를 이용한 정보처리와 통신기술의의 눈부신 발달에 힘입어 기업의 Business에 커다란 변화를 초래하게 되었다. 특히, 인터넷이라는 환경하에서 전자상거래는 급속하게 성장하고 있으며, 기업은 전자상거래 모델을 앞다투어 개발하면서 새로운 E-Business 환경을 수용하고 있다. 또한 기업은 무역업무에 이러한 전자상거래를 도입하면서 국제간 거래의 활성화를 위해 노력하고 있지만, 국채간 사이버 무역이 안고 있는 여러 가지 애로점을 가지고 있다. 그 중에서 국제간 전자결제에 과한 문제이다. 인터넷을 이용한 무역업무를 실행시키고, 활성화하기 위한 하나의 결제방안을 제시해 보면 제3자에 의한 결제 시스템으로서 인터넷 서비스 제공업자, S/W 개발업체, 은행과 신용카드회사를 비롯한 금융기관 등은 결제시스템을 구축하는 방안이 강구될 수 있다. 또한 이 시스템에서는 다양한 판매자의 제품을 소개하고 일정 시간간격 또는 특정 구매자의 총누적 거래대금이 일정수준에 이를 때에 결제함으로써 신용카드를 지불수단으로 사용하는 경우에도 소액거래를 지원할 수 있다. 또한 전자결제제도가 성립되기 위해서는 전자자금거래의 규제를 위한 법 제도적인 측면의 정비가 시급하다. 따라서 각종 거래의 결제에 관한 법적관계는 물론 금융관련 법률을 기본으로 하여 새로운 접근방안을 마련해야 할 것이다. 이와 같은 사항들을 고려함으로써 사이버 환경의 활성화를 도모할 수 있다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 1989

본고(本稿)에서는 최근 미국연방준비은행(美國聯邦準備銀行)의 Hallman Porter Small이 개발한 인플레추정방법, 즉 화폐수량식에 장기균형유통속도(長期均衡流通速度)($V^*$), 잠재생산력(潛在生産力)($Q^*$), 장기균형기준물가(長期均衡基準物價)(P*)등의 개념을 적용하여 인플레식(式)을 추정하는 방법을 우리나라에 적용하여 보았다. 이를 위해 $V^*$는 인플레의 변동에 의해 구조적(構造的)으로 변동(變動)될 수 있다는 점과 $Q^*$는 고용(雇傭)뿐 아니라 투자의 함수라고 가정하고 자본스톡 및 $Q^*$를 내생적으로 추정하는 등으로 $V^*$, $Q^*$의 개념을 재정립하였다. 추정결과(推定結果)에 의하면 87년초 이후부터 실질생산(實質生産) 잠재(潛在)GNP를 초과하게 되었으며 통화공급(通貨供給) 역시 확대되어 $P^*$가 P를 넘어서는 현상, 즉 물가상승압력(物價上昇壓力)이 누적되어 왔으며, 이에 따른 물가불안이 해소되기에는 정책대응여하에 따라 상당한 기간이 소요될 수도 있을 것으로 냐타났다. 즉, 시뮬레이션결과 종합해 보면 물가상승압력(物價上昇壓力)의 완화를 위해서는 투자진작을 통한 잠재생산력(潛在生産力)의 확충과 아울러 긴축기조(緊縮基調)의 유지라는 일견(一見) 상반(相反)되는 정책기조(政策基調)를 동시에 추진해 나가야 할 것으로 나타났다. 현재의 경기국면에 대한 대응책으로는 통화공급(通貨供給)을 확대시키는 단순한 총량적 정책보다는 긴축기조(緊縮基調)를 유지하면서도 통화(通貨)의 신축적(伸縮的)인 공급이 투자(投資) 고용(雇傭) 등의 생산부문(生産部門)으로 원활히 흐를 수 있도록 하는 동시에 금융구조(金融構造) 경제구조(經濟構造)를 개선해 나가는 미시적이고도 포괄적인 정책이 요구된다 하겠다.