• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.129-139
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• 2004

This study conducted to find out the best way to prolong green period of Zoysiagrass and Cool-season grass from 1999 to 2001 in Korea. Treatments were control, vinyl, black shade net, green shade net, black shade net+vinyl, green shade net+vinyl, vinyl+black shade net, and vinyl+green shade net for Zoysiagrass. For cool-season grass, treatments were control, non-punched vinyl and punched vinyl. Data on temperature, light intensity, humidity, leaf color and chlorophyll were collected. Plot size was 2 by 2 and the experiment was conducted using completely randomized design with three replication. Zoysiagrass Green period of Zoysiagrass depended on temperature and light intensity than humidity. Effective method of prolongation of green period in Zoysiagrass was to covered it with vinyl during early October to early November, and then using vinyl+black shade net from end of November. Cool-season grass Effective method of prolongation of green period in Cool-season grass was by covering it with vinyl during mid-November to mid-December, and then using vinyl+black shade net from end of December.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-27
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• 2023

This study analyzed the reasons for extending the construction period considering factors such as the quality of construction materials, safety and cost-effectiveness of construction, size of construction, academic schedule, and local conditions (complaints) when determining the appropriate period for school construction projects tailored to a specific region or educational office. Based on the example of construction projects for school facility improvement by education office A, this study conducted a case study to identify the motives for construction period extension. To determine the appropriate construction period for school facilities, this study conducted a comprehensive review of construction projects under the jurisdiction of education office A, examined data from the Meteorological Data Open Portal, and performed advanced statistical analysis. Future case studies must determine the appropriate construction period for school facilities in a rational and systematics.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.342-353
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• 2016

This study was initiated to evaluate green color retention under three different soil systems. Several turfgrasses were evaluated in multi-layer, USGA, and mono-layer systems. Turfgrass entries were comprised of three cultivars of Korean lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) as warm-season grass (WSG) and three blends and three mixtures of Kentucky bluegrass (KB, Poa pratensis L.), perennial ryegrass (PR, Lolium perenne L.), and tall fescue (TF, Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) as cool-season grass (CSG). Significant differences were observed in visual turf color and green color retention among soil systems and turfgrasses. Both the multi-layer and USGA systems were highly associated with better color ratings and longer color retention, as compared with the mono-layer system. Seasonal variation of visual turf color greatly occurred from late December to early spring. CSG exhibited longer color retention than did WSG. The latter maintained green color for approximately 6 months, regardless of the soil system. Spring green-up of Korean lawngrass occurred from early to middle May, while it underwent discoloration from late October to early November. Among the CSGs green-up occurred between early March and early April and leaf color was maintained until middle December to early February. Therefore, the CSGs were green for 8.5 to 11 months, depending on turfgrass and soil system. The mean period of green color duration across all soil systems was approximately 10-11, 9-10 and 8.5-9.0 months for PR, KB and TF, respectively. As for the CSG mixtures, the greater the proportion of PR, the longer the green color retention, while the higher the proportion of TF, the shorter the color retention. There was greater variation in green color duration among the CSGs than the WSGs. Across soil systems, color retention differences of 2 to 6 days were observed for the Korean lawngrass, but 7 to 36 days for the CSGs. These results demonstrate that green color retention varied greatly according to soil systems and also among turfgrasses. Selections of turfgrass and soil system should be made using a concept-oriented approach, when establishing garden, park, soccer field, golf course and other sports field. Information obtained in this study can be used to select soil systems and turfgrasses based on the expected degree of leaf color retention.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.333-344
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• 2017

