• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.273-284
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• 1993

Ion concentrations and osmolarities of the body fluid and oxygen consumption of the larvae of the freshwater crab, Eriocheir japonicus under the influence of various salinities and water temperatures were studied. The levels of $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$ ions in the body fluid of the crab placed in the low salinities (freshwater and $30\%$ seawater) were higher at the low temperature $(16^{\circ}C)$ than high temperature $(30^{\circ}C)$. However, the crab in the high salinity $(90\%\; seawater)$, those ions in the body fluid were higher at the high temperature $(30^{\circ}C)$ than the low temperature $(10^{\circ}C)$ When the zoea larvae were young (first and second stages), the ion concentrations of the body fluid were more affected by salinities and temperatures of the media. The salinity levels of the media more influenced the levels of $K^+$ ions of the body fluid of the larvae than the temperature. The osmolarities of the body fluid of the larvae were almost isotonic when they were placed at $70\%$ seawater $(24.5\%o)$. Oxygen consumption of individual larva was lower in zoea 1 and 2 stages than the other stage larvae. The high oxygen consumption of the larvae was observed at $70\%$ seawater compared to the other salinity levels.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the optimum ionic strength of nutrient solution were treated with a quarter, a half, three quarters, standard, one and half, and double ionic strength of balanced nutrient solution of Yamazaki solution recommended for cucumber plants. Plant height and number of loaves of growing period were rapidly increased in 1/2 ionic strength of nutrient solution. Growth characteristics of cucumber plant as affected by the different ionic strength of nutrient solution were not significant differences, however, in the growing period, plant height, stem length and leaf area were highest in 1/2 ionic strength of nutrient solution. Fruit yield of cucumber plant as affected by the different ionic strength of nutrient solution was not significant differences, however, fruit yield was highest in 1/2 ionic strength of the lowering ionic strength of nutrient solution. Nitrogen concentration was not significant differences, however, it was high corcentration in 1/2 ionic strength of nutrient solution. Growth and yield characteristic of cucumber as affected by 1/2 ionic strength of nutrient solution at 36 days transplanting analyzed correlation cofficient. Plant height showed positive correlated with number of plant and positive correlated with yield.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.887-892
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• 2003

The effects of liquid culture of Agaricus blazei Murill on the body weight gain, lipid metabolism, protein levels, and enzyme activities were studied in growing male rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups ; control group (A. blazei free water), 20 or 30% A. blazei groups (20 or 30% A. blazei in water) according to the levels of A. blazei supplementation. The rats were fed ad libitum each of the experimental beverage for 5 weeks. The body weight gain, food intake, food efficiency ratio, and organ weight of the 20 or 30% A. blazei groups were similar to those of the control group. There were no differences in the concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, total protein and albumin, and the activities of GOT, GPT, LDH and alkaline phosphatase of the serum among the experimental groups. The calcium and phosphorus concentrations of serum in the 20 or 30% A. blazei group were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group. The concentrations of LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index of the 20 or 30% A. blazei groups were significantly lower than those of the control group, but the serum HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was higher. These results showed that the 20 or 30% A. blazei feeding decreased the LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index, and increased HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio in serum of rats.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2011

In order to identify the current state of the $CO_2$ concentrations at the Gosan site in Jeju, the data from the Gosan station was compared with the ones from domestic and foreign sites registered in the World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases(WDCGG). As a result, the $CO_2$ concentrations in the Asian region including Gosan site were higher than in the other continents, which can be explained that the $CO_2$ emissions in the Asian region have been rapidly increasing due to the recent economic growth. In comparison with ther Asian-Pacific sites (i.e., Ryori, Waliguan, and Mauna Loa), Gosan site showed the highest $CO_2$ concentrations because this site can be easily affected by China emissions. With the trajectory analysis and the ratios of air pollutants, we found that the high concentrations of Gosan site in January were mainly caused by the long-range transport from China, while in August the high concentration in the night time by the stagnation and the active plant respiration. Also, in May and November it occurred as the polluted air from China was transported with migratory cyclone.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.149-163
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• 2021

In this study, the changes in ozone (O3) concentrations due to the removal of power plant emissions were analyzed using a community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) model. Two different CMAQ model simulations, one considering the emissions from the Hadong power plant and one without considering the emissions, were conducted to investigate the effect of the emissions on the changes in the O3 concentrations in the surrounding areas. Subsequently, the CMAQ simulations exhibited an increase in the O3 concentration (25.24%) despite a decrease in the NOx (-18.87%) and volatile organic carbon (VOC, -11.27%) concentrations, which are major O3 precursors. The changes in the NO and O3 concentrations due to the removal of power plant emissions presented a strong negative correlation (r= -0.72). This indicated that the increase in the O3 concentration was mainly attributed to the significantly decreased NO concentration, thus, mitigating the O3 titration reaction (NO+O3→NO2+O2). Additionally, due to the VOC-limited (i.e., NOx-saturated) conditions in the study region, NO affected the O3 concentration, indicating that the O3 concentrations in a particular region are not only proportional to the increase or decrease in emissions. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the chemical O3 production and loss in a particular region is necessary to accurately evaluate the effect of emission control on the changes in the O3 concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.463-465
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• 2003