This study was conducted to examine the effect of cool-season grass overseeding on the green period, turf quality and density in zoysiagrass lawn. Treatments were perennial ryegrass (PR) overseeding ($60g\;m^{-2}$) on medium-leaf type zoysiagrass, Kentucky bluegrass (KB) overseeding ($20g\;m^{-2}$) on medium-leaf type zoysiagrass and narrow-leaf type zoysiagrass, and no overseeding on medium-leaf type zoysiagrass. Overseeding of KB or PR effectively provided quality improvement of zoysiagrass lawn by extending green-period about one month in spring and two months in fall season. PR overseeding showed quick green cover within 2-3 weeks but decreased the quality of overseeded zoysiagrass lawn during the summer season. Whereas, KB overseeding showed slow green cover taking two to three month after seeding but provided stable and good turf quality throughout the years. KB or PR overseeding significantly increased the turf density of zoysiagrass lawn except the period of summer depression of PR. The ground coverage of cool-season grasses ranged from 30 to 80% with considerable seasonal variation. As a result, KB and PR have their strengths and weaknesses as an overseeding material. Thus, the use of KB and PR as a mixture would provide better overseeding performance in zoysiagrass lawn.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.131-137
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• 1986

Korean lawn, Zoysia japonica STEUD, is the type of a perennial warm-season lawn grass that has a naturally green period during 5 months from May to September. This study was carried out to detect the effects of N-P-K fertilization, regrowth capacity after mowing and chlorophyll contents on prolongation of the green period in Zoysia japonica grasslands. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on Zoysia japonica grasslands were affected on regrowth capacity after mowing, green color of leaf canopies and chlorophyll contents, respectively. 2. A the experimental plots which applied 45g/$m^2$/10 weeks of $N_3$ fertilizer, there were high significant effects on prolongation of the green period and the plots of phosphorus and potassium had additive effects. 3. Prolongation of the green period to the last ten days of October was obviously possible by slow degrees in proportion to increment of N-P-K fertilization. 4. However, it is interpreted that more prolongation of the green period is impossible with N-P-K fertilization and irrigation treatments, unless the intermediate turfgrasses between $C_3$ and $C_4$ plants must be found and bred.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

These studies were carried out to ascertain the effects of paraffin oil on prolongation of the green leaf color period in Zoysiagrass. Fifty-fold diluted 98% paraffin oil treatment obtained the lowest reduction rate of green color. In early October we sprayed 50-fold, 100-fold and 200-fold diluted 98% paraffin oil in a Zoysia japonica field in Hapcheon of Gyeongnam and Sangju of Gyeongbuk and in a Z. matrella field in Gumjung of Busan and Anseong of Gyeonggii. Leaf color maintained for 60 days after treatment in Zoysia japonica. Leaf color remained for 60 days after treatment in Anseong, Hapcheon and Sangju when treated in the mid-October. Chlorophyll content was higher in paraffin oil treatment areas than in control areas in early October. Weight reduction rate was lower in the paraffin oil treated than in untreated leaves of Zoysiagrass when sprayed in Gumjung and Anseong in early October and mid-October, respectively. The chlorophyll content in leaves of Z. japonica was increased by increasing the spray volume of paraffin oil in the same dose treated in Lexington, Kentucky, USA. Paraffin oil can be used to prolongate of Zoysiagrass leaf color.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 1984

In order to use the liquid whole eggs as an ingredients of retorted products, the provention of the green-grey discoloration of retorted liquid whole eggs by the addition of the Na$_2$EDTA was investigated. And palatability change of the retorted liquid whole eggs by the addition of Na$_2$EDTA was also investigated. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. More severe green-grey discoloration was occurred when higher cooking temperature and longer cooking time were used. 2. Green-grey discoloration of retorted liquid whole eggs could be prevented by the addition of about 0.015% of Na$_2$EDTA. 3. The palatability of retorted liquid whole eggs was not lowered by the addition of 0.02% of Na$_2$EDTA and green grey discoloration was not developed during the storage time of 22 days at room temperature.

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.73
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• pp.52-55
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• 2011

'2011 대한민국 녹색에너지대전'이 지식경제부 주최, 에너지관리공단 주관으로 지난 10월 19일 서울 삼성동 코엑스(A,B홀)에서 개최되었다. 올 해로 31회를 맞이한 대한민국 녹색에너지대전은 '세이브 에너지, 스마트 라이프(Save Energy, Smart Life)라는 주제로 13개국, 247개 업체가 참가하였으며, 에너지절약 및 효율 향상 분야, 신재생에너지분야, 기후변화대응분야 등 녹색에너지 분야 전반을 총망라한 최신 녹색기술 제품들이 전시되었다. 이번 전시회는 코트라 주관의 수출상담회, 신재생에너지 유공자 포상이 열렸으며, 일반인 대상의 '신재생에너지 체험관'을 전시기간 내내 운영해 일반 관람객들이 태양광 선풍기 풍력자동차 등을 직접 조립해 보도록 해 관람객들의 호응을 얻었다. 21일 개최된 ESCO투자 사례 발표회에서는 산업체 건물에서 추진된 ESCO 투자 사례 정보를 제공해 주는 뜻 깊은 시간이 되었다. 특히 이번 전시회에는 대내외적으로 에너지절약에 대한 뜨거운 관심이 고조되는 가운데 롯데, LG전자, 삼성전자를 비롯해 효성, 삼천리 등 대기업이 대거 참가, 에너지효율 및 온실가스 저감 최신 기술을 선보였다. 이번 전시회에서는 에너지효율과 신재생에너지에 관심이 많은 관람객들과 최신에너지 기술을 도입하고자 하는 산업체 임직원, 신재생에너지 및 기후 변화대응분야 신규 사업에 관심이 있는 투자자 등 전시장을 찾는 모두에게 유익한 정보를 제공하는 뜻깊은 시간이 되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.194-194
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• 2019

유역의 물안정성은 공공의 건강, 식량안전과 생태계 보호과 밀접한 연관이 있기에 그에 대한 관심사가 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 청색물발자국와 녹색물발자국 개념을 도입하여 물부족과 취약성을 지표로 한 한강의 물안정성을 평가하였다. SWAT모형을 적용하여 청색물 흐름, 녹색물 흐름, 녹색물 저류량을 계산하였다. 청색물은 유역의 물생성량와 지하수 저류량의 합으로 계산되고 녹색물은 실제 증발산량과 토양 수분 함유량의 합으로 계산되는데, 이러한 수문성분들은 SWAT 모형의 결과에서 얻을 수 있다. SWAT 모형은 SUFI-2 최적화 알고리즘을 이용하여 1990-2013년의 관측데이터에 대하여 보정 및 검증을 하였다. 계산결과 청색물의 시간적 분포는 강우패턴의 영향을 받고, 실제 증발산량인 월 녹색물의 흐름은 뚜렷한 계절 패턴을 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 유역의 물안정성은 생활, 농업과 산업활동 등 인간활동의 물수요와 필요한 환경유지유량을 고려하여 산정하였다. 본 연구에서는 한강유역의 물부족과 취약성에 대한 시간적 변동성을 보여줌으로써 물자원 상황에 대한 이해도를 향상시키고 물 스트레스 기간을 제시하여 물자원의 계획과 관리를 개선 하고자 한다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.232-241
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• 1984

A series of experiments were carried out to know the effects of pollen stage, cold shock temperature and duration, and media for callus and green plant induction in rice anther culture. The results indicated that: (a) uninucleate stage of pollen was the most suitable stage for effective callus induction, (b) cold shock temperature of 8$^{\circ}C$ and 12$^{\circ}C$ was appeared to be proper temperature for callus induction, (c) callus induction rate was increased in the eight to 12 days long cold storage, (d) the medium N6 was better than that of N6D for callus induction, (e) green plant induction was better in both 4$^{\circ}C$ and 8$^{\circ}C$ than that of 12$^{\circ}C$ cold shock, (f) green plant frequency was higher in eight to 12 days long cold storage and (g) green plant frequency was doubled in the MS medium when compared with N6 medium.