전기분해에 의한 부상현상을 이용하여 유류로 오염된 토양 세정 후 발생되는 유출수 중 유분 등을 분리하기 위한 적정 운전조건을 찾고자 하였다. 전기분해 반응조(200 $\times$ 10 $\times$15cm)에 혼합 계면활성제 (POE5 : POE14, 1:1) 1% 용액에 디젤을 1,000mg/L 농도로 용해시켜 실험하였다. 양극에는 티나늄 코팅전극, 음극으로는 스테인레스 스틸전극을 이용하였다. 반응시간은 62분( 반응: 60분, 부상시간: 2분) 이었으며 전압은 6V였다. 전해질 첨가에 의한 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실험한 결과, 전해질을 첨가하였을 경우 첨가하지 않았을 때보다 40% 정도의 효율이 증가하였다. 적정 전해질, 주입농도 및 반응시간을 알아보기 위하여 1N NaCl과 NaOH의 농도를 변화시켜 가면서 실험하였다. NaCl의 경우 더 좋은 효율을 나타내었다. 전해질의 농도는 0.2 - 1.0% 의 농도 범위에서 NaCl와 NaOH 모두 농도에 따라 순차적으로 효율이 증가하였다. 두 전해질 모두 0.4 - 1.0% 농도 범위에서 평형에 도달하는 시간은 20분으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.403-407
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 개수로 흐름에서의 오염물질 거동 특성에 대해 분석하였다. 이를 위해 개수로 흐름을 등류상태로 가정하여 3차원의 수직모형을 구성하고 운동량 방정식과 스칼라 수송방정식에서의 난류 폐합을 위해 레이놀즈응력 모형 및 GGDH 모형을 사용하였다. 개발된 모형을 이용하여 복단면 수로에서 오염물질이 점으로 주입된 경우에 대해 난류 흐름 및 오염물질의 농도 분포를 수치모의 하고 기존의 실험 데이터와 비교하였다. 그 결과 개발된 모형이 개수로 흐름에서의 평균유속 및 난류구조, 오염물질의 농도 분포 등을 잘 모의하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 이차흐름의 영향으로 인해 최대 농도 값의 위치가 거리에 따라 이동하는 것으로 나타났으며, 농도 분포 역시 정규분포에서 거리에 따라 점차 왜곡되는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.510-512
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 수지상 아연 생성 반응에 영향을 주는 인자로써 산화아연의 농도에 주목하여, 아연의 전기화학적 산화 환원 반응에 미치는 전해질 농도의 영향을 규명하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 아연의 석출 용해 반응은 산화아연의 전해질 농도에 크게 영향을 받았다. 저농도에서는 사이클이 진행될수록 충 방전 효율이 크게 저하되는데 비해, 고농도에서는 상대적으로 고효율이 유지되었다. 또한 각 농도의 용액에서 50 사이클이 진행된 후 생성된 수지상 아연은 저농도에서 생성된 수지상 아연보다 고농도에서의 수지상 아연이 두꺼운 것을 확인하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.222-231
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• 1994

밤바구미 유충기의 whole body로부터 cyclic AMP(CAMP)를 추출하여 농도 변화를 측정하였고 cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase(PKA)를 부분 정제하여 활성도 변화를 조사하여 CAMP 농도와 PKA 활성도와의 소장관계를 비교하였다 CAMP 농도와 PKA 활성도는 HPLC와 liquid scintillation counter를 이용하여 측정하였다 CAMP 농도는 밤바구미 유충에서 월동전에 0.57 UMlg로 가장 높았고, 월동중에 0. 14 UMIS로 감소하였다가 월동후에 0.29 UMlg로 증가하였다 또한 PKA 활성도는 월동전에 2.56unit/mg로 가장 높았으며, 월동중에 0.62 unit/mg로 감소하다가 월동후에 07 unit/mg로 다시 증가하여 CAMP 농도 변화와 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 이는 월동전에 휴면에 대비하여 최대의 취식으로 지방체 축적이 가장 많았고, 월동중에는 지방체의 소비가 증대되.기 때문에 감소하였다가, 월동후 휴면 종결과 유충-번데기 탈피를 준비하기 위해 'CAMP 농도와 PKA 활성도는 다시 증가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 1983

The paper describes an experimental investigation of axisymmetric diesel spray and flame which is held in rapid compression machine (RCM) with electromagnetic single injection nozzle. The axisymmetric diesel spray and flame are taken with high speed photograph and analysis it with image processor. The data presented include fuel concentration of spray, flame temperature, soot concentration of flame in axial and radial direction at a moment and compared it with each other.